相似性

When superficial similarity is dominant, young children analogize more easily on superficial similarity, ignoring the spatial relational similarity.

发现当表面相似性占优势的时候，幼儿更容易根据表面相似性进行类比，从而忽略了空间关系相似性。

We can generalize the meanings of similarity and representation form that are based on historical review of similarity along with status and effect in Hume's philosophy .we think in Hume's philosophy the similarity is relation to ideas in memory and imagination, as well as the character that the idea unforced arouse another idea. Representation forms of the similarity include the correspondence of impression and idea, association of ideas and sympathy of sentiment.

通过对相似性作一历史考察和他在休谟哲学中的地位和作用，概括得出相似性的含义及其表现形式，即相似性在休谟哲学中是指把两个或两个以上观念在记忆或想象中联系起来，并按照前述方式使一个观念自然地引起另一个观念的那种性质，其表现形式主要有印象与观念之间的对应性原则、观念之间的联想原则和情感传递中的同情原则。

Protein sequence of snakehead IgH has 55%, 50%, 45%, 36% and 28% identical to orange-spotted grouper, blackfin icefish, bastard halibut, rainbow trout and zebrafish IgH, respectively.

序列相似性比较显示乌鳢IgH与点带石斑鱼、黑鳍冰鱼、牙鲆、虹鳟的相似性依次为55%、50%、45%和36%，与斑马鱼类的相似性较低（为28%）。

After analysis of multiple sequences alignment, phylogenetic tree and similarity of sequences, it was shown that Ac-ASP has similar relation with Am-ASP, and shared high homology with other Hymenopteran and Coleopteran. From above analysis, we firmly suggest Ac-ASP1 and Ac-ASP2 belong to OBPs family and Ac-ASP3 belong to CSPs family.

通过多序列联配、系统发育树及序列相似性分析，Ac-ASP除与西方蜜蜂Am-ASP亲缘关系较近(相似性达到80％以上)外，与其它膜翅目以及鞘翅目的OBPs及CSPs也有一定的亲缘关系(相似性达到30～60％)，且Ac-ASP1和Ac-ASP2应为OBPs，Ac-ASP3则应为CSPs； 4。

The similarity analysis with non-metric MDS method reveals that exclosure results in lower similarity among vegetation quadrats, this difference, however, doesn't reflect from soil seedbank, the lag effect between soil seedbank and vegetation should be focused on in further study.

地上植被和土壤种子库间的相似性分析结果则表明相同措施同一土层间种子库中等相似，而不同土层间还是存在着一些差异。由于封育措施导致了植被样方的相似性较低，然而土壤种子库间的相似性仍然较高，两者间是否存在着一定程度的滞后效应有待于进一步研究。

When the deduced amino acid sequence of the new gene was compared with those of other glutelin genes, they showed about 80%, 70% and 60% between the new gene and GluB-4, GluB-1 or GluB-2, GluA, respectively, suggesting that the new glutelin gene belonged to the subfamily, GluB.

克隆测序和同源性分析比较结果表明，由该基因推导的氨基酸序列与GluB-4相似性近80％，与GluB-1，GluB-2的相似性近70％，而与GluA亚族各谷蛋白的相似性不到60％。

The different fishes which are employed in the present studies are wild-type salmon, cultured salmon of freshwater and seawater, sea perch and fat greenling. The complete CT gene sequences of salmons are obtained by PCR amplification. The partial CT sequences of sea perch and fat greenling are obtained by in vitro cloning PCR method. Alignment of obtained CT sequences with other fish CT shows that CT appears to be well conserved among the same family. And the relative in taxonomy is far away, the similarity of different fish CTs is low. On the contrary, the closer the relative in taxonomy is, the higher the similarity of different fish CTs is. The sCT is expressed in pGEX-4T-X by recombinant form . We also succeed in the research of sCT expression alone by expression PCR. In addition, sCT antiserum is obtained using GST-sCT as antigen, and the high titer is tested by double immunodiffusion. In the rat bioassay, administration of 50 μg recombinant protein evoked significant hypocalcemia at 1 h after the data are analyzed by t-test.

