相似

Paramodulation is an important and a practical inference rule to deal with equality relation in mechanical theorem proving. The paramodulation rule is extended to the fuzzy predicate calculus and the resolution-and paramodulation-based approximate reasoning is discussed.

为了在模糊逻辑中集成相似性关系并考虑其近似推理，把相似性关系看成是一种模糊相等关系，提出了一种带有相似性关系的模糊逻辑，给出了带有相似性关系的模糊逻辑的语法及语义结构。

Achievements which are achieved by scientific research of predecessors are summarized. Some methods of how to generate self-similar process and a few means of estimating self-similar parameter are given. Self-similar traffics are generated by using of ON/OFF model with heavy-tailed distribution and results are given. The results of experiment accord with the theory. This identicalness indicates that the method of getting results by using of ON/OFF model is feasible.

本文总结了前人的研究成果，给出了几种常见产生自相似的方法和几种估计自相似参数的方法，并对ON/OFF模型叠加产生自相似业务进行了仿真实验，得到了实验结果，从实验结果可以看出，仿真结果和理论值比较接近，这说明利用ON/OFF模型叠加产生自相似业务是可行的。

The main objective of this research is to understand how each layout element in product visual appearance influences the overall image of the product; moreover, this similarity research is targeted at surveying the packaging of traditional crispy butter cakes sold in Tachia-Ville in Taichung Prefecture, The likeliness in layout elements would probably result in the confusion of visual identity. Through analyzing and comparing the layout elements of each vendor's product packaging, we tried to establish how traditional food vendors use similar elements and layout in packaging to achieve a certain level of likeliness to the leading product in order to create misleading perceptions in consumers' minds. From this research we discovered the main reason for causing confusion between Crispy Butter Cake vendors lies with their use of "red" as the primary coloring.

本研究主要目的，在於了解商品的视觉呈现当中，各构成要素对整体形象的影响程度；并将本相似度个案研究，设定在调查台中县大甲地区市售传统糕饼外包装，各厂商产品之间，因构成内容中各要素相似，而可能造成的视觉形象上的混淆情况，藉由透过各厂商产品构成要素的拆解统计与比对，试图解释传统食品当中，厂商透过各元素的相似使用与配置，以达到混淆与领导品牌的相似情形，调查统整后发现，可能会影响大甲奶油酥饼商品形象上混淆的主要因素，在於色彩元素中红色调底图色彩使用。

The nearest parallel in Russian opera is Mikhail Glinka's Ruslan and Lyudmila , but echoes of Musorgsky are present too: tritones used to depict alarm bells in the scene between Yaroslavna and the boyars, the closing measures of Igor's aria (suggesting the closing measures of Act II of Boris Godunov ), the comic gudok players' recitative.

在俄罗斯歌剧中与它最相似的一部是米哈伊尔格林卡的《鲁斯兰与柳德米拉》，但是与穆索尔斯基作品也有相似之处：在雅洛斯拉夫那与贵族们间的场景中用三全音来描绘警报声，伊格尔的咏叹调中相似的小节（让人想起《鲍里斯格杜诺夫》第二幕中的相似的小节）以及滑稽的古多克琴演奏者的宣叙部。

An approach to image interpolation based on local fractal similarity transformation suitablefor complex images in natural scenes is described. Similarity transformation of rectangular image blocks are added and the extremem method in the function with two variables is used to obtain the optical similarity transformation.

提出了适用于复杂自然景物图像的基于局部分形自相似变换的图像插值方法，在常用的局部分形自相似变换基础上增加了矩形图像块的自相似变换，并采用二元函数的极值方法求最佳相似变换。

From the results of different coefficient and similar coefficient,Schima superbashowed high total mean different coefficient and low total mean similar coefficient;Castanopsis chinensis showed high total mean different coefficient and media totalmean similar coefficient;Cryptocarya chinensis showed low total mean differentcoefficient and high total mean similar coefficient.

从相异系数和相似系数的计算看，荷木总平均相异系数最大，总平均相似系数最小；锥栗总平均相异系数大，总平均相似系数居中；厚壳桂总平均相异系数最小，总平均相似系数最大。

At first, this algorithm obtains rough similar series by clustering the broad moving average; Second, based on this, we can construct the similarity degree of time series trend, by using this similarity degree of time series trend, the users can do riddling secondly. At last, through calculating the distance of the residual time series, accurate similar time series are reached.

该方法首先利用对时间序列广义移动均值的聚类进行相似搜索的粗匹配；然后通过构造时间序列趋势的相似度，利用用户对趋势相似度的要求可以进行第二次筛选；最后对剩余的时间序列进行距离计算，就可以获得最终符合用户需求的相似时间序列。

Meta-analyses showed that the response rate of TP (topotecan + cisplatin) regimen had no significant difference compared with EP regimen (etoposide + cisplatin) with OR 0.83 and 95%CI 0.63 to 1.09, but myelo-suppression such as leucopenia and thrombopenia was more severe with TP regimen; the response rate of monotherapy with topotecan was similar with that of CE (carboplatin + etoposide) regimen with OR 0.59 and 95%CI 0.22 to 1.60; the response rate of TEP (topotecan + etoposide + cisplatin) regimen was comparable with that of EP regimen with OR 1.37 and 95%CI 0.82 to –2.28, but myelosuppression and anemia were more severe with TEP regimen; the response rate with OR 0.97 and 95％CI 0.60 to –1.57, median time to progression with WMD –2.32 and 95％CI –5.72 to 1.09 and median survival time with WMD –1.65 and 95％CI –7.13 to 3.83 of IV topotecan were similar to those of oral topotecan, while neutropenia was more severe with IV topotecan.

