相对生长

Generally, the figure of the one in the cave is smaller, the growing speed is very slow and the season growing is not obvious, mainly because of lack of food and the low temperature (around 15℃) in the karst cave water. In the numerable characters, the anal fin, scale of encircle tail and gill raker of the one in the cave are in the tendency of increasing so as to adapt to the narrow water passage in the karst cave, while the length of the cave Cyprinus carpio is lengthening comparing with the one on the surface.

结果表明：从总体看洞穴鲤鱼的体形比地表鲤鱼小，生长速度缓慢，季节生长不明显，主要影响因子是洞穴内食物贫乏和水温较低（15℃左右）；在可数性状中，洞穴鲤鱼的臀鳍条、围尾柄鳞和鳃耙有增多趋势，即增加了感觉细胞的附着基底；为适应洞穴水流域的狭窄通道，洞穴鲤鱼的体长相对地表鲤鱼而言有延长现象。

The results showed that with the normal dosage 60g/hm2, inhibiting rate of the plant height and weight of Taiyu 2, Jinzhenzhu, Taiyu 15, Zinuo and other three breeds are beyond 40% and 30%, and it is obvious that plant growing is inhibited, the leaves etiolate and new leaves twist severely and couldn't grow normally. Inhibiting rate of the plant height of Ziyu 2, Taiyu 2, Liaoyu 18, Ludan 50, Zhengdan 958 and some other varieties are between 30.6% and 38.1%, the sensitivity of these varieties are lower and the plant modalities are not influenced bigger; in addition, Nongda 108, Nongda 2008, Xinyu 958 and Taiyu 12 grow healthy, the resistance to nicosulfuron are higher compared with other varieties.

温室盆栽测定结果表明，在烟嘧磺隆大田常规用量60g ai/hm2下，各品种对药剂的敏感性差异显著，泰玉2号、金珍珠、泰玉15号、紫糯等7个品种对烟嘧磺隆表现较为敏感，株高抑制率均在40.4%以上，鲜重抑制率在31.37%以上，表现为植株生长受到抑制，叶片黄化，新叶牛尾状扭曲不能正常抽出；淄玉2号、泰玉2号、聊玉18、鲁单50、鲁原单14、郑单958等品种的株高抑制率在30.6%～38.1%，敏感性略低；而农大2008、农大108、鑫玉958和泰玉12号生长正常，耐药性相对较高，无明显药害症状。

The virtual metamer with inbuilt physiological status and procedures, capability of dynamic deformation and reasoning can autonomously respond to environmental heterogeneity.

论文工作的特殊贡献在于将人工生命、机器学习、智能计算、仿真技术、植物学、植物生理学、系统生物学等理论、方法与技术整合到虚拟植物智能生理引擎中，能够在专家数据支持有限的情况下自动地学习、发现植物生长的规律，用相对简单的生理过程和规则产生植物生长发育的复杂智能行为，为虚拟植物提出了新的研究方法和建模方式。

Bamboo variation ofmicrodensity of all age-degree and all height bamboo from bamboo green tobamboo yellow as follows:The downtrend ladder of microdensity the firststage from bamboo green to bamboo yellow is relatively large,normally at theplace 0.35 from bamboo hull(the thickness of from bamboo hull to bambooyellow is 1)micro-density downtrend ladder begin to get smaller,variancerange of microdensity is smaller.When reaching near bamboo yellow area,microdensity reaches its minimum value,and when reaching bamboo yellowsection density increase rapidly,the minimum density of bamboo is only 50% orless of maximum density.Bamboo yellow is comprised of stone cells whichhave thick cell wall,so its density is high,normally 50% to 100% more thanminimum density.Bamboo yellow′s lay thickness is thin,normally the samethickness for all age-degree and all height bamboo,about 0.8mm.From 1 age-degree bamboo to 2 age-degree bamboo during growth,the increase of averagedensity is mainly in bamboo pulp section,from 3 age-degree bamboo to 4 age-degree bamboo,the decrease of average density is mainly decrease in the pulpsection.Same age,same height,the less the density ladder of bamboo radialthickness,the higher the mechanical strength.

所有年龄所有高度的竹材微密度从竹青到竹黄对材性变异规律如下：从竹青到竹黄开始下降梯度较大，一般到相对竹皮距离0.35左右处(整个竹壁厚度为1)，竹材微密度下降梯度减小，微密度的变化范围变小，到近竹黄处，微密度达最小值，而后到竹黄部位密度大幅上升，竹材最小密度一般只有最大密度的50％或更低，竹黄由厚壁的石细胞组成，所以密度较大，一般比最小密度增大约50％-100％，厚度较薄，不同年龄不同高度竹材的竹黄厚度相差无几，约在0.8mm左右；竹材从1度竹到2度竹生长过程中，平均密度的增长主要发生在竹肉部分，从3度竹到4度竹生长过程中，平均密度的下降主要发生在竹肉部分，同一年龄同一高度，竹壁厚径向的密度梯度越小，力学强度越高，随着年龄的增大，密度梯度越来越小(1度竹除外)，随着高度增加，密度梯度越来越大。

The results showed that the rhizosphere medicine could increase survival rate, height, DBH, relative turgidity of bark and tree capacitance and decrease morbidity and contagious index dramatically. Two kinds of application methods were adopted: one was called the soil-mixed method and another called the root-dipping method.

