眼球内陷

This article provides a comprehensive review of the pathophysiology, evaluation, and management of enophthalmos.

这篇文章提供了复杂的综述关于眼球内陷的病理生理，评估和治疗。

The knowledge of the different etiologies of enophthalmos and its adequate management are important, because in some cases, it could be the first sign revealing a life-threatening disease.

眼球内陷的病因学不同病因知识和它的治疗非常重要，对一些疾病来说，它可能是威胁生命的首要表现。

Objective To studay the best time and method of reconstruction of orbit and enophthalmos,and the influence on visual fuction.

目的：研究眼眶骨折眼球内陷手术复位的方法和手术最佳时期，探讨手术前后视功能变化。

Enophthalmos is a relatively frequent and misdiagnosed clinical sign in orbital diseases.

眼球内陷是一系列常见和误诊疾病的临床体征。

Its objective is to enable the reader to recognize, assess, and treat the spectrum of disorders causing enophthalmos.

文章目的在于让每位阅读者了解导致眼球内陷的疾病谱及如何治疗这些疾病。

After surgical reconstruction, improvement of extraocular movement limitation was found in 16 patients (88%); improvement of vision in 14 cases (60%); improvement of enophthalmos in 6 cases (26%). 14 cases with infraorbital hypoesthesia showed improvement in 8 patients.

手术治疗病例中，外眼肌活动改善者16例(88%)；视力进步或不变者12例(66%)；眼球内陷改善者6例(33%)；14例术前有眼窝下神经知觉麻痹，其中8例於术后获得改善。

Objective To estimate the effect and safety of traumatic enophthalmos with hydroxyapatite intraorbital implant.

目的 探讨羟基磷石灰(hydroxyapatites ，HA)材料行眶内植入矫正外伤性眼球内陷的效果及安全性。

Signs include enophthalmos, miosis, elevated third eyelid, and ptosis.

症状包括眼球内陷、瞳孔缩小、第三眼睑上移和上眼睑下垂。

However, the therapeutic efficacy is not ideal yet. There were 5 cases remained at least 3 mm enophthalmos postoperatively. The analysis of the CT data indicated that the insufficient compensation of orbital volume should contribute to the remained enophthalmos. The titanium mesh prebent with the aid of CAD/CAM technique can provide precise orbital reconstruction but can not increase the orbital volume sufficiently because of its limited thickness.

与此相应的是，该技术在术后眼球突度和复视恢复程度上，也较传统方法有所提高，然而，其治疗效果并不十分满意，8例患者中有5例在术后仍有超过3mm的眼球内陷，这一方面是由于该组病例创伤相对较为严重，另一方面，我们通过术后CT分析认为是由于眶容积补偿不足造成的，这是因为钛网的厚度有限，即使达到了精确的眶壁重建，其自身厚度也不足以补偿因脂肪液化、萎缩所造成的眶容积损失。

Lateral brow incisions, inferior eyelid incisions, coronal incisions and intraoral incisions applied in 45 patients, through which fracture lines of suborbital edge, outside and inferior walls of orbital cavity, zygomatic arch were exposed.

通过眉弓外侧切口、下睑切口、前庭沟切口和冠状切口联合入路，在建立良好咬合关系的基础上，恢复和加强眶颧复合体正常解剖结构，微型钛板坚强内固定，Medpor充填修复眶壁骨折矫正眼球内陷。45例患者术后随访12～30mo。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。