研究

The aberrance itself is a kind of active research, which not only lengthways reviews the developing state of television art but also breadthwise compare the aberrant relationships between traditional arts and television arts, in order to find out aesthetic rules. The comparative method I adopt accord with the subject, appropriate revealing the active research characteristic.

电视研究是一种动态的研究，国家政策、经济发展、技术革新等因素都影响着电视的传播，电视艺术生态在呈动态发展，电视艺术美学也如此，&变异&问题本身就是一种动态的研究，它从纵向考察电视艺术的发展状态，同时还通过横向比较各传统艺术与电视艺术之间的变异关系，最终寻找出电视艺术的美学规律，而我所采用的比较的方法与影响研究是很符合这个选题的，这恰恰显示出了动态研究的特性。

This thesis dedicated to research the investment control of BT project, researched the risk in the program construction, the compose portion and the factors effecting the investment. The research includes the conception and the character of the BT project; the actualize process and the questions should be pay attention to; the conditions of BT contract and the sector of the compose poison of the contract price. In this part researched the conception of the BT purchase price and concluded that the relation between the purchase price and the investment. Then studied the risk factors that effect the investment according to the character of the project and then brought forward several advices of the contract item about how to share the risk. Studied compose sector and it's calculatingly methods of the construction cost which is the main part of the investment, then studied how to control the cost during the construct process and analyzed project variations as well as how control that. In the end, researched the capital cost of BT program, the main content include the concept of the capital cost, the calculatingly methods using the engineering economic method, the method writer suggest in the thesis according to the project practice, how to control the capital cost, mainly through setting up an account and inspecting it, and regulating the program financing rate in reason.

本论文的研究重点即BT项目的投资控制，围绕该问题，本论文的主要研究内容有，从BT模式和BT项目的基本分析开始，研究了BT模式的基本概念、BT项目的运作过程、基本特征；研究了BT项目的合同条件和合同价款，该部分分析了BT项目的合同结构、BT项目的承发包工作范围、BT项目的回购价款组成和确定；根据项目建设特征分析了影响BT项目投资的风险因素，并且提出了在对风险进行分配和分担类合同条款制定时建议；建设工程费用是构成BT投资的主体费用，本文对其各组成部分的基本构成、计算方式进行了分析，研究了实施过程中管理控制和工程变更及变更控制的问题；文章的最后对构成BT项目投资的资金成本进行了探讨，分析了资金成本的概念和形成，运用工程经济学的基本理论分析了资金成本各部分的基本计算方式，依据现有的工程实践情况提出了本文建议的计算方式，最后分析了如何对资金成本进行控制――主要通过设立资金账户对其进行监管以及对项目融资的利率进行合理规定。

Electrochemical oscillation of lead electrode in sulfuric acid has been explored with in-situ ellipsometry.Effects of improvement of electrodes properties are affected by increase or decrease of surface temperature of the samples badly during ion implantation. Some theories and methods on substance diffusion transfer have been applied to calorifics to obtain mathematical relation between the surface temperature on the samples and operation time during ion implantation.

掠射式椭圆偏振方法是本论文提出的一种全新的研究方法，为验证这种现场研究方法的可行性，本论文选择了几个用其它方法研究较为成熟的电化学体系并结合本论文研究的化学电源体系，以掠射式椭圆偏振技术进行研究，提出了改良镍电极、锌电极、铝电极和铜电极性能的具体措施或者理解这些电极表面性质和涉及它们的电极过程的实验依据，为使用这些电极的化学电源性能的提高奠定了基础。

In this study, the spore germination of Lasiosphaera fenzlii and Calvatia gigantea were studied,the optimum fermented conditions were investigated.The anti-inflammation and antibacterial were carried out using the fermentative products. The results were as follows: Molecular identification techniques using DNA showed that samples collected are Lasiosphaera fenzlii and Calvatia gigantean.Using analysis of Internal transcribed sequence and construct phylogenetic trees,results showede that Lasiosphaera fenzlii and Calvatia gigantean have close relationship.

本研究以大秃马勃Calvatia gigantea和脱皮马勃Lasiosphaera fenzlii为研究材料，进行了马勃孢子的萌发条件研究，并以大秃马勃Calvatia gigantea菌种为研究材料，进行了优化培养和发酵液药理实验的初步研究，结果如下：采用DNA分子鉴定技术对采集的样品进行了分子鉴定，结果为大秃马勃Calvatia gigantea和脱皮马勃Lasiosphaera fenzlii。

First, some researchers still put emphasis on grammatical descriptions of the evidential systems in some highly-inflectional languages. Second, the researches seem to be confined to the lexis and clausal level, and the study of evidentiality at discourse and genre level is much less than enough. In addition, the review of the research on English RAs has shown that few systematic researches on evidentiality in academic discourse have been conducted. Third, there are few researches on what evidentiality can do for language users and especially on the interpersonal functions of evidentiality.