结果表明，根际微生态保健剂对造林成活率、树皮相对膨胀度、树体电容、树木的高生长和胸径生长具有明显的促进作用，对林木的发病率和感病指数有明显的降低作用。

In this paper, a 2-year field manipulative experiment was conducted to study the effects of clipping (stubbled 1 cm, stubbled 3 cm, and unclipped), fertilizing, and watering on the compensatory growth of Elymus natans . The compensatory height, specific leaf area, net photosynthesis rate, and relative growth rate were measured, aimed to approach the compensatory mechanism of the species.

通过为期2年的野外控制实验，研究了刈割高度（留茬1 cm、3 cm及不刈割）、施肥和浇水处理对垂穗披碱草补偿生长的影响，并结合对各处理分株密度、比叶面积、净光合速率和相对生长率的变化研究，探讨了其补偿生长机制。

The biological characters of p5CS-bar gene transgenic wheatgrasse and control plants were observed and analysed that none but caudex have marked differences(0.05); The values of plant height、spike length、spike width and stem/leaf are less than control plants, leaf length and leaf width are more than control plants; Under the same condition of growth and climate to compare transgenic wheatgrass with control plants we can see that trning-green sage is advance, defer procreate period, long viridity period, growth speed become slow and the figure of curves is"S", more tillers.

2对转p5CS-bar基因冰草阳性植株和阴性对照植株进行生物学性状观测比较，分析得出：只有丛茎差异显著，显著水平为0.05；株高、穗长、穗宽和茎叶比的值均稍小于对照，叶长和叶宽的值稍大于阴性对照；在栽培、气候相同条件下，返青期相对提前，生育期推后，青绿期延长；生长速度变缓，在整个生育期呈"S"型生长曲线；分蘖能力增加。

Functional Ecology , 8, 551– 562.Hertling UM, Lubke RA (2000) Assessing the potential for biological invasion — the case of Ammophila arenarian . South African Journal of Science , 96, 520– 527.Lambers H, Poorter H (1992) Inherent variation in growth rate between higher plants: a search for physiological causes and ecological consequences.

室内环境控制实验相对于野外自然环境而言，为植物的生长提供了更充足的水肥营养，已有研究报道较高的资源有效性会引起能量投资成本的降低(Martínez et al 。， 2002)，可以使植物将更多的能量用于加速生长和资源竞争。

Heddewigii, Dianthus barbatus L, Dianthus latifolius, Dianthus caryophyllus and Dianthus chinensis var. liaotungensis, with relatively high fructification rates and certain traffic tolerance, showed little difference in ecological adaptability and exhibited an average seedling height of 20cm and a mean crown size of 23cm, and pruning during the late growth period could obviously promote flowering and reduce the seedling height by 3cm. While Dianthus barbatus L. and Dianthus phlox subulata, with relatively low fructification rates and higher traffic tolerance, had an unobvious difference in ecological adaptability, which present an average seedling height of 14cm and a mean crown size of 36cm, and pruning during the late growth period could promote flowering to some extent and reduce the seedling height by 2cm.

其中，大红石竹、锦团石竹、五彩石竹、五寸石竹、浓香石竹、重瓣石竹品种间差异小，平均苗高20cm，冠幅23cm，结实率相对高，有一定耐践踏能力，在生长后期进行修剪能很好的促进开花并降低株高3cm；常夏石竹和美国地被石竹品种间差异小，平均苗高14cm，冠幅36cm，结实率低，耐践踏能力稍强，在生长后期进行修剪能较好地促进开花并降低株高2cm。

This article mainly discusses the large-scaled cultural conditions of clone in Gametophyte Laminaria .It studies the proper temperature, light time, light intensity, the consumption of nitrogen and phosphorus, the cultural state and inoculating density on the growth of gametophytic clone, the experiment of large-scaled culture had been done under comparatively proper conditions, in the same time, we studied the growth rule of gametophytic clone in the cultural process.

本文主要探讨了海带配子体克隆的大规模培养条件，对海带配子体克隆生长的适宜温度、光照时间、光照强度、营养盐消耗、培养状态以及接种密度进行了研究，并在相对适宜条件下进行了大规模培养实验，同时，对海带配子体克隆在培养过程中的生长规律进行了研究。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了