相变点

The extended Poincare map in this paper needs twosurfaces of sections transversal to the flow in phase space,i.e.,relates the crossing of a plane containing one of the collinear libration points back to the periapsis passage.Meanwhile,the map is calculated numerically using the Total-Variation-Diminishing Runge-Kutta integration method to get a good description of the Poincare sections.

文中的推广的Poincare映射需要在相空间中选取两个与流相截的面，即将包含某个天平动点的截面通过轨道来映射到近拱点的通道面上的，在数值上通过总变差减小的Runge-Kutta方法来实现两个相面之间的映射。

For a monotone twist map the well-known Birkhoff fixed point theoremsays that the circles with rational rotation number will break up whence a finitenumber of pairs of periodic points arise,half of which are elliptic and the othershyperbolic.Moreover,around each elliptic periodic point a few of new invariantcurves will appear and make a picture of phase space with a self-similar structure.Again one may ask is there a similar picture for higher dimensional Hamiltoniansystems?

对于单调扭转映射，著名的Birkhoff不动点定理指出，在通有情况下旋转数为有理数的不变曲线一般会破裂，在原来的不变曲线附近会产生有限多对周期点，其中一半是双曲的，一半是椭圆的，而在椭圆型周期点的周围又会产生一圈圈的不变曲线，使得椭圆周期点附近的动力学行为和整个相空间的动力学行为十分相象，换句话说，整个相空间具有无限嵌套的自相似结构，自然又产生了一个问题：对于自由度数目大于2的高维哈密顿系统，其相空间是否有类似的图象？

Furthermore, the simulations of high speed modulation in nonidentical quantum wells and quantum dot laser diodes are also available in this thesis.

另外本论文也替相异双重量子井与量子点雷射二极体的高速直接调变进行纯理论模拟，探讨双重量子井与量子点中的直接调变。

An instantaneous optimal semi-active control method is put forward. Combined sliding mode control with lyapunov's stability theory, the control weights matrix, which can minimize structural instantaneous energy, is designed. Simulation and shaking table test is conducted to validated the method's effectiveness. To solve combination explosion of controlled structural state encountered in high-rise building control, the semi-active control strategy, which can drive structural state point to reach the sliding mode switching band, is designed by using sliding mode control theory, and genetic algorithm is used to find the optimal semi-active switching to drive the structural state point to sliding mode switching band at prestissimo speed.

提出了一种瞬时最优半主动结构控制方法，利用滑模变结构控制理论和Lyapunov稳定性理论设计使结构瞬时能量最小的半主动控制权矩阵，仿真实例和振动台试验验证了本文所提方法的有效性和实用性；为解决在高层建筑半主动控制中半主动控制器状态组合爆炸的问题，利用滑模变结构控制理论设计在Lapunov稳定意义下使结构在运动状态空间中任一相点于以最快速率到达滑模切换带的半主动控制策略，并用遗传算法找出了最快到达滑模切换带的半主动控制切换组合。

In metastable equilibrium phase diagram of quinary system Li+, Na+, KV/C032, B4O72 -H2O at 288K, there are six crystallization fields (saturated with Li2CO3): K2CO3 -3/2H2O, Na2CO3 MOHjO, NaKCO3 -6H2O, K2B4O7 5H2O, Li,B2O4 -16H2O and Na2

五元体系Li~+，Na~+，K~+∥CO_3~(2-)，B_4O_7~(2-)—H_2O 288K稳定相图中，有六个Li_2CO_3饱和的结晶区：K_2CO_3·3／2H_2O，K_2B_4O_7、·4H_2O，Na_2CO_3·10H_2O，Na_2B_4O_7·10H_2O，NaKCO_3·6H_2O及Li_2B_4O_7·3H_2O；九条单变度曲线及四个无变度点。

Afterwards, a novel control strategy is put forward. A Swept-frequency with separate and self-excitation switching is applied in starting circuit, which can look for resonant point automatically.

然后，提出一种新型的逆变控制策略，启动电路采用扫频方式自动找寻负载谐振工作点；工作状态控制采用锁相环技术和重叠角随动控制相结合的方法。

Both the scattering and rheological results indicated that the phenomenon similar to"double cloud point", which has been found along the vorticity direction by previous studies, could be also observed in the velocity direction, which confirms the prediction of the above theory that the polymer blend will exhibit anisotropical complex phase diagram under shear. It's also found that the mixing along vorticity direction was reduced by weak shear but enhanced by strong shear. In addition, the more remarkable the molecular weight differences between components, the more prominent the shift of the apparent phase boundary along vorticity direction.