目前的言据性研究主要集中于以下几个方面：1有些研究者仍然把重点放在一些屈折性语言的据素的语法描写上，而这种语法描写只是问题的一个方面，而且对于英语这样非屈折性语言，对据素的语法描写似乎并没有实际意义。2对言据性的研究大多都还停留在词汇和句子层面，在语篇和语类的层面的研究并不充分，尤其对学术语篇中言据性系统性的研究寥寥。3对言据性在语篇中的人际功能的研究很少。

Nutrition solution culture, ICP-AES, the differential centrifugation technique and sequential chemical extraction method, suppression subtractive hybridization , RAPD were used in this thesis to study the mechanisms of copper tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis grown in copper mine deposit which was reported to be a Cu hyperaccumulator, compared with C. communis grown in normal soil. Several aspects were examined, including: difference of copper tolerance and accumulation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil; difference of growth and nutrient accumunation between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; physiological differences between between C. communis grown in copper mine deposit and that grown in normal soil under copper treatment; subcellular distribution and chemical forms of Cu in C. communis; identification of cDNA fragments differentially expressed in C. communis grown in copper mine deposit; genetic diversity and copper tolerance of C. communis, tolerance mechanisms to copper in C. communis are discussed.

中文题名鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理和富集特征研究副题名外文题名 Mechanisms of Cu tolerance and accumulation by Commelina communis 论文作者廖斌导师蓝崇钰束文圣学科专业环境科学研究领域\研究方向学位级别博士学位授予单位中山大学学位授予日期2003 论文页码总数128页关键词重金属污染植物修复超富集植物土壤污染铜污染鸭跖草馆藏号BSLW /2003 /X53 /12 论文以本实验室报道的生长于矿山上的铜超富集植物鸭跖草和生长于正常土壤中的鸭跖草为试验材料，分别运用溶液培养法、ICP-AES元素测定技术、差速离心法和化学试剂逐步提取法、抑制消减杂交技术、RAPD技术研究了矿山和非矿山两种生境鸭跖草对铜的耐性和吸收积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下养分吸收和积累的差异，两种生境鸭跖草在铜胁迫下生理反应的差异，以及铜在鸭跖草细胞内的分布及结合形态研究，矿山鸭跖草差异表达的cDNA克隆，铜对鸭跖草种群遗传分化的影响，从这几个方面探讨了矿山鸭跖草对铜的耐性机理。

Chapter Two reviews former researches on this subject and puts forward the perspective of the writer. Specifically, abroad researches are reflected from sociological, psychological and economical points of view whereas attention is paid to domestic statements in 30s and 80s in the 20th century. Contrastingly, this study pays attention to the influential factors for the formation of prospect in an uncertain situation from socio-psychological, especially socio-cognitive psychological perspective.

第二章则通过回顾对这一问题的相关研究，提出自己的研究视角，具体地说，对国外的研究分别从社会学、心理学和经济学三个方面进行回顾，国内则主要是20世纪三、四十年代的一些论述以及八十年代以后的一些研究，而本研究的视角是从社会心理学尤其是社会认知心理学的角度出发，考察不确定性情景下预期形成的影响因素。

Chapter Two reviews former researches on this subject and puts forward the perspective of the writer. Specifically, abroad researches are reflected from sociological, psychological and economical points of view whereas attention is paid to domestic statements in 30s and 80s in the 20th century. Contrastingly, this study pays attention to the influential factors for the formation of prospect in an uncertain situation from socio-psychological, especially socio-cognitive psychological perspective. Chapter Three deals with the direct association of psychological prospect and the choice of action pattern.

第二章则通过回顾对这一问题的相关研究，提出自己的研究视角，具体地说，对国外的研究分别从社会学、心理学和经济学三个方面进行回顾，国内则主要是20世纪三、四十年代的一些论述以及八十年代以后的一些研究，而本研究的视角是从社会心理学尤其是社会认知心理学的角度出发，考察不确定性情景下预期形成的影响因素。

On the basis of the available related research literature in the overseas and domestic, the paper apllied the method of deduction and reasoning, criterional and experiential research, quality and qualitative analysis, historical summary and realistic comparison research, to study the intrinsic relation between the science and technology innovation and the economic growth by the numbers.

本文在对国内、外的相关研究文献进行梳理的基础上，采用演绎推理、实证研究与规范研究相结合、定性与定量分析相结合和纵向概括与横向比较相结合的研究方法，对科技创新与区域经济增长的内在关系进行了比较系统的研究。

Based on the studied materials of oil fields and outcrops in the northwestern area of China, selecting the most important oil-bearing rservoirs (fiuvial and deltaic sand bodies) in terrestrial facies lacustrine basin, utilizing the theory and method of sedimentology, this paper explores the key problems, which are the studies of depositional model, heterogeneous model and predictable model, in order to present conductive information for the application of corresponding area and similar reservoirs, simultaneously, to deeply promote the organic combination of theory and practise.

本文根据在我国西部地区油田及露头区研究的资料，选取陆相湖盆沉积体系中重要的油气储层类型—河流和三角洲沉积砂体，以沉积学的原理和方法为基础，对油藏研究中的沉积模型、非均质模型和预测模型等热门研究课题进行研究，以指导相关地区类似油藏或储层的精细描述，从而达到使理论研究和生产实践进一步有机地结合。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。