Meta分析结果表明，TP 方案与EP方案的反应率相似 [OR 0.83， 95%CI (0.63，1.09)]，但具有相对高的致血小板下降的骨髓毒性；单药拓朴替康与CE方案的反应率相似 [OR 0.59， 95%CI (0.22，1.60)]；TEP方案（拓扑替康＋足叶乙甙＋顺铂）与EP方案的反应率相似 [OR 1.37， 95%CI (0.82，2.28)]，TEP方案致化疗后重度白细胞下降、重度血小板下降、重度血红蛋白下降均高于EP方案；口服拓扑替康与静脉滴注拓扑替康的化疗后反应率 [OR 0.97， 95％CI (0.60，1.57)]、中位疾病进展期 [WMD –2.32， 95％CI (–5.72， 1.09)]、中位生存期 [WMD –1.65， 95％CI (–7.13，3.83)] 相似，口服拓扑替康化疗后重度中性粒细胞下降明显低于静脉滴注拓扑替康。

Meta-analysis based on included studies showed that response rate of TP regimen has no statistic significance compared with EP regimen[OR0.83,95%CI(0.63-1.090)],but myelo-suppression such as leucopenia and thrombopenia is more severe; response rate of single topotecan has no statistic significance compared with CE regimen[OR0.59,95%CI(0.22-1.60)]; response rate of TEP regimen has no statistic significance compared with EP regimen [OR1.37, 95%CI(0.82-2.28)], but myelo-suppression such as leucopenia, thrombopenia and anemia is more severe; response rate of IV topotecan has no statistic significance compared with Oral topotecan[OR0.97, 95%CI(0.60-1.57)],so as median time to progression[WMD-2.32, 95%CI(-5.72,1.09)] and median survival time[WMD-1.65, 95%CI(-7.13,3.83)],while neutropenia is more sever in IV topotecan than Oral topotecan.

分析表明，TP方案与EP方案的反应率相似[OR0.83，95％CI(0.63-1.090)]，但具有相对高的致白细胞和血小板下降的骨髓毒性；单药拓扑替康与CE方案的反应率相似[OR0.59，95％CI(0.22-1.60)]；TEP方案与EP方案的反应率相似[OR1.37，95％CI(0.82-2.28)]，TEP方案致化疗后重度白细胞下降、重度血小板下降、重度血红蛋白下降均高于EP方案；口服拓扑替康与静脉滴注拓扑替康的化疗后反应率[OR0.97，95％CI(0.60-1.57)]、中位疾病进展期[WMD-2.32，95％CI(-5.72，1.09)]、中位生存期[WMD-1.65，95％CI(-7.13，3.83)]相似，口服拓扑替康化疗后重度中性粒细胞下降明显低于静脉滴注拓扑替康。

First, the character clustering algorithm regards the character as our features and then it can cluster these sentences of our target words to the correct group without any other resources. The average precision is 66.1%. Second, in the concept clustering algorithm of the aggregate computing, we use HowNet as the knowledge base of our feature words and obtain the concepts of these words. We cluster the sentences which have the same or similar concepts of the feature words into the same group. And then we can complement some lacks of the character clustering algorithm. The average precision is 72.3%. Third, regarding the concept clustering algorithm of the sememe distance, we use the sememe distance to compute its concept similarity. It improved similarity measure of the concept clustering algorithm of the aggregate computing. It achieves 81% average precision and gets better cluster quality.

词形分群演算法不受语料资源限制，能将词形相似且词义相近的词汇所属的句子分到同一群，经过人工验证，得到了66.1%的平均正确率；基於集合计算的概念分群演算法使用了知网做为撷取特徵词汇的知识库，透过知网取得词汇的概念，将具相同或相似概念的特徵词汇所属的句子分成同一群，补足词形分群演算法的不足，得到72.3%的平均正确率；基於义原距离的概念分群演算法则利用义原间的距离计算特徵概念的相似度，进一步改善了基於集合计算的概念分群演算法在相似度衡量的问题，得到81%的平均正确率，达到更好的分群效果。

As she looked at Warrington's manly face, and dark, melancholy eyes, she had settled in her mind that he must have been the victim of an unhappy attachment.

每逢看到沃林顿那刚毅的脸，那乌黑、忧郁的眼睛，她便会相信，他一定作过不幸的爱情的受害者。

Maybe they'll disappear into a pothole.

也许他们将在壶穴里消失