相界

In the alloy studied in present paper,the mischmetal content is lower than the stoichiometrical composition,and some elements such as Co and Ni or Al-rich phase precipitation have occurred at the grain boundaries.

研究的合金中稀土元素含量低于化学比，晶界有Co，Mn和Al富集相析出。

Therelationship between the turbulent kinetic energy and its dissipation rate,whichis widely used to parameterize the dissipation rate in turbulence closure models,is found to hold well for both reversing and rotating flows,but with differentcoefficients.Microstructure profiling measurements at two comparative stations (a deepercentral basin and a local shelf break) in the stratified Yellow Sea are analyzed,with emphasis on tidal and internal-wave induced turbulence near the bottomand in the pyenocline.The water column has a distinct three-layer thermohaline structure,consisting of weakly stratified surface and bottom boundary layers anda narrow sharp pycnocline.Turbulence in the surface layer is controlled by thediurnal cycle of buoyancy flux and wind forcing at the sea surface.while thebottom stress induced by barotropic tidal eurrents dominates turbulence in thebottom boundary layer.The maximum level at which the tidally enhanced mixingcan affect generally depends on the magnitude of the tidal current,and it canbe up to 10-15 m in the Yellow Sea.This suggests that,in the deeper regionsof the shelf seas,turbulent dissipation and mixing are very weak at the levelsbetween the near-bottom tidally enhanced layer and the pycnocline.Therefore,these levels provide a significant bottle neck for the vertical exchanges.In theshallow regions,however,the tidally-induced turbulence can occupy the wholewater colum below the pycnocline.A quarter-diurnal periodicities of the turbulentdissipation rate and eddy diffusivity are found at different heights with evidenttime lag.In the relatively flat central basin,the pycnocline is essentially non-turbulent and internal-wave activity is very weak.Therefore,vertical fluxes acrossthe pycnocline decreased to molecular levels.In contrast,internal waves of variousperiods can be always found near the local shelf break.

对强层化季节黄海两对比性站位(分别位于中央海盆区与局地陆坡区)处层化、内波以及湍流混合特征的研究结果表明：1、强层化季节的陆架海水体一般呈现显著的三层热盐结构，在水体近乎混合均匀的上混合层与潮流底边界层之间为强跃层；2、近表层水体的湍流混合强度主要由海表浮力通量的日变化与海表风强迫控制，而在潮流底边界层内，潮混合是水体热量、物质、动量与能量垂直交换的主要机制；3、潮混合影响的深度由潮流大小决定，在黄海，一般可达10-15 m，因此，在水深较深的区域，在跃层与潮混合所至深度范围的上界之间存在湍流混合非常弱的区域，这显著抑制水体内物质的垂直通量，为物质垂直交换的瓶颈，而在水深较浅的区域，潮混合影响范围可至跃层底部，因此物质在跃层以下整个水体中混合非常均匀，当跃层内间歇性强混合发生时，可以产生显著的跨跃层物质输运；4、近底潮致强湍流耗散缓慢地向上传播，底上不同深度处垂直湍扩散系数也具有显著的位相差异，且二者均随时间呈现四分之一周日周期的变化；5、在地形较为平坦的中央海盆区，内波活动非常微弱，因此跃层内湍流混合非常弱，垂直扩散系数为分子扩散水平，跨跃层物质通量受到显著抑制，而在地形变化较为显著的局地陆坡区，内波活动非常活跃，除内潮的影响外，高频内波与内孤立波的影响也很显著，因此跃层内存在很强的间歇性强混合，内孤立波存在的区域，水体湍流混合显著增强。

By means of the achievements of the universalia of the Middle Age philosophy, the writer tries to justify that "being" is not only "immanent" within all things but also "transcendental" of them.

有关「有」的另一课题，是在这金字塔型架构顶端的「有」，与金字塔全部内容以及其基层的感官界的关系，吾人利用中世哲学的「共相之争」的成果，来证成「有」一方面「内存」於万物中，另方面又「超越」万物。

Comparing to the classic PI control, the results of the simulations show that the proposed controller is effective. It has a robust dynamic performance with a strong capability of restraining unmodeled dynamics and bounded disturbances.

