相转变

The phase transition and states of the lyotropic liquid crystals of chitosan in dichloroacetic acid were studied by polarized microscopy.

借助偏光显微镜研究了不同壳聚糖样品在二氯乙酸中的液晶相转变和液晶状态。

The crystal structure, phase transition, cross-section morphology and thermal expansion coefficient of the samples were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric and differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscope and dilatometry respectively.

通过X射线衍射仪、热重-差示扫描量热、扫描电子显微镜、热膨胀仪等分析手段对样品的晶体结构、物相转变、断面微观形貌和热膨胀性能进行表征。

In addition, doped-S also benefited the dispersity of TiO2, increased S and retarded phase transformation.

同时，S掺杂可以改善TiO2的分散性，增加其比表面积SBET并提高相转变温度。

The structure of resultant IPN hydrogels was successfully characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy; the water retention at 50℃ was measured gravimetrically; dependence of storage modulus on temperature and phase transition behavior were investigated by dynamic mechanical analysis and differential scanning calorimetry, respectively.

利用FTIR和SEM分别表征了凝胶的化学结构和内部形态；测定了凝胶在高温(50℃)时的退溶胀性能；利用DMA和DSC分别研究了凝胶的储能模量随温度的变化及热相转变行为。

The infrared spectra indicate that polyurea microcapsules have been successfully synthesized;all the TG thermographs show microcapsules containing n- hexadecane can sustain high temperature about 300 ℃ without broken and the DSC measurements display that all samples possess a moderate heat of phase transition; thermal cyclic tests show that the encapsulated paraffin kept its energy storage capacity even after 50 cycles of operation.

红外谱图显示合成了聚脲微胶囊，热重曲线表明含正十六烷的聚脲微胶囊能够耐受大约 300 ℃高温，差示扫描量热测试表明所有样品均具有合适的相转变热，冷热循环实验揭示微胶囊能够维持储热容量不衰减。

The results show that the microstructure of as-cast Ti-45Al-7Nb-0·15B-0·4W becomes fineafter being HIPped and heat treated, and a more perfect lamellar microstructure is got. The temperature ofαphase

结果发现： Ti-45Al-7Nb-0·15B-0·4W的铸态组织经过热等静压和均匀化处理后，其晶团尺寸减小，层片组织更为完整； Ti-45Al-7Nb-0·15B-0·4W合金的α相转变温度为(1 290±5)℃； Ti-45Al-7Nb-0·15B-0·4W合金在超过1 295℃的温度进行热处理时，其显微组织由近层片

Puerarin submicron emulsion was prepared by the complex-phase inversion-high pressure homogeneization technology.

以复合物-相转变-高压乳化法制备葛根素亚微乳，检测其粒径、ζ电位、微粒形态和药物在亚微乳各相中的分布。

The results show that this kind of IPN hydrogels are temperature-sensitive, and, compared with inorganically crosslinking PNIPAAm hydrogels, these IPN hydrogels exhibit enhanced storage modulus and ultrafast response rate, such as losing water of 90% within 10 min because of the porous structure which provides the water-releasing channel; by incorporation of PAAm network, the phase transition of PNIPAAm hydrogels is weakened, but the lower critical solution temperature is increased.

研究表明，该IPN凝胶具有温度敏感性；与未互穿的无机交联PNIPAAm凝胶相比，IPN凝胶具有多孔的网络结构和超快的响应速率，如10min内失去90%的水；其储能模量增加了3~4倍，相转变行为变弱，而最低临界溶解温度提高了1.4℃。

Shenyang 110016, China）Abstract: NiCrAlY coatings with two surface roughnesses, as-sprayed and polished state, were isothermally oxidized at 1050℃.

