相转变

However, silver ions not only promoted the formation of brookite phase but also reduced the phase transformation temperature of anatase to rutile.

同时，Ag+离子的掺杂不仅促进了钣钛矿的形成，并且降低了锐钛矿向金红石相的转变温度。

It is generally considered that the simple mechanical mixture of ferrite and cementite is gained in the pearlite transformation and there is prevenient phase in this process.

一般认为，珠光体转变得到铁素体和渗碳体的机械混合物，而且存在领先相。

economic mould ; traditional economy ; circular economy ; transformation

本文从经济增长模式与经济发展模式相适应的规律性问题，研究、探索传统经济向循环经济的转变。

1Niche construction can lead to stable coexistence of diverse genotypes in spatially structured population, which supports a stable polymorphism even without heterozygote superiority.(2)With habitat deterioration, niche construction accelerates the formation of steady polymorphism and hence impedes the harmful influences of environment on the population, which might embody a life-history strategy of organism under the unfavorable environment.(3)Niche construction results in the coexistence with alternative polymorphism through genotype-environment feedback and limited gene flow.(4)The niche-constructing organism is an active force to alter its environment and hence the direction of natural selection in order to better survival.(5)Spatial dynamics and distribution pattern of metapopulation are profoundly influenced by time-lagged niche construction.(6)Metapopulation size can reach a fixed level in the recency effect and equal weighting of time lag but is statistical stability in primacy effect, which implies the primacy effect is most remarkable.(7)The increment in the relative weightingof each generation\' niche construction and the length of time lag are significant factors for system destabilization.(8)Moderate capacity of positive niche construction benefits the metapopulation persistence.(9)The narrowing of niche breadth can decrease the metapopulation size and thereby increase the extinction risk.(10)The coupled function of time lag and niche construction make the system oscillation and generate the spiral wave, spiral-broken and circular wave in heterogeneous habitat.The spatial distributions of metapopulation and resource content are complementary due to a phase lag of their both frequencies.(12)Metapopulation persistence with niche construction depends not only on the balance between colonization and extinction, but also on the balance between the ability of niche construction and natural dissipation of habitat.(13)Metapopula-tion can survive under certain condition when the percent of suitable patches in habitat is lower than the ration of extinction to colonization.(14)Two thresholds exist in the process of transition of habitat quality dynamics from unsuitable to suitable, which include the intensity of niche construction and the initial condition of system.(15)Metapopulation size is positive correlated with the ability of positive niche construction, which means that organism or population who has strongly positive influences on their environment plays an important role to maintain the available habitat.

通过上述几个方面的研究，主要得出以下15条结论：(1)生态位构建可使空间结构种群，甚至是在没有杂合子优势的条件下，形成多种可能的稳定基因型分布模式；(2)随着环境的破坏与恶化，种群的生态位构建作用加速其较早形成稳定多态以阻碍环境对种群的不利影响，解释了有机体在不利环境下的一种生活史对策；(3)生态位构建作用通过基因型—环境反馈机制及有限的基因交流导致基因型多态的稳定共存；(4)有机体的生态位构建作用是一种积极的动力改变环境进而改变其自然选择的方向；(5)生态位构建的时滞作用对集合种群动态和空间分布产生深刻影响；(6)集合种群大小在时滞的崭新效应和等权重效应下达到一固定值，而在首位效应下达到统计稳定，表明首位效应的影响最显著；(7)首位效应下生态位构建相对权重的增量和时滞的长度是影响系统不稳定性动态的关键因素；(8)适中的生态位构建强度有利于集合种群的续存；(9)生态位宽度变窄会减少集合种群的数量从而增加其灭绝风险；(10)时滞和生态位构建的双重作用使系统产生周期振荡，并在异质性环境中产生稳定的螺旋波，破碎的螺旋波和环形波三种分布模式；(11)集合种群与资源含量的空间分布因为相滞而互补；(12)具有生态位构建的集合种群续存不仅取决于侵占率与灭绝率之间的平衡，而且依赖于生态位构建能力同其生境的自然消耗速率之间的妥协；(13)当生境中适合侵占的斑块比例小于其侵占率与灭绝率之比时，生态位构建作用促使集合种群在一定条件下续存：(14)生境斑块的状态从不适合到适合转变过程中存在生态位构建强度和系统初始条件这两个阈值；(15)集合种群的大小同正生态位构建能力正相关，意味着对环境具有较强正作用的有机体对维持有效生境起积极作用。

Of or relating to a climacteric .

与转变期相联系的主要阶段。

However, the traveller encountered drastic transformation after his contact with the Other in the Pacific. In his last travel writing In the South Seas, Stevenson adopted a contrapuntal viewpoint located in the space of "liminality," challenging the Western hegemonic discourse of imperialism. His anti-imperialist tendency offended his contemporary readers, and the struggle between two cultures rendered the travel text fragmented.

但是，旅行者的自我在交会区与差异极大的他者接触之后，旅行者的自我发生转变，在《南太平洋记行》采用「阈越的空间」的对位观点，呈现出反帝国主义的倾向，这种反帝国主义论述的倾向遭到当时西方读者的排斥，同时在西方与南太平洋文化的两相拉扯之下，呈现出支离破碎的文本。

Combine the cooling characteristic curve of quench media and the dynamics curve of continuum cooling phase change to select the quench media of materials is very useful, and it can obtain best microstructures and controlled crack polarity or distortion.

文章摘要：提出将淬火介质冷却特性曲线与材料的奥氏体连续冷却转变动力学曲线相结合，来选择材料的淬火介质，获得合适的显微组织并控制材料淬火过程中的变形、开裂倾向。

It is shown that the strengthening mechanisms came from many aspects, including the tension and compression of crystal planes, the bending and distortion of crystal lattices, the increase of dislocation density, the formation of cellular dislocations, the transformation of part of the residual austenites.

以300M超高强度钢为例，运用多种测试手段，如TEM、SEM、XRD以及金相分析技术，发现强化层组织中晶面的拉伸和压缩，晶格的弯曲和歪扭，位错密度的增高，胞状位错的形成，部分残余奥氏体向形变马氏体的转变等现象，在综合分析的基础上指出，位错强化是抗疲劳增寿的主要因素。

At last, the growth mechanism selection of the decagonal quasicrystal was also achieved by means of changing the structure of the nucleation substrate, which provides the direct experimental evidence for the theoretical research of quasicrystal.

且当熔体过冷度大于临界值时，单相准晶生长将发生从侧向生长向连续生长的粗糙化转变，最后通过改变触发形核衬底结构类型实现了连续和侧向两种生长机制的自由选择。

Actualization of individual account is a transition of social insurance system from pay-as-you-go and social-planning system to the combination of social planning and individual account. It is desired to deal with the defrayal crisis caused by the increasingly severe situation of aging of the population as well as to realize individual rights to own their own accounts. It is also the prerequisite to the market-oriented investment and operation of the funds in individual accounts in order to preserve and increase the value.

个人账户实账化是实现由现收现付、社会统筹的社会保险制度向社会统筹与个人账户相结合的社会保险制度转变，以应付我国日益严重的人口老龄化带来的支付危机的要求；是实现个人对个人账户权益的需要；是开展个人账户基金市场化投资运营，实现保值增值的前提。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。