瞬时的

The obstacle (the altitude of 900 mm) process for both sides of a planetary gear train was analyzed in ADAMAS. It is proved that the physical dimension of the planetary gear train, bodywork center position and attachment coefficient are the key effect factors. The driven moment, velocity and normal pressure sharply increased as each wheel surmounting obstacles, but they were moderate after the front wheel came over the obstacles. Another weaker pulse occurred when the rear wheel began climbing, and then the parameters reached a plateau.

行星轮系的结构尺寸、车体质心位置及附着系数对越障高度影响较大；各轮系越障时出现驱动力矩、速度和正压力急增的现象，前轮系的前轮越上障碍后，各参数值趋于平稳，后轮越障时又出现瞬时脉动，但脉动较小，后轮系也有相同的变化趋势，各轮的阻力矩和输出功率与正压力变化趋势相同。

Theelectropolymerizaitons in the present study was followed by in situ UV-visspectrometry,which showed the rate of elecctropolymerization decreased as theconcerntration of anthranilic acid in reaction solution.

本文涉及的电化学聚合均用在线紫外—可见光谱进行跟踪，结果表明电化学共聚随着反应体系中邻氨基苯甲酸的浓度的增加而变慢；同时，在电化学聚合过程中的电流—时间瞬时响应曲线表明聚邻甲基苯胺和共聚物均可能是以三维累积成核的方式沉积在ITO导电玻璃电极上。

Then,the state of the art and the challenge problems in ICA research field are discussed.The algorithms for standard and extended ICA models,including blind deconvolution,blind separation of convolutive mixtures,nonlinear instantaneous mixtures,are briefly analyzed.

讨论了目前ICA的几个研究方向的发展现状和面临的问题，分析了ICA基本模型和几种扩展模型的求解算法，包括盲反卷积、卷积混和的盲分离、非线性瞬时混合的盲分离。

Then, the relation between vibration and sound, the acoustic holography method, the indeterminacy and identifiability of BSS, the BSS algorithm are discussed in detail. Based on above researches, the dissertation is divided in following four sections. The first section investigates the BSS algorithm suitable to acoustic feature separation. The algorithm of the joint approximate diagonalization of eigen-matrices is proposed. The spectra or the time-frequency distributions of source signals are the interesting features in ABD and they are separated from mixing signals by JADE algorithm. Then, the convolutive mixing model is transformed into a high-dimension instantaneous mixing model, and the deconvolution of source signals is achieved by the joint approximate block diagonalization of eigen-matrices. The proposed algorithm has a global minimum, and it is unsensitive to noise interference.

论文首先概述国内外声学诊断研究进展与盲分离研究进展，给出机器噪声声场与盲分离的数学描述，讨论了声振辐射、声全息、盲分离模型、盲分离可解性、盲分离结果不确定性、分离算法等基本问题，在此基础上，论文的研究工作分为以下四个部分：第一部分研究适用于声学特征分离的盲分离算法，提出基于特征提取的联合近似对角化盲分离算法，该算法以频谱特征或时频特征作为分离目标，从混合信号中分离源信号频谱特征或时频特征，最大限度地保留了与声学特征提取有关的频谱特征或时频特征，采用模型变换把卷积混合模型变换为一个高维瞬时混合模型，通过联合近似分块对角化算法实现源信号频谱特征与时频特征的盲反卷积。

Based on the analysis of sequence stratigraphy and seismic stratigraphy of carbonate platforms, especially to the ones in Dongsha and Xisha, this dissertation has identified, for the first time, three major and several minor drowning events of the platforms since Tertiary. Drowning events in the four carbonate platforms, especially in Dongsha Platform, coincide with major global eustatic cycles raised by B.

在经过高技术处理的地震剖面上，淹没层序的特征是顶部同相轴呈光滑的双轨连续强反射，特殊处理后表现出高波阻抗、高密度和强瞬时振幅等特征，还表现为高的速度梯度值和高的剩余速度梯度值，甚至在局部区域出现本层层速度比下部地层层速度高的现象。

In the intersatellite coherent optical communication, the vibration of a satellite will lead to a pointing error of transmitting and receiving antennas, which will decrease the signal-to-noise ratio and increase the bit error rate. In this paper, the Rayleigh distribution is taken as the pointing error model caused by satellite vibration, and PSK homodyne communication scheme is used as an example to analyze the influence of the satellite vibration on the system instantaneous BER and average BER. The simulation calculation result of BER is given.

针对星间相干激光通信中卫星平台的振动造成发射天线和接收天线的瞄准角误差，使系统信号信噪比下降，误码率增加，该文以瑞利分布作为振动造成的瞄准角误差模型，结合高斯本振光和艾里信号光外差检测模型，以PSK零差通信体制为例分析卫星振动对系统的瞬时误码率和平均误码率的影响，给出误码率仿真计算结果。

The result showed that , under the condition of experimentation , the relationship between the dry matter accumulation in aerial parts and hypogeal and the available accumulation temperature met the Logistic equation or met basically.

结果表明，在供试条件下，怀地黄植株地上部干物质（Wt1）以及地下部干物质（Wt2）的增长动态与有效积温的关系符合或基本符合Logistic 方程所描述的曲线，Wt1 和 Wt2 增长盛期的转捩点所对应的有效积温值范围是：981.6~1745.0℃和1655.4~2381.0℃，最大瞬时增长速率分别为 0.01862 g/和0.05976 g/，分别出现在有效积温达1363.31 ℃和2018.22 ℃之时

First, this paper lists formula of active power by analyzing the composing of instantaneous power, then discusses the effect of prefilter to electric energy metering, how to measure electric energy in transient condition, and the influence of load type to the conversion of electric energy.

本文首先分析了瞬时功率的构成，得到有功功率的公式，接着探讨了前置滤波器对电能计量的影响、暂态情况下的电能计量问题和用户类型对电能转换的影响，最后对有功计费提出了一些建议。

Through measuring the gel time and the unconfined compression stre- ngth of cement-waterglass-clay specimen, this paper, using orthogonal method, analyzes the effect of different water-cement ratio, different admixing quantities of waterglass and different clay content on specimen strength and presents the optimal dispensation formula for two-fluid process of cement-waterglass.

本文通过水泥—水玻璃—粘土试件凝胶时间的测定及无侧限抗压强度测定，用正交方法分析了不同水灰比、不同水玻璃掺量及不同粘土含量对试件强度的影响，提出了水泥—水玻璃双液浆的最优配方，基本解决了旋喷施工时造成的基础瞬时沉降问题，为旅喷注浆的设计与施工提供了依据。

On the one hand, de noising of instantaneous parameters is optimized by a wavelet filter, which can improve the recognition ability under the low SNR; on the other hand, the existing three feature parameters σ,σ(subscript ∞) and σ are used, and three new parameters Ra, Rp and Rf are proposed based on the existing feature parameters, which can simplify the process and improve the recognition ability.

该算法一方面提出采用小波滤波器对信号的瞬时信息进行消噪处理，提高了调制识别算法在低信噪比下的识别能力；另一方面利用已有算法的3个特征参数σ、σ、和σ以及在已有算法基础上改进的3个新的特征参数Ra、Rp和Rf，简化了识别过程，改善了低信噪比下的识别效果。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。