睾丸的

Results: Of the 18 patients with testicular torsion, 11 cases were definitely diagnosed at first visit, and the other 7 cases were misdiagnosed as acute testicular epididymitis, the conformity rate of diagnosis of color Doppler ultrasonography was 100%, all patients were cured.

对18例睾丸扭转患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析，18例患者行彩色多普勒超声检查和手术探查，其中8例患者行睾丸切除术，10例行睾丸复位固定术，所有病例均行对侧睾丸探查固定术。

The product is a new resource food made of main raw materials including cordyceps fungi powder, ginsenoside, yak spermarysheep spermary, donkey spermary, hartshorn and so on.

虫草丰睾丸本品是以虫草菌粉、人参皂苷、牦牛睾丸，羊睾丸、驴睾丸、鹿茸等为主要原料制成的新资源食品。

Winter by means of radioimmunology and in situ hybridazation to probe into the modulation mechanisms of kidney responsing to the winter, and observed effects of pinealectomy. The results show that there are seasonal changes in the level of MT in the Pineal body, serum, hyperthalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis and the same of the third courier---c-fos and the c-jun mRNA expressions in the hyperthalamus-pituitary-gonadal axis from the Summer to the Winter.

首次通过实验，观察了雄性SD大鼠在生理状态下松果体、血清、下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴褪黑素含量的冬夏变化，下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴第三信使（c-fos和c-jun）mRNA表达的冬夏变化以及摘除松果体对上述各项指标冬夏变化的影响，实验结果表明，松果体、血清、下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴褪黑素含量以及下丘脑-垂体-睾丸轴第三信使（c-fos和c-jun）mRNA表达都存在明显的季节性变化。

Despite evidence implicating prostaglandins as critical factor in male reproductive functions, little is known about expression and function of COX-2 in the male reproductive system. By using immunohistochemistry, RT-PCR and Western-blot, the content of this research included:(1) The expression and localization of COX-2 in mature rat and human testis were examined.(2) We investigated the changes of spermatogenesis and testosterone levels in testis after by using the COX-2 specific inhibitor-rofecoxib at 2, 4 and 8 weeks.(3) To explore the relationship between the intratesticular level of testosterone and expression of COX-2 by completely destroying the Leydig cells of mature male rats with injection of a single I.

本课题应用免疫组织化学、RT-PCR和Western-blot等方法检测以下内容：(1)在mRNA和蛋白水平检测正常成年男性及大鼠睾丸组织中COX-2的表达及定位情况；(2)实验组大鼠持续给予COX-2酶的特异性抑制剂Rofecoxib，分别于用药后2周、4周和8周检测大鼠的精子生成以及睾丸组织内睾酮浓度的变化；(3)另一组实验大鼠给予特异性Leydig细胞灭活剂EDS，在特定时间内抑制睾丸组织内合成的睾酮，于用药后2周和4周，采用免疫组织化学及RT-PCR方法观察大鼠睾丸组织内睾酮浓度变化对COX-2合成的影响。

Objective: To observe the change of Leydig cell and extra-cellular matrix of testis in mice during experimental orchiditis.

目的：研究小鼠睾丸间质细胞和睾丸内细胞外基质在实验性睾丸炎期间的变化。

The decreased function of Leydig cells and damage of ECM in testis during experimental orchiditis might be the factors associated with the poor fertile ability.

发生睾丸炎期间，睾丸间质细胞功能下降，睾丸内细胞外基质受损，这可能是导致生育力下降的原因之一。

At postnatal 1st week immunopositive reaction of NGF was detected mainly in sustentacular cells and the spermatogonia also showed positive staining. NGF positive staining in the testes was observed in interstitial cells, spermatogenetic cells, sustentacular cells and Leydig cells at 3rd week. After the postnatal 5th week, NGF-positive immunostaining was also detected in intersitial cells and spermatogenetic cells, but the intensity of reaction was weaker than that at 1st and 3rd weeks.