除了以往研究发现涡流方向存在&双浊点&现象以外在，本文的光散射和流变测试均显示，剪切场下体系在流动方向上也出现了类似&双浊点&的现象，证实了上述理论模型关于剪切场会导致二元高聚物共混体系出现各向异性的复杂表观相图（例如Miscibility Gap现象）的预测；同时发现弱剪切会导致体系涡流方向上的相容性减小，而强剪切则在该方向上增强相容性；另外，两组分分子量的差异越大，表观相界的移动越显著。

Based on the solubility data, the phase diagram of the system was plotted, which consists of three univariant curves E1E, E2E and E3E, one invariant point E and three crystallization fields: KCl, K2B4O74H2O and K2SO4 The experimental result s show that potassium chloride had the salting-out effect on potassium borate (K2B4O74H2O), and potassium sulphate (K2SO4) Meanwhile, the law of density was discussed briefly.

根据实验数据绘制了相应的相图。相图中有一个共饱点E，三条单变曲线E1E，E2E和E3E；三个结晶区平衡固相分别为：K2B4O74H2O，K2SO4和KCl。实验结果表明KCl对K2B4O74H2O和K2SO4有盐析作用，并简要讨论了密度变化规律。

Three types of base asphalt and six SBS were used to produce SBS modified asphalt. The interaction of SBS modified asphalt was discussed in different states between the base asphalt and SBS based on their compositions. Through the traditional tests, such as penetration, soften point and ductility, and US SHRP tests, the results indicated that influences to affect the temperature susceptibility, high and low temperature performance, aging characteristics are base asphalt, SBS types and their dosages. The functions of penetration to viscosity and complex shear modulus G~* to complex dynamic shear viscosity η~* were set up, and then theviscosity-temperature susceptibility of wide temperature span and the calculation method of low temperature viscosity were obtained."Process" evaluation criterions, high grading critical temperature T_ and low grading criticaltemperature T_ , were suggested according to the high and low temperatureperformances of SBS modified asphalt. Using the experience of Repeated Creep and Recovery Test for Binders, a new high-temperature evaluation index,modification rutting factor G~*~(-9) was obtained. The results after RTFO and PAV aging indicated that traditional tests didnt differentiate base asphalt and SBS modified asphalt, but dynamic mechanics temperature spectrum and G*-5 black chart clearly reflected the influence of aging to the SBS modified asphalt. With the IR and GPC tests, the reason of aging to the SBS modified asphalt were due to asphalt phase oxygenated and SBS phase depredated.

论文选择3种油源的基质沥青和6种SBS改性剂制备改性沥青，通过分析基质沥青和SBS改性剂的组成结构特点，得出了不同状态下SBS改性沥青的SBS与基质沥青的相互作用机理；通过针入度、软化点、延度等常规试验以及美国SHRP试验，分析了基质沥青、SBS改性剂类型与剂量对SBS改性沥青的温度敏感性、高低温特性及老化特性的影响；建立了针入度-粘度、复数模量G~*-复数粘度η~*的换算关系，得出了宽温度域的粘温指数VTS和较低温度下粘度的计算方法；通过高低温性能分析提出了&过程&评价参数高温等级温度T_和低温等级温度T_；借鉴重复恢复与蠕变试验研究成果，得到了SBS改性沥青高温评价指标改进型抗车辙因子G~*~(-9)；RTFO和PAV老化后的性能试验结果表明，常规试验难以区分SBS改性沥青与基质沥青的差异，而动态力学温度谱、G~*-δ黑斑图可以反映老化作用对SBS改性沥青的影响，且通过IR试验和GPC试验得出SBS改性沥青老化是沥青相的氧化和SBS的降解共同引起的；通过不同温度下SBS改性沥青混合料的旋转压实SGC试验，根据粘度与剪变率的关系，提出用剪变率60(1／s)测试SBS改性沥青的粘温曲线，并按照0.17±0.02Pa.s和0.28±0.03Pa.s确定施工温度。

The ferrite phase transformation can be induced when magnetic field is given in the austenite region below curie point for Mn-Cr steel.

对于Mn-Cr钢，在居里点以下奥氏体区的保温过程中施加磁场，诱发铁素体相变。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。