研究

Meanwhile, Foreign Literature is a part of Chinese literature study rather than a part of colonialism of post-colonialism literature, which undeniably embodies the connotation and value of cosmopolitism.

外国文学研究是一种整体性的、综合性的文学研究。外国文学研究不能是殖民文学或后殖民文学的一部分，而应该是中国的文学研究的一部分，这种文学研究应该包含世界性的意义和价值。

The first part mainly introduces the background of this research and the practical significance of demonstration; The second part mainly introduces the gist of this research; The third part mainly introduces the study of the experiments of this teaching material in details; The fourth part mainly introduces the circs of the experiments carried out in senior high school; The fifth part mainly expatiates the experience and the countercharge.

第一部分主要介绍了课题研究背景和现实意义，第二部分主要介绍了研究的理论依据，第三部分介绍了对苏教版高中化学必修教材中"活动与探究"所涉实验的具体研究，第四部分详细介绍了对"活动与探究"所涉实验在中学的实际开设情况的研究，第五部分阐述了研究的体会与反思。

In order to effectively prevent from and strike down crimes, Chinese criminology research in the 21st century should make efforts in the following ways: further strengthening the research on basic theories of criminology so as to supply the decision-making body with the high quality research accomplishments; deepening the monographic study on the problems of crime so as to serve the practice of fighting against crime; improving the approach to research on criminological theories so as to enhanc...

为了更加有效地预防和打击犯罪，2 1世纪的中国犯罪学研究应当做到：进一步加强犯罪问题基础理论研究，为决策层提供高质量的科研成果；深入开展有关犯罪问题的专题研究，为与犯罪作斗争的实践服务；改进犯罪学理论研究的方法，提高犯罪学理论研究的深度与实用性。

If we want to make an effective and rational study of national psychology and a cross-cultural study between national bodies,we must first of all define the basis on which to make the studies as well as the comparisons.

民族心理学研究中一个很大的特色就是跨文化研究，这种研究首先要解决的问题就是在比较研究中研究等值的确定。

Peace research includes violence research, causes of war research, crisis and conflict research, demilitarization research, etc.

研究的对象主要包括暴力研究、战争根源研究、危机冲突研究、非军事化研究等。这里讲的和平，是指世界和平。

First, the article introduces main theories of interest rate transmission mechanism in western countries, and then studies the actuality of the effect of interest rate transmission mechanism in China demonstratively. After that, based on the essential analysis of the efficiency about present transmission mechanism, the article discusses the factors that restrict and influence interest rate transmission mechanism of monetary policy in China, from microeconomic factors and macroeconomic environment respectively. Finally, the article puts forth the reformation target of monetary policy interest rate transmission mechanism and the corresponding innovation proposals to enhance the effect of the interest rate transmission mechanism in China.

本文在借鉴和吸收前人研究成果的基础上，采用了规范性研究和实证研究相结合的方法，构建了关于货币政策利率传导机制有效性研究的合理的分析框架：文章首先介绍了西方货币政策利率传导机制理论，着重分析了这些理论发挥作用的途径和模式；其次，通过各种数据分析了我国货币政策利率传导机制的现状；接着针对我国利率传导机制表现出的独特现象分别从微观因素和宏观环境两个层面研究了弱化其有效性的各种因素；最后，针对上述因素提出了加强我国货币政策利率传导效率的政策建议。

To accelerate the widespread of Synchronous Chip Seal and improve the operation quality of Synchronous Chipsealer, key techniques which influence the operation quality is studied detailedly, including the control of distributing quality, the dynamics characteristics of hydraulic system and the spray characteristics of asphalt nozzle of Synchronous Chipsealer.1 The factors which influence Synchronous Chip Seal quality are studied. Fiducial probability of simultaneous distribution density is advised to be used in evaluating the distribution bias and standard deviation of asphalt and aggregates simultaneously, which is more advanced than the single index evaluation method used before.2 The volume efficiency formula of asphalt pump is revised after analyzing the data of volume efficiency with mathematical statistics, which is helpful to match the asphalt spray system and control the flow out of asphalt pump accurately. With equation deduction and experiment, dynamic of hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is studied, which lay the theory foundation on improving the stability and efficiency from design and controlling.4 Simulation on hydraulic system used in Synchronous Chipsealer is done with AMESim; the results indicate that multi-circle parallel connected hydraulic system with constant pressure power is better than that with load-sensing pressure power at present, because the latter will oscillate when the multi circles work at the same time. This conclusion has been proved during the debug of Synchronous Chipsealer.5 Asphalt nozzle characteristics, such as flat jet shape, flow distribution, are studied with experiment, the results indicate that cross quality of asphalt distributing is not increased linearly follow the increase of fan overlap level, the best point usually exists between two whole overlap level, asphalt distributing quality is better than±4% at the 2.5 overlap level, meets the superior specified in standard; The distribution quality of Synchronous Chipsealer can be increased by spray asphalt of different flow rang with nozzle of different diameter