本文用PCR方法克隆了野生鲑鱼、养殖鲑鱼的降钙素基因，并应用体外克隆PCR的方法首次克隆出鲈鱼、六线鱼降钙素的部分基因序列，通过对克隆的降钙素序列的比较研究，结果显示同一科的鱼降钙素序列保守性较高，同时，根据降钙素的部分氨基酸序列进行了降钙素相似性的比较研究，结果显示在分类学上，分类地位较远的鱼，其降钙素相似性较低，分类地位越接近的鱼，其降钙素相似性越高；我们利用谷胱甘肽S-转移酶(Glutathions S-transferase，GST)融合表达载体pGEX-4T-X对克隆的鲑鱼降钙素基因进行了融合表达研究，应用表达PCR的方法对降钙素基因的独立表达进行了初步的研究探索，并将纯化的融合蛋白作为抗原，获得了高效价的兔抗鲑鱼降钙素免疫血清；生物活性研究表明，大肠杆菌表达的融合蛋白具有显著的降血钙作用。

A receiving method with comparison, choice and gain combination is designed. According to the principle of comparability comparison and probability calculation, if the branches in the majority have the same comparability, these branches are chosen, and those in the minority are abandoned.

该方法根据相似性比较原则，采用概率运算，先选择所有接收支路中具有信号相似性较多的支路，舍去其他相似性较少的支路，对选择出来的支路进行等增益合并。

Suum and parasitic nematodes, and 7 ESTs had similarities with genes of other species. Infective larvae-specific protein kinases, protein phosphatases, neuropeptide-like peptides and their precursors and enolase transcripts were abundant in the cDNA archives.

在这43个具有相似性的ESTs中，23个ESTs与23个新杆属线虫的基因序列具有相似性，13个ESTs 与9个猪蛔虫和其它寄生线虫的基因序列具有相似性，7个ESTs 与其它物种的基因序列具有相似性。

Total RNAs from KAx-3 cells and AK127 cells(developed for 14h) were isolated. After the reverse transcription and PCR reaction, two distinct differential fragments were acquired., fragment A was from KAx-3 cells and fragment C was from AK127 cells. After retriving and reamplifying the differentially expressed fragments, white-blue plaqueselection, the fragments were purified. Northern blot proved that fragment A was from KAx-3 cells and fragment C was from AK127 cells. The results of sequencing and researching for NCBI database have been showed: part sequence of fragment A shows 91% similarity to the gene encoding DhkA, 92% similarity to the gene encoding DhkF, 91% similarity to the gene encoding STATc, 97% similarity to the homoeobox gene encoding protein. These genes play important part in controlling cell differentiation and cell proportion in Dictyostelium discoideum.

本研究通过提取盘基网柄菌发育14小时的野生型KAx-3细胞和突变型AK127细胞的总RNA，运用mRNA差异显示法分离出了两条明显的差异表达片段，其中片段A来自野生型KAX-3细胞，片段C来自突变型Ak127细胞；并通过凝胶回收差异片段、对差异片段进行再次PCR、蓝白斑筛选克隆、提取质粒、酶切电泳纯化差异片段；接着进行Northern杂交的结果表明，片段A只与野生型KAx-3细胞的总RNA有杂交信号，片段C只与突变型AK127细胞的总RNA有杂交信号，这就排除了差异片段假阳性的可能；最后通过测序，搜索NCBI BLAST数据库发现：片段A的小部分序列与编码组氨酸激酶DhkA基因中一段序列的相似性高达91%，与编码组氨酸激酶DhkF基因中的一段序列相似性高达92%，与编码STATc蛋白基因的一段序列相似性达91%，以及与编码同源框蛋白的基因中的一段序列相似性达97%，这些基因在盘基网柄菌细胞分化和细胞比例调控过程中起着相当重要的作用，这些数据进一步说明了突变细胞不能完成发育的原因。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。