砂屑的

Basal synthem is the Taishan mountain group in archaean, is mainly the gneiss; The paleozoic synthem besides the regional lost stratas: Upper Ordovician, Silurian-Devonian and Lower Carboniferous, other stratas have the distribution, divides into Cambro-ordovician and Permo-Carboniferous two structure subgroups. Cambro-ordovician is a set of carbonate construction, Permo-Carboniferous system is a set contains the coal clastic rock deposition; In the mesozoic synthem lost Upper Triassic and Upper Crataceous ,growth Middle-Lower Triassic and Middle-Lower Jurassic and Lower Crataceous three structure subgroups, main growth varicolored land facies clastic rock, discovered rich fossil data such as cryptogam ,Ostracoda and Chareae and so on.

基底构造层指太古界泰山群，主要为片麻岩；古生界构造层除区域性缺失的上奥陶统、志留-泥盆系和下石炭统外，其余地层均有分布，分为冷武-奥陶系和石炭-二叠系两个构造亚层，冷武-奥陶系为一套碳酸盐建造，石炭-二叠系为一套含煤碎屑岩沉积；中生界构造层缺失上三叠统和上白垩统，发育下-中三叠统、下-中侏罗统和上侏罗-下白垩统三个构造亚层，为杂色陆相碎屑岩，发现丰富的孢粉、介形类、轮藻等化石；新生界古近系岩性以砂泥岩互层为主，含薄层油页岩，新近系-第四系为一套河流相沉积。

The high porosity zone occurrence of the Tertiary reservoir composed of clastic rocks in the Yuanyanggou region is controlled by diageneses and sedimentary facies, lying in the early diagenetic stage A ~ the late diagenetic stage A1 and the area of the sandstones developing in debouch bar, braided-divided flow channel, raised bank and channel bar is namely high porosity zone development of the lower Shasan Member (Es33) and the upper-middle Shasan Member (Es31-2); furthermore, lying in the late diagenetic stage A2 and the area of the sandstones developing in debouch bar, braided-divided flow channel, raised bank and channel bar is namely high porosity zone comparative development of the lower Shasan Member (Es3) and the upper-middle Shasan Member (Es31-2), the physical property of the reservoir is relatively worse.

鸳鸯沟地区第三系碎屑岩储层高孔带分布受成岩作用和沉积相的控制，处于早成岩阶段A期～晚成岩阶段A_1期，且有河口坝、辫状分流河道、天然堤和心滩沉积微相砂体发育的区域即为该区沙三下亚段和沙三中上亚段储层高孔带的发育区；而处于晚成岩阶段A_2期，且沉积相也为河口坝、辫状分流河道、天然堤和心滩沉积微相砂体发育的区域即为鸳鸯沟地区沙三下亚段和沙三中上亚段储层高孔带的较发育区，储层物性相对较差。

The Es2-3 Member with buried depth more than 3500m in Banqiao-Beidagang area, consists of clastic rocks, develops a sedimentary system mainly containing deep-water turbidite fan,fan delta and alluvial digitate sand bar.

板桥—北大港地区深层（3500m以下深度）沙二段、沙三段发育以深水浊积扇、扇三角洲和冲积扇指状砂坝为主的碎屑岩沉积体系。

A triangular diagram with the contents of gravel, sand, and mud as the three end members for textural classification of terrigenous sedimentary rocks is put forward and is applied to the classification of the rocks of Nantuo Formation in Siduping, which is classified as "diamictite," breccia, graywacke, silty mudstone erc.

文中提出以砾、砂、泥作三端员成分进行陆源沉积岩结构分类的三角图解方案，并用于四都坪南沱组岩石的划分，将其划分为杂屑岩、角砾岩、杂砂岩、粉砂质泥岩等。

According to core observation and description, many deformation structures with seismite characteristics are recognized within sandstone and shale sedimentary strata of Paleogene continental faulted basin in Yangxin Subsag, such as micro-faults, earthquake fissures, liquefaction sandstone veins, water-escape structure, vibrational liquefaction deformation structure, seismic pillow structure and associated structure, etc. The vertical sequence of seismites in Yangxin Subsag, in ascending order, is underlying unshocked layer, micro-faults layer, autoclastic shattered breccia layer, vibrational liquefaction deformation structure layer, seismic pillow structure and associated structure layer, liquefied homogeneous layer and overlying unshocked layer, which corresponds to different earthquake intensity respectively.

