瞬态

Here it is indicated that the retardance of diffusion process is the cause of"overshoot".

这里说明扩散的瞬态过程引起的滞后是引起"超调"的必要条件。

To study the different permeability characteristics of rock, transient permeability tests of limestone and diorite were carried out. The permeability evolution and the relation between pore pressure and time of rock specimens during the complete stress-strain course were investigated. The strain-permeability equations of rock specimens during the deformation and failure course were set up. Finally, the penetration mechanism of two types of rocks was analyzed.

为研究岩石不同渗透特性，对石灰岩和闪长岩进行了瞬态渗透实验，研究了岩样全应力－应变过程中的渗透率演化规律以及孔隙压差与时间的关系，并建立了岩样变形破坏过程的应变－渗透率方程，最后分析了这两种不同类型岩石渗透机理。

From the opposite direction of the parameter variation, the chaotic quasi-attractor suddenly changes to a chaotic quasi-transience due to the sudden appearance of a stable elliptic island chain as the leaking hole inside it. This resembles the conventional crises.

从相反的参数变化方向看，混沌类吸引子在此参数临界值由于它内部突然出现一个稳定的椭圆岛链作为逃逸孔洞而突然转变为混沌类瞬态，这类似于传统的激变行为。

Our numerical results show that the end-results of the image set of the discontinuous border of the mapping function forms a stochastic web.

类耗散性可能使稳定的混沌轨道转变为"混沌类瞬态"，并最终被椭圆岛（可称为"规则类吸引子"）捕获。

An improved transient algorithm is proposed to solve the distributed parameter model for heat exchangers.

针对目前求解换热器瞬态模型的算法收敛性不稳定的问题，提出了一种改进算法。

On the basis of experimental research, this thesis applies 2-dimensional non-linear finite element method to the analysis of transient temperature field on the section by means of relatively high precision triangular element of six joints. When the temperature field is analyzed, finite element reseaus are divided in space field and finite difference reseaus are divided in time field, and then the program is compiled. The computing results are in good agreement with the test data. It indicates that the program is stable and precise.

在试验研究的基础上，本文采用精度较高的三角形六结点单元对构件截面二维非线性瞬态温度场进行了有限元分析，即在空间域内采用有限元网格划分，在时间域内采用有限差分网格划分，据此编制了计算程序，计算结果与试验数据符合较好，程序稳定性好，精度满足要求。

Five novel torsion-mirror optical actuators including double-beam thickness differential structure with single torsional axis, double flexible folded-beam structure with single torsional axis, double-beam vertical torsion comb structure with single torsion axis, four-beam differential compound-micromirror structure with double torsional axis and the combined structure of the four basis forms above, are brought forward. All of these devices could be fabricated by the same silicon micromachining process we have developed. The deformation compensation design with local enhancement for the thin torsional beam which is the key structure of these devices is also put forward to improve the reliability. The three-dimension solid model and two-dimension reduced order model of the torsion-mirror optical actuator are established and then the numerical simulations for evaluating the device characteristics of the statics, dynamics, electrostatic field, mechanical and electrostatic coupling, fluid and solid coupling are carried out to optimize the structure design. Furthermore, three optical fibre clamping structures which could be integrated monolithicly are designed and analyzed to improve the optical coupling capability. 4. Three flexible process flows combined with bulk silicon micromachining and surface silicon micromachining are brought forward to fabricate these novel single-crystal silicon or polysilicon torsion-mirror optical actuators by using the same lithography masks for both SOI wafer and regular silicon wafer. A series of important process experiments are carried out to optimize the process parameters and the process flows. Some novel and typical process phenomena which occurred during the microfabrication are analyzed and then the corresponding solutions are put forward. 5. A MEMS dynamic testing system which exploit blur image synthetic technique, stroboscopic image matching technique, stroboscopic mirau microscopic interferometry technique and microscopic laser dopper vibrometer technique is set up to measure three-dimension and six-freedom micro motions of any MEMS devices with nanometer resolution.

在对硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的光机电特性系统地理论研究的基础上提出了硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的结构设计准则。3、提出了单轴双梁厚度差分结构、单轴双柔性折叠梁结构、单轴双梁垂直扭转梳齿结构、双轴四梁差动复合微镜结构以及以上四种基本结构组合后的衍生结构等五种工艺加工技术兼容的新型的硅微机械扭转镜光致动器，对器件关键结构薄厚度、高耐疲劳扭转梁进行了局部加强的变形补偿设计，建立了器件的三维实体模型以及两维降阶模型，对提出的新结构硅微机械扭转镜光致动器进行了系统的静力学、动力学、静电场、力电耦合和流体固体耦合的建模仿真与优化设计，同时设计并分析了三种可实现单芯片集成的弹性光纤定位夹紧结构。4、提出了组合体硅微加工技术与表面硅微加工技术、兼容同一套光刻版图、可分别基于SOI 晶片和普通Si 晶片、适应于制造提出的各种新结构单晶硅和多晶硅硅微机械扭转镜光致动器的三套柔性加工工艺流程，开展了一系列重要工艺步骤的单项工艺试验，对工艺流程与工艺参数进行了优化，针对加工过程中出现的具有普遍意义的典型工艺问题进行了讨论和分析，并提出了解决方法。5、创新性地将模糊图像合成技术、频闪图像匹配技术、频闪Mirau 显微干涉技术与显微激光多普勒测振技术有机结合，建立起了一套周期运动测量与瞬态运动测量相结合、单点运动测量与全视场运动测量相结合、满足不同MEMS 器件各种动态测试要求的集成的MEMS 三维六自由度微运动精密测量系统。

The effects of ionizing radiation and transient high dose rate radiation of the power VDMNOSFET are also presented.

给出了该器件的电离辐射效应及瞬态大剂量辐射的实验数据，与常规 VDMOSFET相比获得了良好的抗辐射性能。

And no burnout failures occur at the transient high dose rate of 1×10 12 rad/s.

在 γ瞬态剂量率达 1× 10 1 2 rad /s时，器件未发生烧毁失效。

By the dynamic strain response test and its wavelet analysis of the driving axle housing models with and without prefabricated cracks respectively, the feasibility of the crack detection method which is based on the wavelet multiresolution analysis and the modern spectrum estimation is demonstrated.

通过对微型汽车驱动桥壳有、无预制裂纹模型试样在瞬态激励下的动态应变响应试验和小波分析，论证了采用小波多分辨分析和现代谱估计技术，通过对小波分解所得到的各尺度下细节信号的频谱分析，检测结构裂纹故障的可行性。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。