通过换流站控制的仿真实验，与传统的PI控制仿真结果相比较，这种新颖的换流站控制器更加符合实际，具有抑制系统未建模动态和有界扰动的能力，因此具有更强的鲁棒性和自适应学习能力以及较好的动态性能。

The result shows that B combines with N prior to Al at high temperature and brings about coarse particles of BN (about 900 nm), which effectively reduces the amount of fine and dispersive AlN particles, and BN precipitate clinging to MnS precipitation coarsens MnS particles, the pinning of austenite grain boundary is alleviated and the grain growth of ferrite is suppressed.

结果表明高温时B优先于Al与N结合生成粗大的BN粒子(约900 nm)，有效降低了热轧过程细小而弥散的AlN析出量，同时BN依附MnS析出而粗化MnS粒子，减弱了细小弥散析出粒子对奥氏体晶界钉扎以及相变后铁素体晶粒长大的抑制作用。

A sample is put on the table which is processed into a inclined plane on the filmed plane, and two interfaces of a film are focalized, then the thickness is read out that is a difference between the heights of two interfaces of a film.

将实验样品的覆膜面打磨成斜面后平放在金相显微镜样品台上，分别对膜层的两个界面对焦，从对焦旋钮上读出两焦面的高度差即为膜层的厚度。

These traits accord with the trend in the printing circle which calls for improving the productivity, production quality, meliorating workplace environment and preventing giving off polluting air.

这恰与当今印刷界倡导地提高生产效率和产品质量，改善作业环境，防止排放污染气体的发展趋势是相一致的。

The lithography, sedimentary facies and sequence of the Mesozoic both outcropped in land and occurred offshore may correlate well.

陆区和海区中生界在岩性、岩相以及层序地层等方面存在可对比性。

Uncertain upper boundary function is learned on-line by using FNN, and proportion controller strengthens the completeness of FNN control strategy. FNN is trained by using disparity target learning error produced by FIE. This can avoid supersaturating problem made by feedback error directly, and restrain influence of measuring noise and improve control performance.

由于模糊技术与神经网络的结合能弥补彼此的不足，因此本文提出了一种模糊神经网络控制器与比例控制器相结合的控制方案，采用模糊神经网络在线学习不确定函数的上界，比例控制器增强模糊神经网络控制策略的完备性。

SiC polytypes of 6H and 15R and a transition zone between the two were observed under HREM and TEM and discussed from the point view of the crystal structures; the clear evidence of Al〓C〓 nucleated in the SiC particle was provided, indicating the aluminum penetrating the SiC grains is already carbon-saturated and, consequently, Al〓C〓 crystals grow in the particles wherever a temporary local supersaturating is produced; The experimental observation indicated that the types of the interface between SiC and Al are variable and the distribution feature of reaction product, Al〓C〓, were also given in the present work: to be nucleated on SiC, to be aggregated at SiC/Al interface zone or to be aggregated at the crystal boundaries.

通过高分辨透射电镜，本文观察到SiC增强体中6H和15R同质多晶现象及6H-15R SiC转变区，以及另外一种无序的SiC同质多晶，并从其晶体结构的角度解释了6H和15R在晶体内共存的现象。通过高分辨透射电镜，本文给出了Al〓C〓在SiC颗粒内部形核的明证，表明Al〓C〓形核是Al渗透到SiC颗粒内部在C过饱和处在SiC的（0006）面上而形核，而且一种可能的位相关系为A1〓C〓[11〓0]∥SiC[11〓0]。研究结果同时给出了SiC/Al复合材料的界面反应产物A1〓C〓的分布特征：在SiC上形核并生长，聚集于SiC/Al界面去附近，或者聚集于晶界上。

Plunder melds and run with this jewel!

掠夺melds和运行与此宝石！

My dream is to be a crazy growing tree and extend at the edge between the city and the forest.

此刻，也许正是在通往天国的路上，我体验着这白色的晕旋。