通过岩心观察和描述，在阳信洼陷古近系陆源碎屑断陷湖盆砂泥质沉积地层中识别出大量具有震积岩特征的变形构造，如微断层和震裂缝、水下岩脉和泄水构造、振动液化卷曲变形构造、震积枕状层及伴生构造等，同时建立了阳信洼陷震积岩垂向序列，自下而上分别是下伏未震层段、微断层层段、震碎角砾岩段、振动液化卷曲变形层段、震积砂枕及伴生构造层段、液化均一层段和上覆未震层段。

The main lithologic characteristic is that the rock types are dominated by light-colored clastic rocks reflecting the oxidation environment with a low maturity. The grain size distribution and sedimentary structure show that the rocks have the sedimentary characters of both gravity currents and tractional currents. Plant fragments are lacking and bioturbation structures are abundant and cyclic. Sandbodies are distributed in a ring shape.

其主要岩性特征为：岩石类型以反映氧化环境的浅色碎屑岩类为主，成熟度较低，粒度分布和沉积构造反映其兼有重力流和牵引流的沉积特点，植物碎屑贫乏而生物扰动构造丰富且具周期性，砂体呈环带状分布。

According to the analysis of features of the key outcrop sequence stratigraphy, build the sequence frame, through the section comparison, and the study of feature of the 5 key outcrops, then it can be concluded that, conglomerate on the denudation plane or the other contrastive sediment are the main features surrounding the bottom border of the sequence. In the foreland basin sediment environment, the transilient group of mud rock and sandstone are the main sediment features of low-stand system tract. Thick mud rock and sandstone interbedded is the chief component of transgressive system tract, sometimes together with thick turbidity current sandstone; High-stand system tract is composed by the combination of mud rock and sandstone interbedded, with the progradation as its main style. Maximum flooding surface Sediment are usually mudstone, and the thickness is different from each other.

依据关键露头剖面高精度层序特征分析，通过剖面对比建立高精度等时层序地层格架，通过对5条关键露头剖面的详细高精度层序特征分析，认识到：剥蚀面上的粗碎屑岩或与之可区域对比的其它沉积是层序底部边界附近的主要沉积特征；在盆地沉积环境中，砂泥岩发育，厚层、块状砂岩与泥质岩类的突变组合是低位体系域的主要沉积特征；湖进体系域以厚层泥岩夹砂岩为主，有时夹厚度较大的重力流砂体；高位体系域为砂泥互层沉积组合，以进积式叠加样式为主；最大湖泛面多为泥岩，但其厚薄不一。

Third, the abruption of margin of the basin influences the supply of the terrigenous chippings and controls the mode of the sedimentary body system, mode of the sand origin, area and temporal hour evolution and characters of distribution.

第三，影响着物源的碎屑供给，进而控制着沉积体系类型，砂体成因类型及时空演化和分布特征。

Nowadays,sheet pile wall has been widely used in the field of civil engineering. But it has little applications for the stabilization and protection of sand-sliding slope which composed by granular clast.

：桩板墙在土木工程领域应用较为广泛，但在粒状碎屑溜砂坡防治工程中的应用却不多。

On the basis of the researching of facies、 petrology、 cathodoluminescence analysis, this paper concludes that the terrigenous clastics in Pingyipu Formation were mostly originated from Motianling palaeo-peninsula lied to its north, and sands in distributary channels、 braidedriver in estuaries、 deltas and in littoral zone in hybrids could be derived from Middle-Sichuan Palaeoland with Peng-Guan Highland.

对早中泥盆世浑水陆源碎屑沉积及混合沉积的沉积相、岩石学、阴极发光等研究分析，作者推测，该区陆源碎屑主要来自北边的摩天岭古半岛，而分流河道、辫状河充填及混积滨岸砂则可能以川中古陆和彭灌高地为主要源区。这一点与过去通常认为的主要来自彭灌岛和轿子顶古岛差别较大。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。