矿物的

The presence of REE tetrad effects in apatites and whole rocks of S-type granites has been reported by Sha and Chappell (1999) and Zhao et al.(1999), respectively. The REE tetrad effect in minerals, such as apatite, spessartite, beryl, alkali feldspar and spodumene, from all zones of Altay No. 3 pegmatite has been found remarkable, and the fractionations among isovalent incompatible elements in these minerals are also significant. This paper puts forward that the REE tetrad effect is one of the basic features of peraluminous melts and the origin of REE tetrad effect might be probably related to some processes prior to the formation of pegmatite magma. The immiscibile liquid separation between silicate melt and hydrosaline melt may be responsible for it.

由于阿尔泰3号伟晶岩脉各带磷灰石以及与其共生的石榴石、绿柱石、碱性长石、锂辉石矿物均存在明显的稀土"四重效应"以及相同电价、相似离子半径的不相容元素间存在显著的分异，并结合最近赵振华等(1999)和Sha and Chappell(1999)报道S型花岗岩全岩和单矿物(磷灰石、独居石、长石、黄玉等)均存在稀土"四重效应"这一现象，本文研究提出，稀土"四重效应"是富挥发分过铝质岩浆体系的一个基本特征，其机制既不可能由含稀土的副矿物早期结晶引起残余熔体相中REE含量变化的结果，也不能定性地归因于流体相与熔体相相互作用过程中稀土元素在流体/熔体之间分异的结果，而很可能与伟晶岩岩浆形成之前某些过程密切相关，S型花岗岩岩浆在液相线以上存在硅酸盐熔体与高盐熔体的不混溶液相分离有可能是过铝质岩浆体系产生稀土"四重效应"的主要原因。

The company specialized production enrichment plant, provides the technical process, the dressing experiment, the installment instructs the www.lzkysb.cn gentle yu 0797-5745599 chutes, the spiral chute, the glass fiber reinforced plastic spiral chute, the glass fiber reinforced plastic chute, separates by gravity the equipment, the manganese ore flotation process equipment, the copper mine flotation process equipment, the fluorspar flotation process equipment, the spiral chute which the company produces, the glass fiber reinforced plastic spiral chute, the glass fiber reinforced plastic swivel chute, the glass fiber reinforced plastic revolving spiral chute has series BLso on BL, LL, CBX characteristics is the new compound cross section, the ultra short pitch, the large diameter, the wide cross section, is suitable for the undressed ore specially dragging through the mudnonmetallic, metallic minerals thin grade - 0.2 millimeter the separation, does not need the flushing water, has the structure to be simple, does not need the power, the weight is light,The area is small, the process load is big, the separation efficiency is high, LL uses in the classification granularity 0.3-0.02 millimeter iron tin, the tungsten, the tantalum, the niobium, the coal mine, the gold ore, the monacite, the rutile, the zirconhas enough proportion bad other mineral CBX regarding the classification tantalum, the niobium, the tin, the tungsten, the gold, the titanium, hardother proportion difference is bigger than 1 mineral.

公司专业生产选矿设备，提供工艺流程，选矿实验，安装指导www.lzkysb.cn温良禹0797-5745599溜槽，螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢溜槽，重选设备，锰矿浮选设备，铜矿浮选设备，萤石浮选设备，公司生产的螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢旋转溜槽，玻璃钢旋转螺旋溜槽有BL，LL，CBX等系列BL的特点是新型复合断面，超短螺距，大直径，宽断面，特别适于原矿的拖泥及非金属，金属矿物细粒级-0.2毫米的分选，不需冲水，具有结构简单，无需动力，重量轻，占地面积小，处理量大，分选效率高，LL的用于选别粒度0.3-0.02毫米的铁锡，钨，钽，铌，煤矿，金矿，独居石，金红石，锆英石及具有足够比重差的其它矿物CBX对于选别钽，铌，锡，钨，金，钛，铁和其它比重差大于1的矿物。

The composi-tion of the seawater has changed rapidly since Phanerozoic, and the prolonged mineralogical changes of marine non-skeletal limestone and potash evaporates occurred in a phase on a 100-200 Ma.

