石油的

The future technical advances hot poits in the petrochemical industry into new century for the refining-chemical integration and increasing olefine production technology ,the sythetic gas producing fuel and chemicals and light alkane activation technology ,the new separation and reaction technology ,the biochemlcal products technology 、the nanotechnology and the high efficiency informatiom technology are presented .

进入新世纪以来，世界石化原料和石化产品需求仍将持续增长，据2002年召开的第17届世界石油大会预测，1998~2010年间，乙烯需求将由8000万吨增加到12000万吨，丙烯将由4500万吨增加到8200万吨，丁烯-1将由80万吨增加到140万吨，α-烯烃将由100万吨增加到220万吨，苯将由2700万吨增加到4000万吨，对二甲苯将由1400万吨增加到3000万吨。2000~2020年间，石油用于石油化工的年均增长率为2.5%，超过石油的其他用途增长率。

Our country is big country of an oil production, but the rapid development as our country economy, to petrolic demand increases ceaselessly, breach of supply and demand expands ceaselessly, force our country to import oil in great quantities from abroad.

我国是一个石油生产大国，但随着我国经济的快速发展，对石油的需求不断增加，供需缺口不断扩大，迫使我国从国外大量进口石油。2000年，我国进口石油7000万吨，预计2010年，进口石油可能占我国石油总消耗量的一半，我国石油形势

For this, the diversification that should strengthen the local oilspirit resources reconnoitring to explore the development and carry out the petroleum trade, build up in keeping with our country the petroleum strategystorage system of the state of the nation, make use of various means to strengthen to international petroleum of control, support the petroleum safety of the our country.

中国已成为世界第二大石油消费国，受国内石油资源的制约，石油产量难以自给自足，供需矛盾日益显现，石油安全面临诸多问题，已成为我国经济发展的&瓶颈&为此，应加强国内油气资源勘探开发实施石油贸易的多元化建立适合我国国情的石油战略储备体系运用各种手段加强对国际石油的控制，维护我国的石油安全

However, it is unavoidable the spillage and leakage of crude oil and oil products occur in the processes of oil exploitation, refinement, transportation and application. First of all, a small amount of light hydrocarbons volatilizes into atmosphere while the others can stay in the unsaturated zone or reach groundwater table under the action of gravity and capillary pressure, which may directly or indirectly cause oil pollution of groundwater system.

但是，在石油的开采、炼制、运输和使用的过程中，不可避免地会有大量原油和石油制品抛洒或泄漏于地面，其中的一些轻质石油组分通过挥发进入大气，而绝大部分石油会在重力和毛细力的作用下渗入包气带，或者透过包气带达到地下水面，从而间接或直接地污染地下水。

By view of the phylogeny of American oil policy in Middle East, we can find that asMiddle East"s oil become more and more important in the world oil market, America"sdesire for Middle Easts oil is getting stronger and stronger.

纵观美国中东石油政策发展的历史可以发现，随着中东在国际石油市场上地位的不断凸显，美国对控制中东石油的欲望逐渐强烈，在中东的石油政策不断调整，对中东地区的势力渗透愈加深刻。

In order tomaintain petroleum security, American administration adopts a policy in which MiddleEast oil strategy is of primary importance to its world oil strategy and intends tomonopolize Middle Easts oil resources.

为了维护本国石油安全，美国把中东石油战略放在其全球石油战略的首位，制定了意在独霸中东石油的能源政策。

As shown in the experimental results: as the conductor of petroleum biological degradation, the quantity of microorganism is the important factor of petroleum degradation efficiency, the huge natural capacity of microorganism in soil is its foundation of bioremediation; petroleum density in certain scope do not affect for the degradation efficiency of petroleum, and in the density of 5%, its initial degradation efficiency is higher, however after training 40 days, this kind of advantage change weak gradually, the reason may be the petroleum of high density probably having certain poison role for microorganism; the best ecological condition of petroleum contaminated soil bioremediation is that nutrition material C: N = 60, electron receives body HiOi joining quantity amount to 12 mg/g, water content is 50%, surface activator is anion surface activator of 12 Wan base benzene sulphur sour sodium; the relation of primary and secondary of factor is water content, surface activator, nutrition material and electron receiver.

试验研究结果表明：作为石油生物降解的执行者，微生物的数量是影响石油降解效率的重要因素，土壤中微生物的巨大的自然容量是其生物修复的基础；石油浓度在一定范围内对石油的降解效率并没有影响，并且在5％浓度时，其起始降解效率较高，但是到了培养40天以后，这种优势渐渐变弱，可能还是高浓度的石油对微生物有一定的毒害作用；石油污染土壤生物修复的最佳生态条件为：营养物质C：N为60，电子受体H_2O_2的累计加入量为12mg/g，含水量为50％，表面活性剂为阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠；因素的主次关系为：含水量、表面活性剂、营养物质和电子受体。

The countermeasures listed in the article include:1. Formulate Proactive pricing and tax policies to guide rational oil consumption;2. Promote the research,development and application of oil-saving technologies;3. Increase upstream investment and adopt new technologies to find more resources;4. Develop new oil Processing technologies to find new petrochemical feedstocks;5. Expedite the development of bio-fuel technologies and realize commercial scale production;6. Develop and utilize non-conventional petroleum resources;7. Develop and commercialize the coal-to-liquid technologies.

提出了积极应对后石油时代到来的对策：一是制定积极的价格税收政策，引导理性的石油消费；二是加强节油技术的研究开发和推广应用；三是加大资金投入和开发新技术，扩大石油的资源基础；四是革新石油加工工艺，转变石化原料路线；五是加快生物燃料技术开发，尽早实现规模化生产；六是重现非常规石油资源的开发利用；七是组织好煤制油技术的开发和产业化。

Shan Jiazeng Application of Structural Simulation Experiment in Petroleum Geology 北京:石油工业出版社, 1996,null

单家增 构造模拟实验在石油地质学中的应用北京：石油工业出版社， 1996，null

He dismissed insinuations that government was deliberately refusing to explore oil in the North so as to exhaust the reserves in the Niger Delta, adding that international oil companies were willing to do business anywhere they could find oil.

YAR'ADUA暗示说，政府故意不勘探北方的石油导致尼日尔三角洲地区的石油耗尽，而国际石油公司很乐意在任何有石油的地方开展业务。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。