直立

Main stem undeveloped, short, with basal, rosulate leaves; fertile stems 2--4, arising from base of main stems, usually erect, sometimes ascending, to 50 cm. Basal leaves with sheath sparsely hirsutulous throughout, sometimes proximal ones hirsute only along mouth slit; blade linear, 15--35 × 0.6--1.5 cm, glabrous.

根状茎无。不发达的主茎，短，基部的具，莲座丛叶；能育茎2-4，生于主茎基部，通常直立，有时上升，在厘米基生叶具鞘疏生全部，叶片线形， 15-35 * 0.6-1.5 厘米，无毛。

Stem erect, branched, retrorsely hispid with white or grayish hairs.

茎直立，分枝，白色的具糙硬毛具或浅灰色毛。

Culm sheaths tardily deciduous, leathery, glossy when fresh, ribbed-striate when dry, glabrous or stiffly hairy at basal margins only, apex subtruncate or slightly asymmetrical, arched; auricles undulate, wrinkled, inflated outward, densely hispidulous or subglabrous abaxially, unequal; larger auricle slightly decurrent, orbicular or ovate, 3.5–4 × 1–1.5 cm; small ones oblong or ovate, ca. 3 × 1–1.5 cm; ligule 4–5 mm, margin nearly entire and densely fimbriate; blade persistent, erect, inflated outward, ovate to oval, base slightly narrowed and then extended toward both sides and joined to auricles, apex abruptly acuminate, sharply tipped.

缓慢的竿箨脱落，似皮革，有光泽的新鲜时，波状的叶耳，起皱，膨大外面，浓密具短硬毛或近无毛背面，不等长；更大的叶耳稍下延，圆形或卵形， 3.5-4 * 1-1.5 厘米；小的长圆形或卵形，约 3 * 1-1.5 厘米；叶舌4-5毫米，和浓密流苏状的边缘近全缘；叶片宿存，直立，膨大的外面，卵形到卵圆形，叶片线形披针形到披针形，通常 8-23 * 1-2 厘米，两面无毛。

Branches with exclusively erect, never hooklike recurved spines

分枝具专门直立，从未钩状的下弯的刺 4

Plants robust; stems erect or ascending; flowers 4(or 5)-merous; persistent perianth hypocrateriform, longer than fruit.

植株粗壮；茎直立或上升；花5(或者4)数；托盘状的宿存花被，长于果。 5 T 。 cathaicum 华北百蕊草

Flowers hypogynous, emergent, perianth ± upright.

花下位，发出，多少直立。

Shrubs or small trees, usually erect, rarely viny or climbing, glabrous, rarely pubsecent, branches often inermous.

灌木或小乔木，通常直立，很少倾斜或攀援的，无毛，很少短柔毛，枝经常无刺。

Intravertebral clefts were observed in none of 11 cases on sitting and flexion positions, in 4 of 11 (36%) on extension, and 11of 11 (100%) on supine and prone positions.

在直立侧位及过屈侧位X射线平片上，11例患者均未出现椎体真空征，过伸侧位上出现4例（36%），俯卧位及仰卧位均出现椎体真空征（100%）。

Herbs erect or prostrate; involucral bracts spathelike or not; flowers all bisexual.

草本直立或平卧；佛焰苞状的总苞片与否；花全部两性。

Plants erect or ascending, less often creeping and branched; leaf blade lanceolate, apex acuminate; spathelike involucral bracts 1 to several, ca.

植株直立或上升，较少的通常匍匐和被分开；叶片披针形的，先端渐尖。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。