相面术

When an image digital holographic microscopy layout is employed, the Fresnel integral cannot be used in separating the reconstructed image from its conjugate image and background.

在像面数字全息中，用菲涅尔衍射积分进行复振幅再现的方法已不适用，将相移同轴技术与数字全息显微术结合，研究了以平行光为参考光记录相移同轴像面显微数字全息图及其幅度和相位再现方法。

We expect it will benefit the industry field to break through the optical measuring limits at present by offering some new ideas. Optical measuring research based on moire interferometry has developed for several decades. The main idea of this research is to utilize the moire effect caused by two superimposed gratings of identical or similar spatial frequency. One is the reference grating and it is a virtual grating created by a computer program in this research; The other grating is the image of grating projected on the measured surface by the DLP projector, and this grating will distort because of the different sloped profile of the surface. To superimpose the program-created grating and the captured distorted grating will derive the so-called moire effect. This research combined the basic theory of optical interferometry and moire effect to project the different phases of the projected grating fringes by the phase-shifting method and compute the principal value of arguments between -π,π. In the end, the phase unwrapping program based on discrete Fourier transform of solving PDEs is used to unwrap the phase of the measured surface, and finally the surface profile is derived by the optical measuring system.

以叠纹干涉术为基础的光学检测研究之发展早已行之有年，而在本研究中所采用的投影叠纹法(Projection moiré)之主要精神在於藉由两道空间频率相近或相同的光栅相互叠加而成的效应，其中一道为参考光栅，而本研究中的参考光栅是以程式产生可调整不同空间频率的虚拟光栅；另一道则为投影至待测物表面的光栅影像，而在起伏高度不一的待测表面上的光栅影像会受到待测物表面起伏状况不同而在观测方向产生光栅投影条纹影像的歪曲变形，将电脑产生的参考光栅与由影像撷取装置所获取投影於待测物表面的光栅影像作叠合，便会产生所谓的叠纹效应；利用基本的光学干涉理论与叠纹效应结合，本研究中以相移法来改变投影於待测表面的光栅相位，再以相移法的理论反运算出在带有待测面各点高度资讯之介於-π，π相位主幅角，再以离散傅立叶转换解偏微分方程的相位重建程式还原待测面的相位值，以得知待测面之表面轮廓。

Hospers, following Bouwsma, claimed that the sadness of some music, for instance, concerns not what is evoked in us, nor any feeling experienced by the composer, but simply its physiognomic similarity to humans when sad: it will be slow not tripping; it will be low not tinkling.

Hospers步Bouwsma的后尘，声言某音乐的悲伤性，无关乎音乐在我们的心里激发出来的东西，也无关乎作曲家曾经体验到的任何感情，而仅仅关乎音乐和悲伤着的人之间的那种相面术似的相似性：音乐是慢，却不是缓慢的舞步；音乐是慢，却不是铃铛作响。

For years physiognomy—the idea that a person's face is a reflection of his character—was sneered at.

很多年来，人们对宣扬人的面部是其性格的反映的相面术嗤之以鼻。

A linear\|algebra vector notation is developed, which clearly and concisely describes the interferogram fitting process.

文中采用移相干涉术[1，2 ] 来求取波面相位，最后还必须对干涉图像的离散采样点进行拟合处理。

Holographic phase-contrast interferometric microphotography was used in-situ to study the characteristics of the boundary layers of LFM (110) face.

利用全息相衬干涉显微术对(110 )面边界层特性进行实时观测和研究。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。