直肠

The fusion of URS with cloacal membrane is essential for the separation of rectum from bladder.

尿直肠隔与泄殖腔膜融合是直肠和膀胱分离的决定因素。

In the normal rats on gestational days 15 URS fuses with cloacal membrane, and on gestational days 16 anal membrane ruptures and rectum exposes to the outside.

①正常大鼠胚胎15天时尿直肠隔与泄殖腔膜融合。胚胎16天肛膜完全破裂，直肠与外界相通。

There were many apoptotic cells spreading through the short cloacal membrane in cloaca malformation rat embryos on gestational days 13.5. But from gestational days 14.5 to 15 cellular apoptosis did not occur in terminal rectum and"tail groove" in cloaca malformation rat embryos, rectum could not connect to the outside.

ETU致畸的胎鼠13.5天时，短小的泄殖腔膜布满大量凋亡的细胞。14.5天-15天直肠末端与相应的尾沟处未见细胞凋亡发生，直肠末端未与外界相通。

In the fourth week, URS divides cloaca into urogenital sinus anteriorly and primitive rectum posteriorly, which communicate with each other to give rise to the cloacal canal.

讨论 传统理论认为，在胚胎第4周，尿直肠隔将泄殖腔分为前后两部分，前者为尿生殖窦，后者为原始直肠。

In accordance with the principle of tme, excision near-end intestines at least 15 cm, tumor lower limb far-end 2～3 cm recta, low colorectostomy was performed by applying the anastomotic instrument to preserve the anal.

手术方法按照全直肠系膜切除原则，切除近端肠管至少15 cm、肿瘤下缘远端2～3 cm的直肠，应用吻合器在骶前行结-直肠端端吻合术以保留肛门。

Results:Under the laparoscopy,1 patient had a normal pelvis,the other 9 persons got conglutinant pelvis(7 were caused by chronic pelvic inflammation,1 by operation,1 by endometriosis),3 got wide conglutination between the back wall of uterus and rectum,depression of rectum disappeared;1 got pelvic inflammatory cyst;4 got endometriosis,and one of which got bilateral ovarian cyst and bilateral ovarian small teratoma.

结果：1例盆腔正常；9例盆腔粘连（慢性盆腔炎引起7例，手术引起1例，子宫内膜异位引起1例），其中3例子宫后壁与直肠广泛粘连，直肠窝消失；1例盆腔炎症包块；4例子宫内膜异位，其中1例双侧卵巢小巧克力囊肿合并双侧卵巢小畸胎瘤。

Rectosacral fascia was a fusional fascia of the parietal pelvic fascia and the rectal proper fascia in the pelvic floor, which was an important marker of pelvic dissection in TME.

骶直肠筋膜是盆壁筋膜和直肠固有筋膜在盆底部的融合，是TME手术盆腔分离的重要标志。

All of these patients underwent plain and contrast-enhancement CT scan. Results: Thirteen cases included 5 neurilemmomas (3 malignant cases included), 5 neurofibromas, 1 neuroblastoma, 1 ganglioneuroma, 1 malignant paraganglioma. In the 13 cases, 2 cases derived from plexus sacralis, 2 cases located in the pelvic peritoneal space, 6 cases located in the pelvic extrapentoneal space, and 3 cases located in the vesica extraperitoneal space.

结果：神经鞘瘤5例（其中恶性3例），神经纤维瘤5例，神经母细胞瘤1例，节细胞性神经瘤1例，恶性副节细胞瘤1例。2例起源于骶丛，经由骶孔向盆腔内生长；2例起源于盆腔，其中1例源于膀胱，1例位于膀胱直肠陷窝；直肠腹膜外间隙6例；膀胱腹膜外间隙3例。

Chronic constipation can lead to haemorrhoidal bleeding, rectal or womb prolapse (where a part of the body moves from its normal position), anal fissures, colonic obstruction, ulcers, hernia, incontinence or a build up of hard faeces in the rectum leading to liquid faeces leaking around the blockage.

慢性便秘可导致haemorrhoidal出血，直肠或子宫脱垂（如身体的一部分举动，从正常位置），肛门裂隙，结肠梗阻，溃疡，疝气，性尿失禁，或建立的硬的粪便在直肠，导致液体粪便漏水，周围的淤塞。

Hyponome in rectum helps to show the institutional framework around the focus and improve the image to study contrast ratio.

应用直肠腔内水囊结合相控阵线圈的MRI检查方法，能准确定位复杂性肛瘘的内口、瘘管的走向及其与肛管直肠括约肌复合体之间的复杂关系，有利于显示病灶周围组织结构和提高影像学对比度。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。