研究

Based on the theories of rheology, Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, petroleum chemistry, crystallography and pipeline technology etc. and sampling Huabei crudes, experimental indexes and programmes are drew out, integrating the oil properties and parameter analysis; in terms of the macro analysis of continuum mechanics, substantial experiments are conducted with HAAKE RS600 rotational rheometer and the rheological equation as well as the viscosity-temperature equation are further developed with tested rhrogramme and viscosity-temperature curve, respectively. Beased on the researches on thixotropic mechanism and thixotropy fluid property, hysteresis loop curve, structure failure and viscosity build-up curve as well as shear stress decrement curve for one type oil are first present in this paper. According to the theoretical researches and testing results, a novel thixotropy equation with τ=τ_∞e~ pattern, which is of hi-accuracy, few parameter and simplicity, is developed. Considering the influence of various parameters on rheological behaviour, depressant adding condition is optimized and experimental evaluation on BEM-5P is conducted, which further unrip its mechanism on the Huabei crude. A corresponding viable pipe transportion programmel is also recommended.

本文基于原油流变学、非牛顿流体力学、石油化学、结晶学、原油管输工艺学等理论，以华北原油为研究对象，结合原油物性及实验影响因素分析，制定出实验研究的评价指标及实验方案；从连续介质力学宏观分析的角度，利用HAAKE RS600高端旋转流变仪开展了大量的室内实验，并运用微观研究方法，测定了油样的流变曲线和粘温曲线，建立了流变方程和粘温方程；通过对触变性机理和触变性流体特征的研究，首次对华北原油测定出滞回环曲线、结构破坏与恢复粘时曲线、剪切应力裂降过程曲线，并在理论研究和实验结果的基础之上，建立了能定量描述含蜡原油剪切应力裂降过程的新型三参数触变模式τ=τ_∞e~b/(t+c，该模型具有精度高、参数少、实验简便且适用性强的特点；通过对含蜡原油流变性的影响因素理论研究，开展了加剂条件优选及BEM-5P降凝剂室内评价实验，进一步揭示了降凝剂对华北原油作用机理，在此基础之上，提出了华北原油管输的可行性方案。

Based on the theories of rheology, Non-Newtonian Fluid Mechanics, petroleum chemistry, crystallography and pipeline technology etc. and sampling Huabei crudes, experimental indexes and programmes are drew out, integrating the oil properties and parameter analysis; in terms of the macro analysis of continuum mechanics, substantial experiments are conducted with HAAKE RS600 rotational rheometer and the rheological equation as well as the viscosity-temperature equation are further developed with tested rhrogramme and viscosity-temperature curve, respectively. Beased on the researches on thixotropic mechanism and thixotropy fluid property, hysteresis loop curve, structure failure and viscosity build-up curve as well as shear stress decrement curve for one type oil are first present in this paper. According to the theoretical researches and testing results, a novel thixotropy equationwith τ=τ_∞e~ pattern, which is of hi-accuracy, few parameter and simplicity, is developed.Considering the influence of various parameters on rheological behaviour, depressant adding condition is optimized and experimental evaluation on BEM-5P is conducted, which further unrip its mechanism on the Huabei crude. A corresponding viable pipe transportion programmel is also recommended.

本文基于原油流变学、非牛顿流体力学、石油化学、结晶学、原油管输工艺学等理论，以华北原油为研究对象，结合原油物性及实验影响因素分析，制定出实验研究的评价指标及实验方案；从连续介质力学宏观分析的角度，利用HAAKE RS600高端旋转流变仪开展了大量的室内实验，并运用微观研究方法，测定了油样的流变曲线和粘温曲线，建立了流变方程和粘温方程；通过对触变性机理和触变性流体特征的研究，首次对华北原油测定出滞回环曲线、结构破坏与恢复粘时曲线、剪切应力裂降过程曲线，并在理论研究和实验结果的基础之上，建立了能定量描述含蜡原油剪切应力裂降过程的新型三参数触变模式τ=τ_∞e~b/(t+c，该模型具有精度高、参数少、实验简便且适用性强的特点；通过对含蜡原油流变性的影响因素理论研究，开展了加剂条件优选及BEM-5P降凝剂室内评价实验，进一步揭示了降凝剂对华北原油作用机理，在此基础之上，提出了华北原油管输的可行性方案。

In the dissertation,Guizhou Province andGuiyang.Guizhou Province were selected as the research area and the model region.With theguidance of knowledge discover in database and soil erosion theory,remote sensing and GISwere used to study the senior and the primary method of obtaining the soil erosion message,which are based on unstructural knowledge discover in database.All the methods wereapplied to survey the soil erosion in Guizhou and to monitor the soil erosion change inGuiyang,all of the achievements enhanced the water-soil conservation in the research areaand the model region.

