研究...

Dr. Huang's research areas are numerical simulation and analysis in atmospheric optics, including laser beam propagation in the atmosphere, light scatting by non-spherical particles, and optical property of aerosol particles. His current research projects are mainly supported by the national high technology research and developing project.

目前主要承担国家863计划有关激光大气传输的研究课题、科技部科技基础性工作专项、国防实验室基金、所长基金等多项研究项目，主要研究方向为：激光大气传输物理及数值模拟研究、光辐射和图像的大气传播以及大气气溶胶光学特性研究等。

Accomplishments with this old type of development were mostly measured at the nation, aggregate level in terms of economic growth. A rising new paradigm led to more stress being placed upon achieving greater equality in socio-economic benefits of development, upon the social as well as the economic dimensions of development, and to other fundamental changes in development (such as strewing decentralized participation).

在中国大陆第一次采用比较严格的定量研究方法对中国乡村地区的大众传播各个环节进行了比较系统的调查分析，获得了大量的实证资料，在国际传播学研究，填补了有关中国研究这一重要部分的空白； 3）运用定量与定性研究相结合的方法，对一些传播及发展传播的理论问题进行了比较深入的研究，获得了一些新的发展，有利于传播学这门学科在我国的深入和推广。

From the author's point of view in this paper, there have two aspects why the research method and production of complex networks are introduced to information science: The first aspect is the subject character of information science ---- multi-subject's intersection and syncretizing; the other aspect come from complex networks character—it's research method and concept are widely used in many subjects.

本文把复杂网络的研究方法和研究成果引入到情报学的研究领域，主要有两方面的原因：一方面是情报学的学科特点—与多学科交叉融合的属性；另一方面是复杂网络理论本身的特点—它的研究方法、概念及模型被广泛地应用于各学科应用研究。

The research view is what kinds of rights will become antecedent rights of brand right, in other words, is to study possible kinds of antecedent rights.

本文对于在先权利的研究有别于其他关于在先权利的研究：本文的研究方向很明确，只是从哪些权利可以成为商标权的在先权利的角度进行研究，换句话说，是对在先权利尽可能存在的类型进行研究。

The research direction and tasks ate to solve the great technical problems of sugar beet and sugar industry: improve sugar beet root yield per unit and sugar content, lower the power consumption and material expenditure, bring the three wastes under control, apply computer techniques, enhance base study and technical development, promote the advancement of sugar beet and sugar industry and change the institute in-to the center of research, determination, standardization, information and training.

研究方向和任务是：解决甜菜和制糖行业的重大技术问题。甜菜研究重点是提高单产和含糖；制糖研究重点是节能降耗，三废治理和微机应用技术。同时加强综合性基础研究与开发。推动行业的技术进步，成为行业研究、检测、标准、信息、培训中心。

This article is based on the arrangement and appraisal of academic thought and practice of Richard Hoggart—the founder of the Birmingham School of Cultural Studies, trying to explore the historical background of the rise and development of British Cultural Studies, and investigating the basic academic position and the research characteristic of the early cultural studies.

本文将以教育这一特殊视角来探寻西方文化研究的源头，在当时英国知识分子的知识实践和时代追问中理解文化研究产生的必然性及其重大意义，置身于当时的历史文化语境，对伯明翰学派的奠基者——理查德·霍加特的学术思想和教育实践进行梳理和评价，试图发掘英国文化研究兴起及发展的历史机缘和时代意义，并以此来进一步探究早期文化研究的基本学术主张和研究特色。

The study of the Chamber of Commerce history has attracted more and more Chinese and foreign scholars' attention in the recent 20 years,which also becomes one of the focuses in China's modern history and studies as well as promotes the progresses in city history,economic history,social history,modernized history to the great extent.

近20年来，中国商会史研究越来越为中外学者所瞩目，成为中国近代史研究的热点之一，并在很大程度上促进了城市史、经济史、社会史、现代化史诸研究领域的进展。换言之，商会史研究的开展是与改革、开放后新史学的构建相同步的，商会史研究中的突破体现了新史学所取得的进展。

A practical and effective solution is to break the complicated pulse electric-explode wave problem into pieces, then solve it with different theory method according to the character of each piece.

纵观液电效应几十年来的研究、发展过程，不难发现人们对液电效应的研究一直是把它放在高压强流脉冲技术理论范畴来研究，把它作为高压强流脉冲技术一个分支加以研究的，这一理论框架严重限制了液电效应理论和应用研究的发展和深入。

In order to study the intake air flow characteristics in four-valve diesel engines, in this dissertation hot-wire anemometer and PIV twodimension instantaneous measuring technique are used. Extensive experimental study on two intake valve exit flow fields and longitudinal section flow field in cylinder are performed for different type of diesel engines. Great researching progress have been made on the interaction between two intake ports, and the formation process of in-cylinder swirl and flow field structure of cross and longitudinal section for four valve diesel engines. These results are presented in China for the first time and without such kind of research work reported abroad as detailed and deepgoing as this dissertation. The author designs and makes a set of hot wire measuring velocity device to measure the velocity distribution around the intake valve annulus and the cross section flow field in cylinder.

为了研究四气门柴油机进气过程中气体流动的变化规律，本文利用热线测速和PIV二维瞬态测速技术，对四气门柴油机两进气门出口全圆周流速场和缸内横、纵剖面的气体流动流场进行了大量的试验研究，在四气门柴油机两进气道之间相互影响的变化规律，缸内涡流的形成过程及缸内横、纵剖面流场结构等方面取得了重大的研究进展，这一研究工作在国内尚属首次，在国外也未见有如此全面、深入的研究报道。

The innovation in the paper: First, it combines the higher education research and the population economic structure research together, searches the best meet-point of higher education research among different subjects, broadens the field and vision of cross research between higher education and closed subject from the horizontal dimension. Second, it discusses the basic relationship between higher education development and the components of population economic structure theoretically at the micro-level; moreover, it analyzes the correlation modes, existing problems between them in Henan Province, and provides the corresponding countermeasures. Third, it takes in the methods of quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis as a body..

论文的创新之处在于：一、把高等教育研究和人口经济结构研究相结合，在不同学科间寻找高等教育研究的最佳切合点，从横向层面拓宽了高等教育与相邻学科间进行交叉研究的领域和视野；二、从人口经济结构的微观层面，在理论上探讨了高等教育发展与人口经济结构诸组成部分间的基本关系，并以河南省为研究对象，细化分析了二者间的关联模式和存在的问题，提出了相应对策；三、融定量分析与定性分析于一体。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！