相术

Gasless laparoscopyassisted partial nephrectomy embodies the advantages of both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery,and will become a good choice for partial nephrectomy.

无气腹腹腔镜肾部分切除术将传统开放手术与腹腔镜技术相结合，学习曲线短，可能成为一种比较理想的肾部分切除的手术方式。

Gasless laparoscopy assisted partial nephrectomy embodies the advantages of both open surgery and laparoscopic surgery,and will become a good choice for partial nephrectomy.

无气腹腹腔镜肾部分切除术将传统开放手术与腹腔镜技术相结合，学习曲线短，可能成为一种比较理想的肾部分切除的手术方式。

The biomechanical tests showed that two kinds of artificial bones had not significant difference on compressive strength and Young\'s modulus(P＞0.05),while the flexural strength of nano-nacre artificial bone was less than the control group(P＜0.05).3.The results of CCK-8 showed that the difference were not significant in each group,the proliferation of osteoblast reached the peak at the 5th day;7 days after being co-cultured,the total protein content of study group was higher than control group and blank group(P＜0.05),while the difference between control group and blank group was not significantP＞0.05The difference of alkaline phosphatase activities among three groups was not significant(P＞0.05The SEM view showed that osteoblast attached and grew well in two kinds of artificial bone.4.X-ray photography showed that two kinds of powder started to degrade in 2 weeks;this phenomenon became more appear in 4 weeks,nano-nacre powder degraded faster than micron-nacre powder,while the hole shadow was easy to be found;in 8 weeks,all the femoral holes recovered and returned to normal bone mineral density in all groups.Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone grew fastest around the bone defect area in study group,while most slowly in blank groupP＜0.05 SEM(scanning electron microscope observation showed that nano-nacre powder degraded more quickly.The same result can be found through the demineralized sections morphometric analysis,and both of the composite artificial bones made from those two kinds of nacre powder had the good connection with the adjacent tissue in rats body without apparent inflammatory response.5.X-ray photography showed that rabbit\'s bone defects healed faster in study group since NNAB implanted than in control group since MNAB implanted.At 24 weeks after operation,bone density in radial defects had nearly accessed to the normal area,while lower in control group,and turned up nonunion in blank group;The checking of BMD showed that results in study group were higher than those in control group at 8,16 and 24 week(P＜0.05), and the difference between the BMD values in study group at 24 week and those in blank group was not significant(P＞0.05).The gross specimens showed satisfactory histocompatibility both in study group and in control group,with bone tissue growing from two sides into the center of implanted materials; Normal slices in HE stain and hard tissue grinding slices in Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin stain showed that the bone growth tendency was better in study group than that in control group,and the medullary cavity had been penetrated to the implanted materials in study group at 24 week;Analysis of tetracycline fluorescent double marks in the hard tissue grinding slices indicated that new bone in both groups grew fastest 8 weeks after surgery,while slow down at 16 week.

纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨分别与成骨细胞共培养后，其各时间点CCK-8法检测值与空白对照无显著差异(P＞0.05)，成骨细胞均在第5天达到增殖高峰期；培养7天后，实验组细胞蛋白含量高于对照组及空白组(P＜0.05)，后两者之间则无显著差异P＞0.05碱性磷酸酶活性在三组间均无显著差异(P＞0.05电镜下可见成骨细胞在两种人工骨上都有良好生长贴附能力。4.X-ray显示两种粉体在大鼠股骨骨洞植入第2周时都开始出现了降解，第4周时更为明显，纳米珍珠层粉较之微米珍珠层粉降解更快，而空白对照组骨洞阴影仍可见，至8周时，则所有组骨洞均己闭合修复，X-ray下已不可见原钻孔痕迹，恢复正常骨质密度；硬组织磨片四环素荧光双标记结果显示纳米珍珠层粉植入组较其余两组在骨缺损区周围新骨生长速度更快，空白组速度最慢P＜0.05电镜观察及常规脱钙切片亦可见到纳米粉体降解较快；由以上两种原材料制得的纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨与微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨在大鼠体内均与周围组织结合良好，无明显炎症反应。5.X-ray显示纳米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入兔桡骨缺损区后其骨愈合速度较对照组微米珍珠层/消旋聚乳酸复合人工骨植入的快，至植入术后24周，实验组骨缺损区接近正常骨密度，对照组骨缺损区密度较低，空白组则呈现骨不连状态；骨密度测量结果显示术后8周、16周、24周实验组的骨密度值高于对照组(P＜0.05，24周实验组的骨密度值与术前所测得的正常值无显著性差异P＞0.05动物取材大体所见均显示组织相容性良好，骨组织逐渐由植入材料两端向中央生长；常规切片HE染色及硬组织磨片Stevenel\'s blue/Van Geison\'s picro-fuchsin联合染色均可见实验组骨缺损区长势优于对照组，至术后24周，实验组骨髓腔与材料已呈相交通状；硬组织磨片荧光显微镜下观察，两组材料在术后8周处于骨生长最快速时期，16周时速度开始减慢，术后4、8、16周时实验组的新骨生长速度均较对照组的快

