直立

Stems often erect, simple or sometimes branched distally, to 1 m, glabrous or sparsely hispidulous.

单的或有时分枝上部，对1米，无毛的或疏生短硬毛，茎通常直立。

Stems usually erect or ascending, sometimes branched distally.

茎通常直立或上升，有时上部的分枝。

Stem erect, simple or distally branched.

茎直立，单纯或分枝。

Leaves sub-basal, slightly distichous in seedlings and new shoots, erect, pale green, sometimes with pale spots in very young plants, linear-lanceolate, 15--35(--50)× 4--5(--7) cm, margin sparsely spiny-dentate, apex 2- or 3-dentate-pointed.

叶近基生，稍2列在幼苗和新嫩枝上，直立，苍绿色，有时幼嫩植株具浅斑点，线状披针形， 15-35(-50)* 4-5(-7)厘米，边缘疏生具刺有齿，先端2或3具牙齿尖。

Stamens 2-20, often 4-8 on receptacle at base of bract; filaments short, free or slightly united at base; anthers erect, dithecal, extrorse, dehiscing longitudinally.

雄蕊2-20，通常4-8，着生于苞片的基部的花托上；花丝短，离生或稍基部合生；花药直立，二室l，外向纵向开裂。

Corona lobes usually conspicuous, adnate to back of stamens, erect, apex free, dorsally compressed, with board-shaped processes on back, minute or absent.

通常明显的副花冠裂片，贴生于雄蕊，直立，先端离生的背面，背压扁，板形成突起的具关于后面，小或无。

Stamens included; filaments inserted near apex of perianth tube, very short, erect in bud; anthers dorsifixed, or versatile.

雄蕊内藏花丝花被筒，非常短，在芽中直立的着生的近先端；花药背着，或丁字着。

Filaments nearly free, barely connate at base into an indistinct ring; anthers indistinctly dorsifixed to semi-basifixed, erect.

花丝近离生，进一枚不清楚的戒指的仅仅在基部合生；对半基着，直立背着的不清楚的花药。

Fruit drupaceous, or nearly a nutlet, often with headlike, wax-covered papillae; endocarp hard. Seeds nearly without endosperm; embryo straight; cotyledons fleshy, plano-convex.

果通常为核果，或者近小坚果，通常带有乳头状的蜡质凸起；内果皮硬种子近没有胚乳；胚直立；子叶肉质，平凸。

Calyx deeply 5-parted, usually eglandular, segments erect and connate at base.

花萼深深5深裂，通常，分裂直立和在基部合生。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。