结果表明：显生宙以来海水组分发生变化，经海相非骨骼灰岩和钾盐蒸发岩矿物学研究，发现这两种沉积岩长期以来连续变化，在"文石海"是MgSO4型蒸发盐，在"方解石海"是KCl型蒸发盐，从白垩纪晚期、第三纪早期的底部石盐溴含量及矿物学特征表明，此时处于"方解石海"，古海水组分的特点是造成缺硫酸盐型钾盐矿床形成的物化基础；通过NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-H2O和NaCl-KCl-MgCl2-CaCl2-H2O两个体系相图的分析认为，当时所形成的成钾原始体系母液是高镁、低钾氯化物型的卤水，在母液蒸发过程中，由于原始海侵母液与残余高镁母液的掺杂作用，致使结晶路线直接从氯化钠区到E点母液或光卤石与氯化钠共饱线上，而没有通过氯化钠和氯化钾的共饱线，因而在矿体中氯化钾相很少或几乎不存在，由于外界CaCl2型水体的掺杂，使成钾母液进入光卤石相区，随着蒸发的进行，最终形成溢晶石矿物。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist"s attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What"s more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refining process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有"三明治"结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist's attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What's more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refinin g process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有"三明治"结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

For giving an explaintion of strong transmogrification but feebleness metamorphism of and their corresponding relation of the Triassic stratum in Songpan-Ganzi area and opening out the temperature and stress condition, this paper summarized study production of predecessors, and put forward 5 conclusions about Songpan-Ganzi area Triassic main lithology(slate, sandrock,and blastopsammitic) through field geological investigation , actual measurement section plane study and combining indoor slice identification , electron probing and fluid enclosure testing analysis:1.Field outcrop strongly transmogrification, and often developed same cleavages(S1) erection or approximately erection 'B'fold and symmetry similituded fold. 2.The metamorphosed mineral combination is simple, and the typical metamorphosed mineral combination is Al+Chl+Ser+Cc+Q, etc. The metamorphosed mineral develops mainly along the cleavages of the territorial cleavages faces(S1), bearing territorial dynamic metamorphism character and belonging to the lawsonite-albite-chlorite face of slightly metamorphism. 3.Territorial metamorphism P-T change focus on T:180～200oC, P:1～2kbar

为了对松潘-甘孜地区三叠系强变形浅变质的特征及变质与变形的对应关系作出解释，揭示变质与变形的温-压条件，本论文总结前人研究成果，通过野外地质调查和实测剖面研究，结合室内薄片鉴定、电子探针和流体包裹体测试分析，对松潘-甘孜地区三叠系主体岩性(板岩、砂板岩、变质砂岩及千枚岩)的变质作用得出5 个认识结论：1、整个松潘-甘孜地区经受了自北向南的强大挤压；2、变质矿物组合简单，除雏晶黑云母外，典型的变质矿物组合为Al+Chl+Ser+Cc+Q等，变质矿物主要沿区域性劈理面(S1)的劈理域发育，具有区域动力变质作用特征，属于低级变质作用中的硬柱石-钠长石-绿泥石相；3、区域变质作用P-T 变化集中在T：180～200oC，P：1～2kbar

The research on bound rubber and reinforcing effect of mineral filler showed that there are four kind of interactions between filler and rubber matrix in uncured mix The unbounded rubber on the surface of filler will solve in organic solvent The rubber bounded by stronger physical or chemical interaction with filler will dissolve in organic solvent The bound rubber on the surface of filler by different extent acid-base interactions will solve in basic organic solvent The bound rubber on the surface of filler by chemical action (no acid-base type) will dissolve in basic organic solvent

结合橡胶和增强作用的研究表明，在混炼胶中，硅橡胶与矿物填料的作用形式有四种。没有联结在矿物表面的非结合橡胶和仅靠物理吸附联结在填料表面的硅橡胶将溶解于有机溶剂；与填料有较强相互作用的硅橡胶不溶于有机溶剂；通过不同层次的酸碱作用联接在矿物表面的硅橡胶将溶解于碱性有机溶剂；与填料有牢固化学结合的硅橡胶不溶于碱性有机溶剂。

The main cobaltiferous mineral states are: cobaltiferous ferruginous sulphide, oxide, carbonate, sulphate, clay mineral and silicate.

大横路钴矿床矿石中的钴为多相多态存在，主要的含钴矿物相有含铁的硫化物、氧化物、碳酸盐、硫酸盐、粘土矿物和硅酸盐，其中粘土矿物吸附态的钴约占矿石总钴量的三分之一，这一赋存状态的钴，用通常的选矿方法难以选取，是造成该钴矿床以往钴回收率低的主要原因之一。

Pillared montmorillonite, as a representative of Sandwich like pillared interlayered clays ,caught many scientist"s attention not only because of its special structure of two-dimensional sheets but also its excellent activity of catalysis and adsorption. It is well documented that the method to prepare PILM, ion-exchanging, needed a long periods and was affected by many factors, and that the product had low thermal stability especially hydro-thermal stability which was the primary obstruction of its using in large-scale production. At the same time, PILM was well documented prepared with Na-montmorillonite, while there were a few documents about PILM prepared with Ca-montmorillonite. The large cost of remodel of Ca-montmorillonite to Na-montmorillonite was another obstacle of the application of PILM, while Ca-montmorillonite was widely distributed in nature, as a result, to prepare PILM with Ca-montmorillonite has practical significance. What"s more, PILM was mainly studied as a catalyst in oil refining process till now, but rarely documented in other catalysis reactions, especially in coal liquification filed which also needed high activity catalyst.

