相变

Conventional thermodynamic calculation always can not achieve convergence for coagulum. In this article, this problem is well resolved through thermodynamic calculation including coagulum.

凝相物质相变过程用传统热力计算方法计算常常不收敛，本文研究了计及凝相相变过程的固体火箭发动机热力计算理论和方法，较好地解决了这一问题。

Both cases are acompanied by the light-emission from the transition from higher excited-state to lower excited-state, and the total superfluous band energy of nuclear system is released by means of excited element, and an energy level appears in the ground-state band, which signifies a quantum phase transition.

基于微观IBM理论，提出转动诱导出玻色子量子相变的一种可能途径：一旦原子核在受到高能激发或作快速旋转时，假如外界提供的能量足以使玻色子完成拆对顺排，则核处于集体相与单粒子态的共存相，其特征是出现较密集的能谱；假如能量不足以完成拆对或顺排，可能发生两种情况之一，当核旋转达到某个临界转动频率ω c时，或者一个高角动量的玻色子脱离"集体"而"游离"出来，或者发生一个高角动量的玻色子转变为一个低角动量的玻色子，核仍旧处于集体相；均会伴随出现光辐射，产生基态带的一条能级——相变信号。

The simulation results show that there exists a phase transition from the free phrase to congested phrase on the regular network and the value of the phrase transition can be used to measure the capacity of network to deal with traffic flow.

结果显示，规则网络上交通流存在一个从自由相到拥塞相的相变。相变点的值可以用来衡量网络处理交通流的能力。

In this paper, arrangement scheme of a novel multi-star phase shifted pole changing coil was given and the methods to determine coil split ratio were analyzed. According to electromagnetic theory, 2D electromagnetic mathematical model in which stator windings were spitted coil was developed, and magnetic field distribution of the novel motor at starting was solved by finite element method, starting performance of motor was calculated. Based on energy method, rotor slot leakage reactance under different poles and different loads were calculated, and the variation of rotor slot leakage reactance with loads was gotten. Based on time-step finite element method, distribution of branch current in stator windings and operating performance were calculated and analyzed when branch was unbalance, the method to calculate circulating loss in stator windings of novel multi-star phase shifted pole changing motor was given, and the effects of the loads variation and degree of unequilibrium on circulating loss in stator windings were calculated and analyzed.

论文系统的给出了采用分裂线圈法新型多星形移相变极绕组的排列方案，进一步分析线圈分裂比的确定方法；根据电磁场理论，建立了定子为分裂线圈绕组的电机二维电磁场数学模型，并采用场路耦合法求解了新型多星形移相变极电机起动时的磁场分布，计算了电机起动性能和基于能量法计算了不同极数下起动时转子槽漏抗和不同负载时转子槽漏抗，得出转子槽漏抗随负载变化的规律；采用时步有限元法计算分析了定子绕组支路不平衡时支路电流的分布情况及运行性能，给出了新型多星形移相变极电机定子绕组环流损耗的计算方法，分析比较了负载的变化和支路不平衡度大小对定子绕组环流损耗的影响。

The temperature of volume phase transition for polymerized gels is about 110 ～ 120 ℃ higher than that of the unirradiated gels.

聚合凝胶只有体积相变而无凝胶-溶胶相转变，且聚合凝胶的体积相变温度要比光聚合前的凝胶-溶胶相转变温度高出约为110 ～ 120 ℃。

It is considered that when temperature begins to fall down under Ms, martensite and the untransformed mother-phase are in a kind of thermobalance. We try to use the equations in marten- site transform to get the mathematical relationship between the dynamics of the microclamp and the temperature, also including some useful results for design and fabrication of the microclamp. We hope these results will form the work principle base for SMA microclamp.

认为在Ms点以下，马氏体与未转变的母相奥氏体处於某种平衡状态，利用变温马氏体相变公式，处理SMA微夹钳的热力学和动力学之间的定量或定性的数学关系，得出一些对於设计和制造有用的结论，从而为深入研究SMA微夹钳的热弹性马氏体相变的工作原理打下理论基础。

So it can keep invariable bulk phase transition within a wild neutralization range;AB-I and AB-II show the similar phenomenon in bulk phase transition,but not very similar in methanol and ethanol.Perhaps this is because of competition between hydrophile and lyophobic.

AB-I样品分子链上的磺酸基团(-SO3-)完全电离，与树脂网络外部溶液浓度差始终较为恒定，所以能在较宽的中和度范围内(40%～80%)保持较为恒定的相变体积；AB-I和AB-II在电解质溶液中表现出类似的体积相变规律，而在甲醇、乙醇中表现出不尽相同的相变规律，这可能是由于AB-II中存在亲水力和疏水力相互竞争作用的结果。

In the present work, based on the mechanism of low - temperature corrosion, an opinion was presented by theoretical analysis and computation, that is the vacuum boiler can not avoid being corroded completely under low temperature, but the corrosion is very weak no matter if the exhaust gas temperature is higher than the flue gas dew point; it was obtained the relationship between the corrosion velocity of metal wall and wall temperature along gas pass of vacuum boiler, and the one between the corrosion velocity of metal wall and wall temperature under the condition that the flue gas temperature is lower than the acid dew point.

文章从锅炉发生低温腐蚀的机理人手，通过理论分析计算并通过实践检验，提出了真空相变锅炉虽然不能完全避免低温腐蚀问题，但不论排烟温度是否高于烟气露点，低温腐蚀的程度都很弱的观点；给出了真空相变锅炉沿烟气流程金属壁面的腐蚀速度与壁面温度的关系曲线，和烟气温度低于酸露点时金属壁面的腐蚀速度与壁面温度的关系曲线；同时，文章推荐真空相变锅炉的设计排烟温度取130℃左右的低排烟温度。

In the present work, based on the mechanism of low-temperature corrosion, an opinion was presented by theoretical analysis and computation, that is the vacuum boiler can not avoid being corroded completely under low temperature, but the corrosion is very weak no matter if the exhaust gas temperature is higher than the flue gas dew point; it was obtained the relationship between the corrosion velocity of metal wall and wall temperature along gas pass of vacuum boiler, and the one between the corrosion velocity of metal wall and wall temperature under the condition that the flue gas temperature is lower than the acid dew point.

本文从锅炉发生低温腐蚀的机理入手，通过理论分析计算并通过实践检验，提出了真空相变锅炉虽然不能完全避免低温腐蚀问题，但不论排烟温度是否高于烟气露点，低温腐蚀的程度都很弱的观点；给出了真空相变锅炉沿烟气流程金属壁面的腐蚀速度与壁面温度的关系曲线，和烟气温度低于酸露点时金属壁面的腐蚀速度与壁面温度的关系曲线；笔者专门从事真空相变锅炉的设计研究已十多年，根据上述观点设计的数百台产品已经过多年实际运行，未发现明显低温腐蚀。

Melamine formaldehyde resin was used to encapsulate a phase change material which melt point is 20℃ by in situ polymerization.

采用原位聚合法用三聚氰胺甲醛树脂包覆一种相变点为24℃相变材料A，制得相变储热微胶囊。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。