相位

The relation between the center of time gravity of the ultrashort pulse and the carrier phase was studied by using three kinds of pulses,named Gauss,Hyperbolic Secant and Lorentz pulses.The analytical expressions of the relation between them was deduced.

以Gauss、Hyperbolic Secant、Lorentz三种脉冲为例，利用理论推导和数值模拟的方法研究了载波相位对超短脉冲时间重心的影响，并给出了三种脉冲的时间重心与载波相位的解析表达式和数值模拟的图形。

The 90 and 180 phase shift bits are of reflection type, using Lange coupler to realize the separation between the incident and reflection signals. According to process rules of the GaAs MMIC product line, we properly designed the circuit layout. In order to reduce the overall chip size, the transmission lines are folded with sufficient spacing to avoid interline coupling.

结合实际MMIC工艺线，合理设计移相器电路版图，折叠微带线并留出足够大的线间距，以避免线间寄生耦合的发生，并折叠兰格耦合器使90°和180°移相位的尺寸与其它相位的芯片尺寸保持一致。

The phase truncation noise was found to be related to the intermediate frequency sampling rate.

通过研究数控振荡器中相位舍位噪声的规律，得到了该噪声与数字中频采样率的关系，提出了基于减小相位舍位噪声的中频采样率优化方案。

Firstly, the structure of all phase spectrum is analyzed and the all phase spectral interpolation formula is derived.

首先分析了全相位频谱的结构，给出全相位频域插值公式。

This paper proposes a novel interpolator that is the All Phase Inverse Discrete Cosine Sequency Filter. Based on the theory of the All Phase, the APIDCSF considers the surrounding samples'influence on the center one throughly, and takes the average of IDCT orthogonal filtering of surrounding sampling blocks which include the center sample as its orthogonal transformed value.

在全相位理论的基础上，充分考虑了周围邻域对中心样本的影响，以包含该中心样本的所有邻域正交变换滤波的均值作为其正交变换滤波值，构造了全相位离散反余弦列率滤波器组(All Phase Inverse Discrete Cosine Sequency Filter， APIDCSF)，其内插性能好于高阶消失矩的环形Neville滤波器。

Based on the foregoing strategy, we choose Inverse Modified Discrete Cosine Transform and Polyphase Synthesis Filterband of the MP3 decoder by an ASIC implementation. Moreover, to further reduce the hardware cost, we use CORDIC-based calculations and merging some arithmetic operations to replace the original ones of IMDCT and PSF.

基於前述的原则及由运算量的统计分析，我们选定「反转修正式离散余弦转换(Inverse Modified Discrete Cosine Transform， IMDCT)」与「多相位合成滤波频带(Polyphase Synthesis Filterband， PSF)」使用ASIC方式实现，同时为了有效降低这两个模组的硬体成本，我们导入「座标轴旋转数位计算机」及合并运算方式取代原始算术运算，使得新的计算式有效降低原IMDCT约74%之乘法及约49%加法运算，而在多相位合成滤波频带的反离散余弦转换也有降低约33.4%之乘法及约24.6%之加法运算。

Both of the ESD were proportional to kVp 2.2 to kVp 2.5 and were linear proportion to mAs. Inverse square law exists in the relationship of focus-film distance, FFD, and ESD. The impacts of field size and patient thickness to ESD are negligible. Optimized operating condition is chosen to improve the diagnosis rate and to reduce the patient dose. The ESD, 0.12±0.06 mGy, performing the optimized operating condition of chest x-ray examinations, is less than both values of reference doses recommended by NRPB and IAEA.

研究结果发现，入射表面剂量随操作条件而变，以相同的条件照射，三相位X光机所造成表面剂量大约是单相位X光机的1.9倍；入射表面剂量与kVp的2.2至2.5次方成比例，与mAs约成线性正比，与焦斑至底片距离的关系大约符合平方反比定律；照野面积及身体厚度虽会影响表面剂量的大小，但其程度远低於kVp及mAs的影响。

In addition, this article took the isoclinic information which unwrapped already into isochromatic formula to get the correct retardation. This method might not get the form of arc-tangent because there are not output quarter-wave plates in three and six phase-stepping methods. Therefore, this paper corrected it by load-stepping method.

另外，为了使相位展开技术能顺利完成，进而得到相对的延迟量，在修正等色线包裹相位图中的不连续点时，本文使用之方法是将修正完的正确等倾线数值带入等色线公式中，此法在三场与六场中因为少掉了输出的四分之一波板，造成公式的结果使得条纹角度分布非反正切形式，因此需另外使用负载相移法来做修正。

Based on the phase measurement principle of RF signals,the method of S-band relativistic klystron amplifier phase measurement was put forward.

基于高频信号相位测量原理，提出了S波段相对论速调管放大器相位测量的方法。

Combining the Test Signal Method and the dynamic simulation function of PSS/E, the method can calculate the phase lag of the excitation system with consideration of detailed grid and equipment models, and design the PSS parameters by using the phase compensation and critical amplification factor methods.

基于仿真软件PSS/E提出了一种设计PSS参数的方法，该方法具有如下特点：结合测试信号法和PSS/E的动态仿真功能，在充分考虑全网和各设备详细模型的情况下计算励磁系统相位滞后特性；并采用相位补偿法和临界放大倍数法设计PSS参数。

In the negative and interrogative forms, of course, this is identical to the non-emphatic forms.

。但是，在否定句或疑问句里，这种带有"do"的方法表达的效果却没有什么强调的意思。

Go down on one's knees;kneel down

屈膝跪下。。。下跪祈祷