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Integrating trellis-coded modulation with threaded algebraic space–time block code, trellis-coded modulation space-time block code is presented, which has the advantage of full-diversity and small detection delay. Based on TCM pre-processing, the minimum distance between different codeword matrixes of the TCMST block code is maximized, so the average bit error rate of the TCMST block code is lower than that of the TAST block code at the same signal noise ratio.

TCMST分组码具有满发送分集度和检测延迟小等优点；由于采用了TCM预处理，使得不同TCMST分组码码字矩阵间的最小距离达到了最大化，因此在相同信噪比情况下，TCMST分组码具有比TAST分组码更低的平均误比特率。

Recently, many coding experts have studied much of the Z_4-cyclic code(which is not necessarily linear) and its Gray map, and obtained a set of equivalent conditions in which a family of cyclic codes are linear, and the condition that this family codes are self-dual cyclic, and in this condition Nechaev-Gray image of the cyclic codes are self-dual cyclic.

近年来，已有编码学家对Z 4-循环码和Z 4上的映射作了深入研究，得到一类循环码是线性码的一系列等价条件，以及这类线性码是自对偶线性循环码的条件，在此条件下它的Nechaev-Gray像也是自对偶线性循环码。

In the proposed algorithm, firstly the Hadamard transform was applied to all the codewords in the codebook and the input vector. Then the initial match codeword was selected from the codeword whose norm was nearest to the norm of input vector on Hadamard transform. Furthermore, the triangle inequalities with multiple control vectors and the two elimination criteria were utilized to reject mismatch codewords. Finally, the best-match codeword to the input vector was found.

该算法首先计算出每个码字和输入矢量的哈德码变换，然后为输入矢量选取范数距离最近的初始匹配码字，利用多控制点的三角不等式和两条有效的码字排除准则，把不匹配的码字排除，最后选取与输入矢量最匹配的码字。

In this study, the brill pos tagger and the claws7 pos tagger have been used to assign pos tags to the same set of transcribed spoken data produced by a high-proficiency group and a low-proficiency group of efl learners. the pos tags have then been manually examined, and the success rates of the taggerscompared.

本研究采用brill和claws7两种词性赋码器分别为高低分组学习者口语语料进行自动赋码，统计赋码准确率，并比较两种赋码器对学习者口语特征的处理能力，目的在于考察基于规则的词性赋码器和基于概率的词性赋码器对学习者口语语料进行自动词性赋码的适用度，以期为中介语口语的句法特点研究提供依据。

The general decoding method for Turbo codes provided by the invention adopts enhanced Max-Log-MAP algorithm, makes use of Max-Sum semiring property in the generalized distribution law and combines and simplifies measure and calculation of forward and backward status of traditional binary Turbo codes, which means combining grid graph of traditional binary Turbo codes in nature to ensure that the status measure and calculation of the traditional binary Turbo codes have the same calculation expression way with that of the duobinary Turbo codes so that a general decoding device can both decode the traditional binary Turbo codes and duobinary Turbo codes.

本发明提出的Turbo码通用译码方法采用增强型Max-Log-MAP算法，利用广义分配率中的Max-Sum半环性质，对传统二进制Turbo码的前向和后向状态度量计算进行合并简化，从本质上也就是对传统二进制Turbo码的网格图进行合并，使得传统二进制Turbo码的状态度量具有和双二进制Turbo码一样的计算表达方式，从而使得通用译码装置对于传统二进制Turbo码和双二进制Turbo码都可实现。

This module is not only suit for decoding a concatenated code with non RSCs as its constituent codes, but also it can provide soft information output of both codeword and information bits, so it can be applied to decoding a Turbo code and joint detection and decoding. Taking into consideration serial and parallel concatenated Turbo code, the author proposes a combined code, with 2 outer codes and 2 inner cods as its constituent codes, i.e., 2×2 Woven code.

本文的第三章研究编码技术，在前人研究成果的基础上，为了模块化地对此级联码进行迭代译码，提出了一种模块化的软输入软输出四端口处理模块，此模块可用来处理非RSC卷积码为子码的级联码，并且可以提供码字和信息比特的软信息输出，是一种模块化很强的处理模块，可用于传统的Turbo码的迭代译码，尤其在迭代均衡和迭代检测的系统中并把它运用到B3G的系统设计中。

In chapter three, the author studies channel coding and decoding techniques, that is Woven codes. On the basis of other researchers'results, the author presents a four-port soft input and soft output module, in order to facilitate iterative decoding process of concatenated codes. This module is not only suit for decoding a concatenated code with non RSCs as its constituent codes, but also it can provide soft information output of both codeword and information bits, so it can be applied to decoding a Turbo code and joint detection and decoding. Taking into consideration serial and parallel concatenated Turbo code, the author proposes a combined code, with 2 outer codes and 2 inner cods as its constituent codes, i.e., 2×2 Woven code.

本文的第三章研究编码技术，在前人研究成果的基础上，为了模块化地对此级联码进行迭代译码，提出了一种模块化的软输入软输出四端口处理模块，此模块可用来处理非RSC卷积码为子码的级联码，并且可以提供码字和信息比特的软信息输出，是一种模块化很强的处理模块，可用于传统的Turbo码的迭代译码，尤其在迭代均衡和迭代检测的系统中并把它运用到B3G的系统设计中。

Findings of the study support liang's conclusion that the probability-based tagger is more viable and less affected by the proficiency level of the learners. besides, the taggers are also examined for their ability to handle spoken features in the texts. it is revealed that pauses, repetitions and sentence fragments in learners' transcribed spoken data seriously affect the performance of the rule-based tagger.

研究结果与梁茂成对中国学生书面语赋码准确率的考察结果基本一致，基于概率的词性赋码器更适用于为学习者口语语料进行自动赋码，赋码准确率较高且性能稳定，其赋码准确率受学习者口语语言水平影响不大，而基于规则的词性赋码器受学习者语言水平和口语特征（停顿、重复、缺乏语法性等）的影响较大。

When code stream is passing through the decoder for variable length code, first, prefix analyzer is utilized to find packet information so as to obtain length of current code and pseudo base address; then, four least significant bits of the code are added to pseudo base address through accumulator so as to obtain address of the code in code table.

码流经过可变长码解码器时，首先使用前缀分析器查找分组信息，得到当前码字的长度和伪基础地址，然后使用累加器把这个码字的最低4位和伪基础地址相加，获得该码字在码表中的地址，从而获得解码信息，完成解码。

Firstly, the image isencoded as normal. Then it reallocates the bits allocated for ROI and background. Bythis way, ROI can achieve higher performance. Data may be damaged or missed while transmitted in internet or wireless channel.

DIRC算法在各编码层对ROI和背景分别设定目标码率，在最终形成的码流中感兴趣区域码块其在各层的截止门限由高码率确定，而背景码块对应的截止门限由低码率决定。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。