为了加快同步碎石封层技术的推广，提高同步碎石封层设备的作业质量，本文对同步碎石封层设备作业质量的影响因素与控制方法、液压系统的动力学特性和沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性等关键技术进行了深入细致的研究：1研究了影响同步碎石封层作业质量的因素，提出了采用联合密度分布置信概率对同步碎石封层中沥青洒布量和碎石撒布量的系统偏差和标准差指标进行综合评价的方法，克服了传统评价方法只能对单一指标进行评价的缺陷；2采用数理统计的方法，研究了沥青泵的容积效率特性，修正了沥青泵容积效率公式，为沥青喷洒系统的匹配和沥青泵出口流量的精确控制提供了依据；采用数理方程推导与试验相结合的方法，研究了同步碎石封层设备液压系统的动力学特性，为从设计和控制的角度提高同步碎石封层设备液压系统的稳定性和效率奠定了理论基础；3运用AMESim软件对采用负载敏感控制和恒压控制的两种同步碎石封层设备液压系统进行仿真，结果表明：负载敏感控制的并联液压系统在多回路同时工作时，由于液压泵排量控制参考压力不稳定，容易引发液压系统振荡，恒压控制的并联液压系统是目前技术条件下比较理想的同步碎石封层设备工作装置驱动方案；该结论亦通过同步碎石封层设备装机试验得到了验证。4采用试验的方法对沥青喷嘴的喷洒特性进行了研究，结果表明：沥青洒布的横向精度并不是随着喷洒扇面重叠度的增加线性增加，其最高点通常出现在二个重叠度之间的"半重叠位置"，"2.5重叠"洒布时，沥青的横向洒布精度≤±4%，可以达到国家相关标准中的优级标准；同步碎石封层设备还可以根据不同洒布量情况下的流量需求，采用不同通径的喷嘴进行喷洒，提高沥青洒布精度。

with the development of study on dermatoglyphics,a great deal of published research work indicates that there exists some relationship between skin texture and disease.this paper summarized the research results of der-matoglyphic characteristics of patients.the research results are compared with each other.problems in the research and the research tendency are discussed.

随着皮纹学研究的进展，越来越多的研究表明皮肤纹理变化与疾病之间存在一定联系。本文论述了一些主要疾病的皮纹学改变研究现状，对研究结果作了比较、分析，并对皮纹学在疾病诊断方面的研究所存在的问题和今后研究方向进行了讨论。

In this paper,the research history and status were summarized.The processes of soil nitrogen input,interior transformation and output,including litter return,fertilization,atmosphere desposition,ammonification nitrogen fixation,ammonification,nitrification,denitrification,plant uptake,NH 3 volatilization and NO 3- leaching,were introduced.Finally,the tendency of study on soil nitrogen...

本文综述了森林土壤氮素转化与循环的研究历程和现状；介绍了凋落物的归还、施肥、大气沉降、自生固氮、氨化、硝化、反硝化、植物吸收、NH3 的挥发、NO3 -淋溶等土壤氮素输入、转化和输出的途径和过程；最后从研究目标、研究方法、研究对象和研究内容 4个方面归纳了森林土壤氮素转化与循环的发展趋势。

New ideas and methods in the paper:1 The formulas on perforated casing collapse strength were deducted, which offereda convenient method to analyze the relationship between casing collapse strength and perforation;2 The stress and displacement formulas on the system of casing, cement anddeformation under the non-uniform load were deducted, which offered the theoretical found for designing optimally casing string;3 The relationship between structure in-situ field of whole oil field and casing failurewere studied, which offered the scheme for the prediction of casing failure. The process of study in the paper:1 For simulating the relationship between the structure in-situ field and the casingfailure in the oil-deformation, the tests of the uniaxial tensile, compress, tnaxial compress and dilatability were made on the samples of the drill cores from deformation of casing failure position in Yuejing II oil field.

本文的主要创新： 1推导出了射孔套管抗挤强度的解析式，为分析射孔与套管强度的变化关系提供了简便的方法； 2推导出了非均匀地层载荷作用下套管、水泥环和地层组合体的应力和位移解析式，并非均匀作用下套管柱优化设计提供了理论依据； 3研究整个油田区块构造应力场与套管损坏关系，为预测套管损坏提供了可行方案；本文的研究过程如下： 1为模拟构造应力场与油层段套管损坏关系，做了大量的岩石单轴抗拉、单轴抗压、三轴试验以及岩石遇水膨胀试验，获得了研究区块岩石的弹性模量、泊松比、内聚力、内摩擦角以及岩石的线膨胀系数，这此数据为本文研究油层段套管损坏机理研究的理论分析和有限元法提供了实验数据。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。