矿相显微镜

Coke properties has been studied by high temperature SiC oven、infrared gas analyzer and X-ray diffraction. First set forward the relationship between UPC and coke reactivity, strength, fine coke and coke graphitization, and creatively find the graphitization degree of coke tends to 100% when temp. reaches to 1350℃ UPC is profitableness to coke properties;②The effect of UPC on liquid slag distribution and flow functions in experiment oven has been studied by mathematics simulation The effect of UPC on taking shape and dropping of high titanium-bearing B. F. slag has been studied by using high temp. oven simulation cohesive zone and dropping zone of blast furnace.

为了弄清楚这部分UPC对高炉冶炼钒钛磁铁矿过程的影响，①在实验室利用高温SiC炉、红外线气体分析仪、X—射线衍射仪等进行了一系列UPC对焦炭性能及石墨化度的影响研究，提出了UPC与焦炭反应性、抗压强度、粉化性能及焦炭石墨化度之间的关系，创造性的发现高炉内1350℃以上，焦炭的石墨化度已达100％，UPC对焦炭性能的影响有益而无一害；②采用数学模拟方式研究了UPC对实验炉内液态渣分布及流函数的影响，并利用高温熔滴炉模拟高炉软熔带、滴落带研究UPC对高钛渣滴落性能的影响，采用旋转式粘度计测定滴落渣性能并通过高倍矿相显微镜观察了滴落渣的矿物结构。

In the first part, it was investigated the interaction between Pb2+ and La4Ti9O24 ceramic bulk. The result shows that a significant Pb2+ diffusion into La4Ti9O24 ceramic bulk and a significant crystallization of the La2/3TiO3-type phase is clearly observed in the Pb2+ diffusion layer. The reacted zone consists of the La2/3TiO3-type phase exhibits the linear dependence of the square of the thickness, x, on the heat-treated time, t, in excellent agreement with the parabolic law x2 = kt, where k is the growth rate coefficient. The kinetic study thus indicates that the Pb2+/La4Ti9O24 interaction strictly obeys the theory of the reactive diffusion. Furthermore, the experimental k values were used to determine the associated activation energy, Ea, for the formation of La2/3TiO3-type phase using the Arrhenius plot and the following least-square equation, ln =-Ea/RT + A, where T is the annealing temperature, R is the universal gas constant, and A is a constant, resulting in Ea ~ 607 ?b 60 kJ/mol.

首先， 以巨观的方式观察PbO与La4Ti9O24陶瓷体介面的反应现象；利用X-ray绕射分析以及扫描式电子显微镜来观察不同的热处理温度以及不同的持温时间所制作的样品，研究结果发现， Pb2+离子会渗入到La4Ti9O24陶瓷内，同时在Pb2+离子所渗入的区域内会产生新的La2/3TiO3-type钙钛矿斜方晶相；藉由量测不同温度与时间之样品，其因Pb2+离子渗入而产生之La2/3TiO3-type相层厚度之关系，符合反应式扩散机制中 x2 = kt 之关系式(其中 x：扩散层厚度； k：反应速率常数； t：反应时间)；进一步将不同实验条件所得到之反应速率常数值代入Arrhenius方程式ln (k =-Ea/RT + A ，其中Ea：活化能； T：绝对温度； R：气体反应常数； A：常数，可以求得Pb2+离子与La4Ti9O24陶瓷发生反应式扩散所需之活化能为607 ± 60 kJ/mol。

The results showed that:①the crystalline phases are mainly the cuspidine, wollastonite and gehlenite with nepheline, fluorite and olivine also found in some samples under the experimental conditions;②with the bacisity and CaF_2 content increased, crystalline proportion of mold flux rises .

熔融保护渣在MoSi2高温电阻炉内以2℃/min降温速率冷却至室温，制成薄片，采用岩相显微镜分析保护渣的结晶矿相·结果表明：在本实验条件下，结晶矿相主要有枪晶石，硅灰石，黄长石，个别渣样有霞石，萤石，橄榄石；增大保护渣碱度，能促进保护渣结晶；随着渣中CaF2，Na2O，K2O和Li2O质量分数的增大，保护渣结晶化率增大；随着渣中Al2O3，MgO，BaO和MnO质量分数的增大，保护渣结晶化率减小

In this work, nanostructure samples of La1-xCaxMnO3（x=0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5）were prepared by hydrothermal-precipitation method . The structural characterization of the powder samples were done by X-ray diffraction. XRD patterns showed that all the samples ate single perovskite-type phase withoutother impurity or secondary phase. The shape and size of samples were performed on Scanning Electron Microscopy. SEM photographs investigated that temperature of hydrothermal effects the phase of samples and alkalinity of the reaction mixture by ΔTad-T curve measurement device at low magnetic fielded

本论文采用水热共沉淀退火法制备了La1-xCaxMnO3（x=0.2、0.3、0.4、0.5）系纳米结构，用X射线衍射仪确定产物为单相钙钛矿结构，无任何杂峰及第二相；用扫描电子显微镜与透射电子显微镜分析了产物的大小和形貌，发现水热温度对产物的形成起决定作用，随着温度的升高，产物由薄膜状向丝状转变，而溶液的碱度可控制产物的形貌和大小，当碱度为6.35mol/L，水热温度为240 C时，La0.6Ca0.4MnO3的主要形貌为纳米丝并有少量纳米颗粒，纳米丝平均直径为40nm；最后测量了粉末样品在低磁场（1.4T）下的磁热效应，发现水热共沉淀退火法制备样品的最大绝热温度明显高于球磨法制备样品的最大绝热温变。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。