矾石

For the exploitation of mineral resources, there are 10 species, of which, anthracite, coal-bed methane, pyrite, clay, bauxite mining stone of the most value.

可供开采的矿产资源有10余种，其中，无烟煤、煤层气、硫铁矿、粘土、矾石最具开采价值。

To synthesize the development direction of civil expansion admixture field presently and refer to the performance of past,utilizing the reciprocal action and suitable combination of three expansion fountain namely CaO,AFt and MgO to get better expansivity,to make expansion curve more reasonable.

综合目前国内膨胀剂领域的发展方向和借鉴以往研究成果，采用CaO、钙矾石、MgO三个膨胀源的相互作用，三者膨胀适当组合，取长补短，以获得更适宜的膨胀量和膨胀发挥，使膨胀曲线更趋合理。

The study on the hardening mechanism of the soft soil with the materials shows that the hardening procedure can be divided into three stages:(1). Hydrating and dissolving stage, when material A and material B of the high-water-content and quick-setting materials respectively dissolve and balance in water.(2). Gel and consolidating stage, when the materials hydrate into calcium crystal and the ion exchange and aggregation of soil particles occur in an alkaline environment.(3). the structure developing stage, when the calcium crystals connect each other, absorb and crystallize the water around; the hydrate remnants, calcium hydroxide, carbonate continuously in water and in the air.

本文对高水速凝材料-软土硬化机理的研究表明，高水速凝材料-软土的硬化过程可分为三个阶段：①水化溶解阶段：主要为高水速凝材料的甲、乙料分别与水的溶解、维持平衡阶段；②胶凝固化阶段：主要为高水速凝材料的水化反应生成钙矾石晶体以及土颗粒在碱性环境中发生离子交换和团粒化作用；③强度增长阶段：钙矾石晶体相互连接，大量吸收周围环境中的水分，并将水分变成自己的结晶水；水化残余物氢氧化钙在水中和空气中发生碳酸化作用。

A1l the thick adsorption layer,large space steric hindrance,thick solvate layer and stable ξ-potential of ASP adsorbed on cement particles resist the flocculation of cement particles.In addition the early stage hydration of cement is restrained because the—OH ,—NH2 in ASP can suppress the formation of hydrated products such as C-S-H ,Ca2 and ettringite crystals through forming unstable complex compound with Ca2+.So ASP has excellent plasticity-retention capability of concrete.

由于ASP在水泥颗粒表面的吸附层较厚、空间位阻较大、溶剂化层较厚及ξ-电位较稳定等原因，阻碍了水泥颗粒间的凝聚；同时由于ASP含有的—OH，—NH2等官能团与水化产生的Ca2+形成不稳定的络合物，抑制了水化产物C-S-H，Ca2和钙矾石等结晶体的形成，从而抑制了水泥的早期水化，故ASP具有良好的保塑性能。

The expansive power isprocess in common to tumefaction that petty crystalloid AFt suck water andpressure to concrete pores that AFt crystal gather volume.

其膨胀驱动力是凝胶尺寸的晶体钙矾石吸水肿胀和结晶状钙矾石对孔隙产生膨胀压的共同作用。

The results also show that the double-expansivemoderate heat Portland cement should be further studied and improved to retard its ettringite expan-sion, accelerate its periclase expansion and increase its total expansion magnitude.

结果还表明：双膨胀中热水泥在推迟钙矾石膨胀、加快方镁石膨胀以及提高总的膨胀量等方面，值得继续研究。

Ettringite formed earlier in the concrete is unstable and it tends to recrystallize .

经过高温养护的混凝土在后期也会重新形成大量的钙矾石，而且早期生成的钙矾石并不稳定，容易发生重结晶。

X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope, energy dispersive spectrum and laser Raman spectrum analysis were used to identify thaumasite in paste sample stored in 10% of MgSO_(4) solution at different temperatures .

钙矾石型和石膏型等硫酸盐侵蚀破坏机理已得到广泛研究与认同，然而另一种硫酸盐破坏类型———碳硫硅钙石型却没有受到应有重视。

Later on, hydration of fly ash, slag and gypsum produces gel material enwrapping the surface of ettringite, which increases the strength of H50-6s hardened paste on the one hand, and hold back ettringite weathering on the other hand. So ettringite decomposition is effectively controlled so as to avoid strength decrease of the hardened paste.

这样，凝胶物质一方面使硬化浆体的强度缓慢增加，另一方面阻缓了大气对钙矾石的侵蚀，有效抑制了由于钙矾石的分解而导致硬化浆体的强度倒缩。

In the samples containing aluminum sulphate, some ettringite crystalparticles are formed, which do not match with dihydrate gypsum crystals and increase thedefects in the hardened plaster. The strength decreases sharply with increase of aluminumsulphate amount.

硫酸铝的引入，使石膏浆体中生成部分钙矾石晶体，钙矾石晶体与二水石膏晶体不匹配，从而增加了硬化体内部的缺陷，因此，随着硫酸铝掺入量的增加，硬化体强度的降低比较严重。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。