The anatomy relationship of venae hepaticae intermediae and its branches on gallbladder bed were analysed,which could be the reference during the LC.Results:For 112 patients suffered from inatrophic cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis,whose gallbladders were decoherence directdly from ectoptygma muscular coat close to the gallbladder wall.

结果：对于术前经彩色多普勒超声波检查明确的肝中静脉直接和胆囊床相贴的非萎缩性胆囊炎胆囊结石的102例患者，采用紧靠胆囊壁的浆肌层直接进行剥离；而慢性萎缩性胆囊炎胆囊结石的24例患者，采用胆囊粘膜切除，或者直接开腹手术切除，未发生因损伤胆囊床肝中静脉而大出血。

Gallbladder endoscopicmucosalresectionor open cholecystectomy were applied in 28 cases developed with chronic atrophic cholecystitis and cholecystolithiasis.No hemorrhoea resulted from venae hepaticae intermediae on gallbladder bed injury were occured in all the cases.

术前常规彩色多普勒超声波检查，明确胆囊床肝中静脉及属枝位置关系，对于肝中静脉与胆囊床相贴的病例，采用紧靠胆囊壁的浆肌层剥离，或采用胆囊粘膜切除，或直接开腹手术切除，可以避免因损伤胆囊床肝中静脉而导致大出血。

Methods Twenty-eight patients with neurogenic fecalinco ntinence (4 to 12 years of age), underwent suspension of pelvic floor by bilateral transposition of iliopsoas muscle. Pelvic floor training was started 3 week spost-operatively. The continence was assessed on clinical symptoms, Barium en ema and anal manometry.

本组28例，年龄4～12岁，手术方式为双侧髂腰肌转移盆底肌加强或替代术，术后第3周起行康复训练，采用临床主观评定、钡灌肠以及直肠肛管测压相结合的方式对其肛门功能进行评价。

The studies of premagnification and phase-shifting lensless Fourier digital holography［J］.

预放大相移无透镜傅里叶变换显微数字全息术的研究［J］。

RESULTS: Virtual anatomical models could concurrently show bony and membranate vertebral canals. These exhibited comprehensive and minute bony anatomic structure of cervical vertebrae and anatomic information regarding dura mater, spinal cord, and nerve sleeve for pre-surgery evaluation and virtual surgery. The imaging virtual anatomic information was in accordance with practical anatomical information in patients.

结果：仿真解剖模型可同步显示骨性椎管和膜性椎管，为术前评估和模拟手术提供了颈椎全面、细微骨性解剖结构和硬膜囊、脊髓、神经根袖等软组织受压等解剖信息，与患者实际解剖相符合。

Holographic phase-contrast interferometric microphotography was used in-situ to study the characteristics of the boundary layers of LFM (110) face.

利用全息相衬干涉显微术对(110 )面边界层特性进行实时观测和研究。

Using holographic phase-contrast interferometric microphotography, the solute concentration distribution was measured during lithium formate monohydrate crystal growth at 312.25K in-situ, and the interface supersaturations were calculated.

本文采用激光全息相衬干涉显微术研究了有机非线性光学晶体一水甲酸锂晶体的生长，计算了晶体生长的界面过饱和度。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。