直接成本

We thus propose a general framework that (1) incorporates aspects of agency theory and transaction cost analysis from the B2B domain into the tradi- tional chain of consumer-- and (2) explicitly disentangles direct versus indirect effects of model constructs on attitudinal versus behavioral loyalty.

因此，我们提出一个总体框架，（1）纳入代理理论和交易成本分析方面，从进入治癌的消费者tional链--和B2B领域（2）明确disentangles模型的直接与间接影响结构的态度与行为的忠诚度。

In my opinion , financing leasing is the most efficient method , because the enterprises not only acquire part of the floating capital ,but also acquire the equipments which upgrading of industries need . They also can try to finance by the private equity funds, in this way, the enterprises get the capital and managing experience, more important, it enriches the direct financing system. Consummating the hypothecating organization system could offer a strong safeguard for the enterprises when they are financing. We also could establish some professional small and medium sized bank organizations to solve the current commercial banks are not positive to loan to the small and medium sized enterprises , because the small and medium sized enterprises banks' cost are much lower.

在解决策略中，笔者认为，融资租赁既使企业获得部分流动资金，又使企业获得产业升级所需的生产设备，是最有效的融资手段；私募股权基金投资使企业不但获得资金和管理经验，而且丰富了我国的直接融资体系；完善我国担保机机构体系，可以为中小企业顺利获得融资提供保障；针对现有银行机构对中小企业放贷缺乏积极性的现象，成立专门的中小企业金融机构，发挥其成本优势。

Reason of any breach by the Client of this Agreement. These indemnities shall be in addition to any

客户的任何违约，直接或间接地产生的任何一损失、费用、成本和责任

So it is very benefit for oil refining enterprise, especially for the project of directly liquefying coal with lower cost.

因此非常有力于炼油企业，尤其对成本相对较低的煤直接液化项目非常有利。

The econometric analysis and regression results show that industry localizes in places where the market is large, the intra-regional transaction and transportation costs are lower, FDI concerned and higher wage levels and price increases in industry regions have not yet had a significant effect on industry location.

最后的计量分析的结果也表明中国的工业目前主要集聚在市场规模大、交通便利、交易费用低和吸引外商直接投资多的地区，而工资成本和价格水平还没有对工业集聚产生影响。

Based on the quality and safty use of the 1000mm Al. alloy die casting steps, we meliorated the 15kg weight step to achieve the result for saving the material cost and production cost, increasing the value for the customer, and raising customer's market competition ability.

在保证铝合金整体压铸梯级品质和安全使用的原则上，通过对约15千克重的1000mm 重量型铝合金整体压铸梯级的自身重量进行合理的改良减重来达到节约铝合金材料和降低生产制造成本，为客户增值以及使客户增强和提升直接的市场竞争力的目的。

For customers, revenue from direct view, fitting room for the owners to save a lot of time, energy and financial resources to reduce waste, and because developers focus on procurement, could use the same price to select the best quality material for the owners to provide the best cost-effective; additional revenue from indirect, the fitting room but also in large measure to improve its investment value, that is true we live in to buy or rent receipts, rough room decoration obviates the issue of "vacant", which in the present Beijing's market, the investment concept is not very strong, so such a detailed calculation is not in place.

对客户来说，收入直接认为，试衣间为业主节省大量的时间，精力和财力资源，以减少浪费，而且由于开发商集中采购，可以用同样的价格选择最好的优质材料为业主提供最佳的成本效益；额外收入间接的，试衣间，而且在很大程度上提高其投资价值，这是真的，我们生活在购买或租金收据，省却毛坯房装修问题的&空缺&，这在目前北京的市场，投资的概念，不是非常强烈，所以这样一个详细的计算方法不到位。

The length and the fineness of the fiber would not only influence the cost of the factory directly, but also have a great impact on the rate of pilling.

原料的长度与细度直接关系到企业的生产成本，同时也显著影响羊绒针织物的起球等级。

Alleviating direct ground contact with living space could potentially save lives and reduce the cost of reconstruction and hence fundamentally readdressing the spatial and typological configurations of the dwellings.

减少生活空间与地面的直接接触，在很大程度上可以挽救生命和减少重建的成本，因此，要在根本上重构住宅的空间和类型配置。

These scarcities will disappear as governments prefer to fund education directly, and at cost, rather than support such business models.

这些缺乏将会随着政府直接向教育成本加大投资，而不是支持那些商业模式，而消失。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。