本文在知识发现和土壤侵蚀理论指导下，应用遥感和地理信息系统技术，选择贵州省为研究区，贵州省贵阳市为研究样区，进行了基于非结构性知识发现的土壤侵蚀信息提取方法初级方式和高级方式的研究，并把它们应用到研究区和研究样区的土壤侵蚀调查和土壤侵蚀动态监测工作中，促进了研究区的水土保持工作。

Additionally, the paper used the Markovian transfer matrix, the trade competitiveness index, dominant comparative advantage index, and some other statistical indicators and descriptive methods,which were either rarely used or studied unsystematically in the previous research.

另外，本文对畜产品竞争力的研究也更加注重研究方法的系统化和科学化，不仅应用了扩展的CMS模型对畜产品出口竞争力效应进行了详细分析，还采用马尔科夫转移矩阵、贸易竞争力指数、显性比较优势指数等统计指标及其他描述统计方法对畜产品的竞争力及地位等进行了比较和验证，这些研究方法的综合应用使本文的研究更具充分性和科学性，而这恰是在以往的畜产品竞争力研究中运用较少或研究得不够系统的地方。

The geology research of carbonate reservoirs in Ordovician of Tahe oilfield showed that many large dissolved vugs and fractures were developed. The spread of the reservoir take on a very heterogeneous state. And the typical fractured-vuggy reservoirs was formed. According to the combination of the various spaces, the formation was divided into vuggy formation, fractured-vuggy formation and fractured formation. The research showed that development of the vug is relevant to the its position on the structure, the fractures, the water surface and the weathering surface. Multi-phase charge and recharge of the oil in the reservoirs resulted in the complexity of the fluid distribution. So the"Bottle Model"was brought forward to explain the movement of the water-oil contact. The special storage space and the complex fluid distribution lead to the unstability of the production and the complexity of the water cut. In order to explain the characteristic of the fracture-vug unit was brought forward and the basic principle and method of the partition of the fracture-vug unit was formed. The classification and evaluation of the units were performed according the reserve and energy. Based on the research of geology characteristic and the fluid flow in the reservoir the comprehensive numerical simulation plan of the fractured-vuggy reservoirs were established. Through the selection of the simulation unit, fluid flow type and parameter equivalent the triple media reservoir simulation model was established. Considering the practical application the model was resolved by the DKR decomposition conjugate grads method. Based on the fine reservoir description of Dsitrict IV of the Tahe oilfield the various space type were classified and combined together. The geology model of Unit S48 was constructed. Two typical single well model was established according to the geology and the dynamic phenomena. Finally the single well model and the Unit S48 were simulated by the triple media reservoir simulator. Via the local grid refinement and coarsening in the simulation good matchs were gained. Based on the results of the simulation the reserve distribution, percent of reserve produced in various space and the natural energy were analyzed. The fluid was storaged in the fractures and vugs mostly and more than 90% the produced oil came from the systems. The energy belonged to the active one. The results of simulation accorded with the fact and showed the validity and practicability the research and the simulator.

塔河油田奥陶系碳酸盐岩油藏的地质研究表明，其储层中发育着很多大型的溶蚀洞、缝，储层的平面展布呈现出极度的非均质性，形成了典型的缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏，根据各种孔隙介质在储层中的组合，将储层分为了溶洞型、裂缝-溶洞型和裂缝型三类；研究表明溶洞储层的发育和构造位置、裂缝的发育、潜水面和风化面的位置等因素有关；多期充注的油气成藏模式导致了流体复杂的赋存状态，由此提出了所谓的&瓶子模型&，解释生产过程中油水界面的变化；特殊的储集空间类型和流体分布特征导致油田在开发过程中表现出很大的不确定性和含水变化的复杂性，为了合理的解释油气田开发过程中的动态特征，提出了&缝洞单元&的概念，并制定了&缝洞单元&纵横向划分的基本原则和依据及划分方法，并对&缝洞单元&进行了分类和评价；基于地质特征和流体在其中流动规律的研究，提出了缝洞型碳酸盐岩油藏的数值模拟综合解决方案，通过模拟单元的选择、流动类型和参数的等效，建立了三重介质油藏三维三相数值模拟模型，采用不完全LU分解预处理共轭梯度法进行了求解；在塔河油田4区精细油藏描述的基础上，将各种类型的孔隙空间进行了归类组合，建立了S48单元的地质模型；通过对油井生产动态进行分析研究，建立了两类和油井地质、生产动态相对应的单井模型；最后应用三重介质油藏数值模拟软件对单井模型和S48单元进行了数值模拟，通过局部加密和粗化等技术模拟流体流动规律，取得了很好的拟合效果；结合数值模拟结果，分析了各种介质中的储量分布、储量产出的百分比以及地层的能量，认为塔河油田缝洞型油藏中流体绝大多数储集于缝洞系统之中，所产出流体90%以上也来自于缝洞系统，其底水能量属于较充足的类型；模拟结果和油田实际情况符合较好，说明了地质研究和油藏数值模拟研究的正确性。