以柱撑蒙脱石为代表的具有&三明治&结构的柱撑粘土矿物因其特殊的二维孔道结构和优良的催化和吸附性能近年来成为国内外广泛关注和研究的热点，但是目前国内外大量报道的PILM制备大多采用离子交换法，生产周期很长，影响因素很多，并且产物热稳定性不够高，特别是水热稳定性较差，这是其不能在实际中大规模生产和应用的主要障碍，因此制备一种高稳定性的PILM意义非常；文献中大量报道的都是钠基蒙脱石合成的柱撑粘土矿物，传统的离子交换法必须将钙基蒙脱石钠化改型，其成本相当高，而自然界中大量存在的却是钙基蒙脱石，直接用钙基蒙脱石合成柱撑粘土矿物有很现实的意义，但目前这方面的报道却很少见；另外，迄今为止，PILM作为催化剂的研究领域主要在石油的炼制中应用，而在煤炭的液化中却鲜有报道，如果能在煤炭转化领域应用这一成果，其影响也将是相当大的。

The company specialized production enrichment plant, provides the technical process, the dressing experiment, the installment instructs 13697077005www.lzkysb.cn gentle yu 0797-5745599Jiangxi shicheng county oasis mine selecting equipment plant is a machinery and industrial company, and is approved for registration by the relevant departments of enterprises. The company can provide the user with project design, process design, uniform and non-uniform design and production for the products. Main products of our company are crusher series, sand maker series, mine-selecting series and laboratory series: shaking table, jigger, spiral chute, flotation machine, spiral classifier, ball mill, mixing tank, feeding machine, feeder, vibrating screen, crusher, sand pump, magnetic separator, hydraulic grader, hydraulic cyclone, playing sand machine, laboratory sand pump, laboratory shaker, laboratory spiral chute, laboratory flotation machine, laboratory ball mill, laboratory crusher, laboratory magnetic separator, laboratory mixing barrels, grinding machines, vacuum filter, etc., and the other can be customized according to customer's requirements of various types of mineral dressing machinery and equipment.

公司专业生产选矿设备，提供工艺流程，选矿实验，安装指导13697077005www.lzkysb.cn温良禹0797-5745599溜槽，螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢溜槽，选矿溜槽，选矿螺旋溜槽，萤石浮选设备，旋转螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢旋转螺旋溜槽，旋转溜槽，江西螺旋溜槽，江西溜槽，石城螺旋溜槽，石城溜槽， BLL溜槽， BLL型玻璃钢螺旋溜槽， 5LL螺旋溜槽，公司生产的螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢螺旋溜槽，玻璃钢旋转溜槽，玻璃钢旋转螺旋溜槽有BL，LL，CBX等系列BL的特点是新型复合断面，超短螺距，大直径，宽断面，特别适于原矿的拖泥及非金属，金属矿物细粒级(-0.2毫米)的分选，不需冲水，具有结构简单，无需动力，重量轻，占地面积小，处理量大，分选效率高，LL的用于选别粒度0.3-0.02毫米的铁锡，钨，钽，铌，煤矿，金矿，独居石，金红石，锆英石及具有足够比重差的其它矿物CBX对于选别钽，铌，锡，钨，金，钛，铁和其它比重差大于1的矿物锯齿波跳汰机，隔膜跳汰机，旁动式跳汰机，侧动式跳汰机，下动式跳汰机，双室隔膜跳汰机，选矿跳汰机，动筛跳汰机，锯齿波大颗粒跳汰机，JT跳汰机，选金跳汰机，选金机，选锡跳汰机，重选跳汰机，公司生产的跳汰机，单斗跳汰机，隔膜跳汰机，双斗跳汰机，锯齿波矩形跳汰机，锯齿波梯形跳汰机，左式和右式跳汰机有JT，LTS等各种系列，该机是固定筛子式，适用于选别金属矿石，如钨，含金的砂矿，精选锡矿等，也可用于选细粒物料和粗粒物料，最大给矿粒度为30毫米。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。