免疫组化定位分析显示：睾丸组织的神经生长因子蛋白表达于小鼠出生后的各个时期内，1周龄睾丸组织免疫阳性反应主要位于支持细胞，精原细胞也有着色；3周龄睾丸组织的间质细胞、各级生精细胞、支持细胞、管周肌样细胞表达均呈现阳性；5周后的睾丸组织内神经生长因子呈低水平表达，主要表达于间质细胞和生精细胞内。

The testis index, testis volumes were same as the annual changes of testis mass. The curves of annual variation were all unimodality.2 The spermatogenetic cycle of Myospalax cansus comprises seven stages with significant features: Stage I , from February to April, the testis were at the stage of spermatogonia proliferation. In this period, testis index and the number of spermatogonia began to rise. Other spermatogenic cells had not yet formed; Stage II to III, from March to April, primary spermatocyte meiosis period. The testis index was highest in this stage, and spermatogenic cells were in spermatocyte stage, the primary spermatocyte meiosis generated to secondary spermatocyte; Stage IV, from April to May, spermatocytes continued to split, germ cells appeared in seminiferous tubules; Stage V, in May, sperm formation, spermatids of seminiferous tubules were transformed to spermatozoa, a large number of sperms existed in the lumen; Stage VI, spermatozoa emission period, from May to June, testis index were a significant drop and mature spermatozoa excluded gradually; VII, the testicular activity ceased basically from July to September, November to January of the following year, the spermatogenic activity ceased completely. Therefore, Myospalax cansus are animals of seasonal reproduction, spermatogenesis cycle is discontinuous type.

睾丸系数、体积和重量的年周期变化规律一致，变化曲线呈现单峰型。2甘肃鼢鼠雄性生殖腺的年周期活动由7个特征明显的时期构成：Ⅰ期，2～3月份，精原细胞增殖期，睾丸系数开始上升，精原细胞进行有丝分裂，其他生精细胞尚未形成；3～4月份为Ⅱ～Ⅲ期，初级精母细胞成熟分裂期，睾丸系数达到最大，生精细胞大多处于精母细胞阶段，初级精母细胞减数分裂生成次级精母细胞；Ⅳ期，4～5月份精母细胞继续进行分裂，精细胞在生精小管内出现；Ⅴ期，5月份，精子形成期，曲细精管中精细胞变态成精子，在管腔中存在大量的精子；Ⅵ期，精子排放期，5～6月份，睾丸系数显著下降，成熟精子从生精小管上脱离，逐渐排除；Ⅶ期，精原细胞停滞期，7～9月份睾丸生精活动基本停滞，11～翌年1月，生精活动完全停止。

objective:to improve the diagnosis and treatment of testicular torsion.methods:the date of 13 cases of testieular torsion 2003.8～2008.5 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed.results:all of the 13 cases were assessed correctly by cdfi,among them,excision 6,1 undescended testis,under-took orehiopexy.

目的：提高睾丸扭转的诊治水平。方法：对我院2003年8月～2008年5月收治的13例睾丸扭转的诊断及治疗作回顾性分析。结果：13例均行cdfi确诊，其中手术切除9例，3例为隐睾扭转，因睾丸生机恢复而行睾丸固定术。

Methos Color Dppler sonography was used to assess the changes of hernodynamics of 90 patients with acute scrotum The intra and exera-testicular blood flow were found to be either normd diminished; absent or increased The sensitively and specificy of CDS in the diagnosis of ten testicular torsion in which blood flow was completely deprive were 100%; five of them have violent sports The sensitivity specificity of CDS in the diagnosis of tesicular and epididymal inflammation in which blood flow were 86% and 100%.

应用彩色多普勒血流超声诊断仪对90例急性阴囊肿痛患者的睾丸、附睾进行检测。并观察睾丸、附睾的血流动力学改变情况。结果(1)无血流灌注10例，低血流灌注20例，高血流灌注43例，正常血流灌注17例；(2)睾丸扭转10例，睾丸炎及附睾炎50例，阴囊外伤30例。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。