相合性

Kulldorf'book(1961)sysmatically studied the MLE of the location and scale pa-rameters belonging to the exponential family,Kulldorf proved that the MLE wasconsistent and has asymptotically normal distribution.

Kull-dorf（1961）在所著的书里系统地研究了如何利用分组数据求指数分布族的位置参数与尺度参数的最大似然估计，并且证明了MLE的相合性与渐近正态性。

In this paper we generalize Bernstein inequality of t he sequence of independent random variables to the martingale difference s, then we give an application of this inequality.

本文将独立随机变量序列的Bernstein型不等式推广到鞅差序列情形，给出该不等式的一个应用，并在一定条件下证明了非参数回归中函数估计的强相合性。

Under some conditions, the consistency of kernel estimation is summarized in theory, and the estimation becomes more stable, the traditional parameter method has no such merit .

从理论上证明了在一定条件下，核估计的相合性。

The linear structural EV model studied in the paper can be written aswhere are the observations and measurement error of Xi and yi respectively ,and ij, Xi, ij are p-vectors .The paper presents the estimators of ,.Under some suitable conditions ,strong consistency is obtained .

对于一般线性结构型EV模型，即ξ_=X_i+δ_，η_=y_i+ε_=α+X_i′β+ε_，j=1，…n_i；i=1，…，k，…(0.2)其中ξ_(ij，η_，δ_，ε_分别是自变量X_i和因变量y_i的观测值和观测误差，ξ_，X_i，δ_是p维向量本文给出了参数β，α的估计，并在适当条件下，得到了估计的强相合性。

We show that under appropriate conditions,the SCAD-penalized least squares estimator is consistent for variable selection and that the estimators of nonzero coefficients have the same asymptotic distribution as they would have if the zero coefficients were known in advance.

在一定的条件下，我们证明了SCAD惩罚最小二乘估计的变量选择具有相合性，并且得到非零系数的估计与零系数已知情况下的估计具有相同的渐近分布。

The dissertation focuses on performance gradient estimation and SRO algorithm of DES aswell as other related topics,such as modeling of DES and discrete event simulation,performancemeasure Hessian matrix estimation,Stochastic Approximationand so on.General Semi-Markov Processis adapted to describe behaviour of DES and discrete eventsimulation.A general result is obtained and applied to analyze strong consistency of performancegradient Perturbation Analysisestimator.Conditions for effectiveness of InfinitesimalPerturbation Analysisare also discussed.New PA algorithms,such as server PA,PA usingDirac generalized function,job sequence PA etc.,are proposed to deal with discreteparameters.Furthermore,strategies of combining PA algorithms with certain iterative rules areanalyzed widely in order to optimize DES parameters and some SRO algorithms are constructed toslove DES optimization problems.

论文将DES性能分析领域中性能梯度估计和单运行仿真优化作为主要的研究对象，探讨了与性能梯度估计有关的DES和离散事件仿真过程建模、高阶导数估计以及随机逼近等理论和方法；建立了具有一般性的DES和离散事件仿真的广义半Markov过程模型；获得了分析性能梯度估计量强相合性的理论结果和无穷小摄动分析算法应用的条件；提出了诸如服务台数目的摄动分析、奇异摄动分析、串联生产线和加工车间中工件加工序的摄动分析等一系列摄动的思想和算法，对连续参数和离散参数都进行了深入的研究；对摄动分析算法同优化规则结合实现仿真优化的策略也进行了广泛的分析，构造了新型的变界截尾的随机逼近算法，并用于DES的单运行仿真优化研究；最后，给出了DES性能分析方法的实证性研究结果。

In chapter 1, regression models with censored data, LSE for censored regression models and LAD estimation for models with fixed censoring point are introduced. Then, we state our main results for LAD estimator of nonlinear regression models with randomly censored data, including consistency, boundedness in probability and asymptotic normality. The proofs of our main theorems are given in detail. In chapter 2, we state the main difficulty of obtaining numerical solution for censored LAD estimation, and recall the history of studies on this problem including some anterior algorithms.

在第一章，首先介绍删失线性回归模型的基本概念和性质，并对已有的估计方法，如最小二乘估计、固定点删失的最小一乘估计等做了简单的回顾；然后，把固定点删失线性回归模型的最小一乘估计方法推广到了随机删失、非线性模型的情形，并得到了估计量的一些渐近性质，如相合性、渐近正态性等；最后，给出主要结果的详细证明过程。

The asymptotic unbias edness and the strong consistency and rate of convergence under given conditions are obtained.

在测度弱收敛的意义下，研究了一般概率测度μ的核估计μn，得到了它的渐近无偏性、强相合性及在给定条件下的收敛速度。

In this paper,samples as a sensitive issue in two kinds of random survey answered model,from two angles of a large sample theory and a small sample theory respectively,the estimates obtained by the quantity of unbiasedness ,effectiveness,consistency of the strength of the areas of evaluation and assessment are to survey it is reasonable and effective.

以敏感问题调查中两种随机化回答模型为例，分别从小样本理论和大样本理论两个角度，对所得到的估计量进行无偏性、有效性、强弱相合性等方面的评估，从而评价此种统计调查方法的合理性和有效性，最后给出两种模型的实例分析。

Similarly, we give out the proof of the consistency and asymptotical normality of the estimators.

使用类似的手法，我们证明了该估计的相合性和渐近正态性。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。