短语

Phrase teaching is a very important integrant of granma teaching in modern Chinses,and analysis of complex phrases is a difficnlt point in it.

短语教学是现代汉语语法教学的一个极其重要的组成部分，其中复杂短语的分析是短语教学中的一个难点。

In English, if the center word has lead attributive and participle phrase or infinitive phrase, when translated, we need to shift forward the postposition participle infinitive or phrase to the position of limiting attribute.

在英语中，如果中心词有前置定语，又有分词短语或不定式短语，翻译时后置分词不定式或短语要前移到限定性定语的位置上，而前置定语位置则视情况而定。

Its basic construction is: locative phrases/temporal phrases + verb phrases /noun phrases.

它的基本结构是：处所短语/时间短语+动词短语+名词短语。

Locative phrases have "shang" and "li" within them.

所谓"存在句"是表示某处存在某种人或事物，它的基本结构是：处所短语+动词短语+名词短语。

NP-Det N NP——Det Adj N PP S（the tall man with glasses that I met） The recursiveness of Phrase structure rules 短语结构规则的循环性 These rules can generate an infinite number of sentences, and sentence with inf inite length, due to their recursive properties.

根据短语结构规则，短语和句子可以无限循环地组合起来。 X-bar theory X 标杆理论（X 标杆理论是将各种短语结构规则高度抽象地综合成单一的X 标杆规则的理论。）一定要结合书本！

Therefore, on the basis of objective description of corpus example, this paper study and analyze the condition of "free form" and "bound form" of the verbal phrases such as "V + Particle + N"、"V+ complement"(including:"V+ trend complement","V+ result complement","V+ extent complement" and "V+ action-measure complement )、"V TO V"、"V+ adverb+ V"、"V of V "and "V+ D".At the same time, from the semantic and pragmatic perspective this paper discuss the conditions and causes from "bound form" to "free form",concluding that particle dynamics、exclamation at the end of the sentence、adverb and follow—up of the language and so on can act as the conditions from the bound verbal phrase to the free verbal phrase. The main reason for these conditions is rich in the amount of the sentence, making semantic self—contained; Finally, this paper simply describes the theoretical and practical significance of the phenomena of "free form" and "bound form in the aspect of verbal phrase; at he conclusion of the article, the author of the text further sum up the content and coverage and raise her own views of the text of underdevelopment and the questions yet continuing to study.

因此，本文接着在语料例证的客观描述基础上，针对"v+动态助词+N"、"V+补语"(包括："V+趋向补语"、"V+结果补语"、"V+程度补语"、V+动量补语)、、"V来V去"、"副词+V"、"V的V"、"V+D的"等动词性短语的"粘着"和"自由"的情况做了探讨分析，并且从语义和语用两个角度探讨了"粘着"向"自由"转化的条件及原因，认为动态助词、句末语气词、副词、后续语段等等都可以充当粘着的动词性短语向自由的动词性短语转化的条件，其主要原因则是这些条件丰富了句子的信息量，使得语义自足；最后，文章简要地论述了研究动词性短语的"自由"和"粘着"现象的理论意义和实践意义；在文章的结语部分，作者就文中所论述的角度和涵盖的内容做了进一步的总结，并对文中存在的不足和有待于继续研究的问题提出了自己的看法。

R īla Vi van ā tha Cakravartī points out that the word kitava - bandho expresses envy; the phrase from sapatnyāh to nah , jealousy; the phrase mā spr a ańghrim , pride; and the phrase from vahatu to prasādam , disrespect, while the phrase from yadu - sadasi to the end of the verse decries Krsna s tactless treatment of Rādhārān ī.

圣维思瓦那塔-查克拉瓦提导师指出， kitava - bandho 表示羡慕，从 sapatnyāh 到 nah 的短语表示嫉妒，短语 mā spr a ańghrim 表示骄傲，从 vahatu 到 prasādam 这句短语表示轻视，从 yadu - sadasi 到诗的结尾这句短语谴责奎师那不机智地对待拉妲拉妮。

And knowing this is not only quite construcive to deep understanding of such subordinate clause but also instrumental to the mastery of translating techniques.

这得益于英语的非谓语动词短语、名词性短语、形容词性短语、介词短语和各类从句的表意功能。

Independent-samples t-test is used to compare means of the experimental and control groups.The statistical results reveal that collocational competence with the sub-technical terms of the experimental group is significantly higher than that of the control group. However, the CBSTT model's effect on the simple nominal phrase collocational competence is more significant than the effect on the complex nominal phrase collocational competence. From the perspective of production competence, the overall results of the experimental groups are significantly higher than the overall results of the control group. The complex nominal phrase production competence is not significantly developed at the beginning of the experiment. With the progress of the experiment, the differences from the two groups become salient.

在短语搭配能力方面，实验组学生的总成绩明显高于对照组学生，其中实验组简单短语的搭配组合能力与对照组学生存在显著差异，但复杂短语的组合能力上两组差异不大；在产出能力方面，实验组学生的总成绩也明显高于对照组学生，实验组简单短语的产出能力与对照组学生存在显著差异，复杂短语的产出能力开始没有显著差异，随着实验的进行差异越来越显著；在通过词汇重复手段以构成语篇衔接方面，实验组学生的成绩和对照组的学生无显著差异。

Mary , a well-known Sunday painter's girl Friday , went to the art exhibition in her Sunday best yesterday and made a hit with all the gentlemen there who seemed to have Sunday-go-to-meeting manners .

在英语中，有动词和小品词（ up， down， in， out， on， off， over， away ）构成的动词短语很多，有时很难猜出它们的意义，笔者收集了常见的动词短语，通过分析小品词的意义，对这一类的短语进行分类，找出它们的规律，以便更好地掌握它们，注意有些短语意义很接近，这要结合例句和上下文掌握它们的用法。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。