相对地

The main work and the originality points of this dissertation could be concluded as the following parts:(1) To analyze systematically the mathematical model of LES of air flow in great space, under the case of isothermal and non-isothermal, as well as the combined action of buoyancy and strain. Some basic problems are studied about the LES application into airflow simulation of great space, such as boundary conditions, spatial difference scheme and time advancing scheme, time step etc., which creates the basis for the LES application to indoor airflow simulation.(2) Both the instantaneous and time averaged flow field of great space with multiple jets under isothermal and non-isothermal cases are explored with large eddy simulation method, and also discussed the dynamic characteristics and the law of fluidflow in the great space.(3) Based on the results of LES of the great space and the Fanger thermal comfort indexes, it is brought forward the concept of the series of dynamic thermal comfort evaluating indexes, which could be divided into thermal comfort index with time averaged properties PD, PPD, PMV, thermal comfort index with instantaneous properties IPD, IPPD, IPMV, and time averaged thermal comfort indexes TAPD, TAPPD, TAPMV, and transient situations time averaged thermal comfort indexes TTAPD, TTAPPD, TTAPMV. The differences among them and the calculation methods are discussed, and the four kinds of indexes are calculated with the thermal comfort index PD as an example.(4) Based on the LES results it is discussed the hot air stratification phenomena in air-conditioned buildings in the case with air supply and return registers on the ceiling and the case on the sidewall. The fundamentals of the hot air stratification are studied and the relations of estimating hot air stratification are brought forward.(5) With the advanced apparatus such as hot wire film anemometer IFA300 and laser particle field anemoscope, corresponding model test and site measurements have been done, which are compared with the simulation results and LES is proved a very promising method in air flow simulation indoor.

本文主要工作既创新点体现在以下几个方面：(1)系统分析了等温、非等温和考虑剪切力与浮升力综合作用的高大空间大涡模拟数学模型，并研究了高大空间大涡模拟在室内气流仿真应用中的一些基本问题，如边界条件、空间离散格式和时间推进格式、时间步长选择等问题，为大涡模拟在室内气流计算中的广泛应用打下了基础；(2)首次用大涡模拟方法研究了高雷诺数下高大空间多射流在等温、非等温情况下的瞬时流场和时均流场分布，并探讨了多射流流场的动态特性和流动规律；(3)基于大涡模拟的动态仿真结果和Fanger的热舒适指标，首次系统地提出了动态热舒适评价指标体系的概念：即基于时间平均参数的热舒适指标PD、PPD、PMV；基于瞬时参数的瞬时热指标IPD、IPPD、IPMV；基于时间平均热舒适指标TAPD、TAPPD、TAPMV；以及沿行动迹线的时间平均热舒适指标TTAPD、TTAPPD、TTAPMV，并分析了四类热舒适指标的差异性和计算方法，还以PD值为例对四类指标分别进行了计算；(4)基于数十种工况下空调房间大涡模拟的结果，研究了空调建筑上送上回和侧送侧回两种情况下热分层现象，并探讨了热分层的基本规律，首次提出了避免热分层现象的判断公式；(5)在暖通空调领域，首次使用IFA300热线风速仪、激光粒子速度场仪等先进设备，完成了与大涡模拟相对应的模型试验，并把实测结果与仿真结果进行了对比，说明LES在室内气流仿真方面是一种很有前景的方法。

In the thesis, it was shown that the latitude variation of the angular dispersion should mainly depend on square sum of lower degree deduced Gaussian coefficients if the non-axial-dipole component vs. the axial-dipole component is small.

本文证明，如果地磁场非轴向偶极子分量相对轴向偶极子分量为小量，那么VGP角散布的纬度变化主要由低阶约化Gauss系数的平方和决定。

Most of the time, the apparent motion ofMarsinEarth's skyis in one direction, slow but steady in front of the far distant stars.

火星在地球的天空中的视觉运动大多是单向的，相对于遥远背景恒星稳定且缓慢地向前行。

The newly issued National Elementary and Middle School Equipment Standard in the echo of education reform has a different content from the past ones which added a lot of regulation on educational equipment. It is an important subject, exploring whether the organization manner and application effect is appositely assisting teaching, that is to say what relative result we will get considering the service input and output.

在教育改革风潮下，新颁之国民中小学设备基准（2002），其内容有别以往对教学设备方面增加大量的规定，其设置情形和使用成效是否适切地辅助教学，意即资源投入与产出相对应结果如何是一重要课题。

Compared with modified arc tangent function model, it is more reasonable for predicting the slope of the characteristic of the core at deep saturation.

相对于修正反正切函数模型，能更为合理地预测铁芯深度饱和后的特性。

On the basis of the analysis of the scores, the author makes conclusions about the characteristics of Schubert"s last three piano sonatas as followings: 1 The device of universal development in the movements composed in sonata form and rondo-sonata form is the most distinctive feature in the last three sonatas, which is also decisive in the trend of the whole movement and makes the developments relatively "still". 2 In the device of themes, the method of irregularity is preferred. However, By using extension, abbreviation, repetition and further repetition of periods, Schubert brings those themes to ingenious balance in both architectonics and aesthetics. 3 Chain method is applied in the connection of themes, in which the previous material is taken as basis and then modified together with the variations of new materials. By this way, the theme is continuously developed. 4 The principle of the dominant-subordinate is followed in Schubert"s three-key exposition, and the process of each key is extended.

本文在详尽分析乐谱的基础上，对最后三首奏鸣曲的主要创作特点进行了以下总结： 1、奏鸣曲式和奏鸣回旋曲式乐章中展开的普遍化是最后三首奏鸣曲最为显著的特点，它决定了整个乐章的走向，并使展开部具有相对"静止"的特点； 2、舒伯特的主题写作中更喜欢运用非方整性写法，并通过自身材料的延长、缩减和重复或者更高一级的段落重复使其达到了结构上和审美上的巧妙平衡； 3、舒伯特喜欢用链式的主题贯穿方式，音乐以之前的材料为依据，经过变化后再加入新的材料，用这种方式不间断地发展； 4、舒伯特的三调呈示部遵循从主到属的总体原则，并扩展了调性历程。

His discussion of "directional movement" and "relative strength" are articulately presented in terms of both theory and practice and are complete with charts and actual examples.

不管是在理论上，还是在实践上，他十分清楚地阐述了"方向性移动"和"相对强势"的观念，而且有一堆图表和实际的例子配合解释。

In particular, the new ascendancy of the emerging economies has changed the relative returns to labour and capital.

特别地，新兴经济体的新支配地位已经改变了劳动和资本的相对回报。

For solve problem these, we basis these design one computer lab fire prevention the burglary-resisting system, computer lab fire prevention burglary-resisting system through infrared sensor , temperature sensor , gas detector has lenses, spend the system lasting 24 hours to control to the computer lab to transmit to the picture , find unusual situation autoalarm , play a firing prevention theft- proofly role really , can make computer system relatively safe in one, in the reliable environment , operate steadily for a long time , and lengthen service life as much as possible .

为了解决这些问题，我们依据这些设计了一套机房防火防盗系统，机房防火防盗系统通过红外传感器，温度传感器，气体探测器还有摄像头，利用系统对图像传输对机房实施二十四小时监控，发现异常情况自动报警，真正起到防火防盗作用，能够使计算机系统在一个相对安全，可靠的环境里，长时间稳定地运转，并尽可能延长使用寿命。

The average relative error between calculated value and test result was 3.09%,which could meet the requirements of engineering calculation.

计算值与试验值的平均相对误差为3.09%，可以较好地满足工程计算的需要。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！