摘 要：将原始喷涂态和表面抛光态的NiCrAlY涂层在1050℃恒温氧化300h，利用XRD， SEM， EDS方法，测定涂层的氧化物及其相转变，分析表面氧化膜的生长破坏行为。

Through designing of composition and structure of the bioactive graded coating,innerstress and its distribution in the coating were analyzed and calculated, the resultsshowed that when composition distribution coefficient n was 1.5, a reasonable stressdistribution could be got, that was at the beginning of deposition the suspension containingrichly BG granules was used so that a rich BG granules layer, a good transitional layerbetween BG layer at the bottom and the coating could be obtained at the titanium alloy side,the bottom of the coating; the stress value near the interface and surface and its character,pressure stress or tensile stress, were decided by the character of its composition itself.Changing composition distribution coefficient n could only change the variation tendency ofstress in the coating, but did not change the stress distribution rule in the coating. Thethinner the coating is, the sharper stress variation in the coating is, which does not mean thatthicker coating is better because the thicker the coating is, the little the permitteddeformation of coating is, so the coating thickness should be thinner, for example, about50μm for bending applications, but for applications only bearing pure shear stress, such asroot of tooth implant, the coating can be thicker little, for instance, about 80～100μm. The study on electrification characteristic and electrophoresis deposition of HAand BG granules in aqueous and non-aqueous solution system found that EPD almost didn'toccur in aqueous solution system. However, because HA granules take position charges inabsolute alcohol, a homogeneous EPD be carried out on the cathode titanium alloy slice, but taking negative charge in absolute alcohol the BG granules not be deposited on the cathode. A guided HA crystallizing, 100～300nm, on surface of the BG granules be realized by metathetical reaction, which cover BG granules with HA microcrystals and make the covered BG granules taking position charges in absolute alcohol, sequentially realize the EPCD of the BG and HA granules on the cathode, so it is feasible to make a titanium alloy/BG/HA bioactive graded coating by making use of EPCD technology. The corrosion experiment of rich boron bioglass coating and plasma spray coating showed that split phase, rich boron and rich silicon phase, occurred during its preparation. In basic medium the corrosion behavior of 〓 BG coating showed uniformity corrosion, the corrosion mostly occurred at rich boron phase area, therefore batch formula design of BGshould avoid the occurring of split phase. The corrosion appearance of plasma spray coatingappeared a non-uniform corrosion, mostly occurred at the edge of the laminated HA moltendrops, and emerged an accelerated corrosion tendency, which will easyly lead to corrosioncrackles extending to the interface and the happening of osmotic interfacial corrosion, thatmay be one of the major reasons leading to the coating cracking-off in the later period. Thetesting results of thermal expansion coefficient of 〓 and 〓BG showed the thermalexpansion coefficient of 〓 BG matched with that of titanium alloy better, and 〓 BG couldsinter with titanium alloy into densification enamel layer at low temperature (720℃).

将Ti6Al4V合金在1000℃下进行真空热处理会降低其力学性能，且合金内的V元素会向表面富集，因此，钛合金真空热处理和表面涂层的烧结温度不能过高，即应低于其相转变点；通过对生物活性梯度涂层的组成和结构的设计，分析和计算了梯度涂层内的应力大小和分布，结果表明：对于本研究，当成分分布系数n=1.5时，可以获得较合理的涂层力学性能，即在沉积开始时，采用富含BG颗粒的悬浮液，以便在钛合金侧获得同底层BG有良好过渡的富BG涂层；梯度涂层界面和表面的应力大小、性质由材料组成本身的性质决定，改变成分分布系数，只能改变涂层内应力变化的趋势；涂层的厚薄不影响涂层内的应力分布规律，但涂层越薄，涂层内的应力变化越快，但这并不意味着涂层越厚越好，因为涂层越厚，涂层允许的变形越小，对于应用于弯曲受力部位的涂层而言，涂层应薄一点为好(50μm)；而对于仅纯受剪切应力的部位，如牙根种植体，涂层可适当加厚(80～100μm)；通过对HA和BG颗粒在水溶液体系和非水溶液体系中的带电特性和电泳沉积的研究发现，它们在水溶液体系中很难发生电沉积；在无水乙醇溶液中，HA颗粒带正电，可在阴极钛合金片上发生均匀的电泳沉积，而BG颗粒则带负电荷；利用复分解反应法，可以制得100～300nm的HA，通过诱导HA在BG颗粒表面结晶，可对BG颗粒进行表面包覆，获得了被HA包覆的BG颗粒，改变了BG颗粒表面的带电特性，使BG和HA颗粒在无水乙醇中均带上正电荷，从而实现了HA和BG颗粒在阴极上的共沉积。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。