They are expected to be able to understand the medical literature with the help of dictionaries, get good command of reading skills, get to know the characteristics and structure of medical documents, be familiar with the patterns of medical papers and keep the frequently used medical terms in mind.

在阅读文献的过程中，学生还能够学习掌握医学知识及医学词汇构词特点。学生能够通过医学文献阅读中所获得的知识加深对学术研究的理解，了解什么是研究热点以及研究是如何进行的。从而为实际的临床研究提供切入点，培养敏锐的研究嗅觉，并能为所进行的实际研究提供佐证。

Four aspects are studied in this paper: the study of non-linear syllable theory of the analysis ofdengyunxue of the syllabic structure of Chinese character, the study of the distinctive feature theory of the four types of the articulation of initials, the study of the markedness theory of the devoicing of the fully voiced initials and the study of the feature geometry theory of the correlates between the devoicing of the fully voiced initials and tonal change. Through our studies, conclusions can be drawn as follows:(1) Contemporary phonological theories can be used to elucidate the principle of Chinese dengyunxue;(2) Contemporary phonological theories can be used to explain the historical phonetic change of Chinese;(3) Different theories and methods of contemporary phonology should be applied to deal with different problems of Chinese phonology;(4) The application of contemporary phonological theories to the study of the historical phonetic change of Chinese is helpful to test and verify the universalizability of these theoretical hypotheses

通过对等韵字音结构分析的非线性音节理论研究、声纽四等的区别特征理论研究、全浊声母清化的标记理论研究和浊音清化与声调演变相互关系的特征架构理论研究等四项初探，揭示了：（1）当代音系理论可以阐明汉语等韵学学理；（2）当代音系理论可以解释汉语历史音变现象；（3）不同的汉语音韵问题，应该用不同的当代音系理论方法来研究；（4）当代音系理论在汉语历史音变研究中的运用，有助于验证其理论假设的普适性

Differenced from the previous studies,the new features in this paper are :to control for the impact on stock price of dividend policy that is issued with audit opinion at the same time;to seperate samples by each year and type of audit opinion;set the normal study windows and abnormal study windows.

与以前的研究工作相比，本文的研究特色为：考虑剔除与审计意见一同发布的股利分配预案对股价的影响；对研究样本数据进行分年度、分审计意见类型研究；采用常规研究窗口和非常规研究窗口相结合的方法。

Chapter One: sketches the research motive and research approach of this thesis, and Introspects and ponders over the current situation of this proposition, trying to reveal the research expectation of this text. Chapter Two and Chapter Three is summing up the dance images of Shandong Stone Relief of the Han Dynasty. Chapter Four is attempting to making a research the dance images by using the method of archaeological typology. In the final conclusion, the content of the foregoing into order is summarized, and the value and meaning of this thesis to the study of the Chinese dance history is emphasized.

全文共分四章：第一章简述论文的研究动机、研究方法，对本论题的研究现状进行反省与思考，继而说明本文的研究期望；第二章与第三章梳理、归纳山东汉画像石中的乐舞画像；第四章对乐舞画像的具体分类研究；最后为结束语，总结内容旨要，并兼论该论文对于中国舞蹈史研究的价值与意义。

They contributed for promoting the development of teaching to be professional.In China, the study of teachers" behavior has just began. The previous researchers mostly concentrated on the introduction and rearrangement of the foreign achievements, lacking naturalizing and practical researching. So they can"t guide teachers practically.

我国在教师教学行为研究这一领域还处在起步阶段，以往的研究多是集中在引进、整合国外研究成果的层面，缺乏对这些研究的本土化，缺少对教师的思维与外显行为之间的关系及作用形式方面的研究以及大量的实证性研究，因此也就缺乏对教师实质性的指导。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。