直接影响

It is the first important step in video analysis and will directly affects the effectiveness of indexing Shot boundary detection is one of our major research interests and we will tackle the following existing problems the ambiguity between gradual change and camera motion, the discontinuity during gradual change, false detection caused by illumination variation and flashlight, automatic threshold selection Firstly, we discuss shot boundary detection in non-compressed domain In chapter 2, we compare some of the commonly used detection methods which are based on frame difference and point out that single feature will not generate good results As a conclusion, we use fuzzy logic to combine multiple features Presently, most frame difference based shot boundary detection algorithms rely on threshold and hence the selection of such thresholds will greatly affect the performance of boundary detection We propose a membership function to define frame difference and calculate the membership with self adaptation according to the statistic distribution of frame differences to satisfy different type of video clips Experiments show that the proposed fuzzy shot boundary detection algorithm can be used with different video types and has a high detection precision and recall In chapter 3, we discuss model-based shot boundary detection algorithms regarding chromatic and spatial editing effects such as fade-in, fade-out, dissolve and wipe Various parameters are proposed to better describe the characteristics of each editing type.

镜头边界的检测是把视频自动地分割为一个个镜头，作为基本的索引单元，因此它是视频分析重要的第一步，直接影响到视频检索的成败。镜头边界的检测是本文研究的重点之一。目前镜头边界检测算法主要存在以下问题：渐变与镜头运动难以区别；渐变过程中的不连续与停顿、光照条件的变化及闪光灯等特殊情况会引起误检测；自动选择阈值比较困难等。本文首先针对非压缩域视频进行了镜头边界检测的研究。在第二章中我们采用了比较流行的基于帧间差的方法。在比较各种帧间差计算方法的基础上，指出使用单一的特征难以取得很好的检测效果，提出用模糊逻辑综合使用各种特征。目前大多数基于帧间差的镜头边界检测算法都采用阈值法进行镜头转换的判别。阈值选择的误差对检测性能有较大的影响，本文提出用隶属度函数定义帧间差较大、中等较大和较小等概念，并根据帧间差的统计分布自适应地确定隶属度，以适应不同类型的视频片断。实验结果表明这种基于糊逻辑的镜头边界检测算法可以适应不同的视频，并具有较高的检测精度和检出率。在第三章中采用基于模型的方法进行镜头渐变的检测，研究了淡入／淡出、慢转换和扫换的模型。

Results show that the change of power affects ions' bombardment on the substrate, and that of pressure lead to the change of the mean free path of the molecular.

结果表明，射频功率的改变直接影响到离子对衬底的轰击效应，而反应气压的改变影响气体分子的平均自由程。

Results indicated that high-achieving students and average-achieving students did not differ on achievement goals.

结果表明，学业成就中等生的成就目标与学习优良学生不存在显著差异，但其自我监控水平显著低于学习优良学生，主要体现在执行性、反馈性、补救性、总结性尤其是方法性等方面；自我监控与学业成绩在总体上呈显著的正相关，但不同学科与自我监控的关系有所不同；成就目标并不直接影响学业成绩，但可以通过自我监控对学业成绩间接产生影响；成就目标与自我监控的关系极为复杂：学习目标与自我监控呈显著正相关，而成绩目标只有在与学习目标联系时，才和自我监控有显著的关系。

Dynamic characteristics and stability of shaft system is an important indicator of safe operation, not only directly affects the quality of the operating hydro-electric generating set, but also affect its life.

机组轴系统动力特性和稳定性是机组安全运行的重要指标，不仅直接影响机组的运行品质，同时也影响机组的使用寿命。

This will directly affect the development of related industries, and indirectly affect the consumer.

这将直接影响相关产业的发展，并间接地影响消费。

It implies that the calculation of movements of mobile cells is not accurate enough, that must affects the mass exchange between the mobile cells and immobile cells. Furthermore, because the value of concentration be calculated is always at center of an element and the finite difference grid is fixed, which may gives rise to numerical dispersion, especially when the steps of space are injudiciously selected.

另一方面，颗粒的位置直接影响到其所含各种成分的质量变化，这将在一定程度上影响最终各种成分的浓度计算精度，而且，该算法最终统计各种成分的浓度时，所用的窗口也是已有的固定的有限差分网格，当网格选择不合适时，有可能产生人工数值弥散。

According to relevant data from the samples, and on the basis of verifying the relativity between the discipline innovation ability and its organizational structure and behavior, it discussed the direct influence and the intermediate variable of in direct influence that organizational structures and innovatin behavior have on innovation ability and the innovation path of discipline.

根据实例的相关数据，在分析验证学科组织结构及创新行为与学科创新能力相关性的基础上，探讨了组织结构、创新行为对学科创新能力的直接影响、间接影响的中间变量及学科创新路径问题。4。

Logistics runs throughout the whole process of operation activities, so the links and communications between logistics cycle and store's internal operation cycle are directly affecting enterprises' response speed to customers and market, as well as costs and efficiency.

物流贯穿经营业务活动的全过程，物流环节与商店内部经营环节的衔接及协调状况，直接影响企业对市场和顾客的反应速度，影响企业的成本与效率。

We found that entrepreneurial orientation is positively related with technological alliance, and market orientation is positively related with marketing alliance, and we also found that there is an inverted U-shaped relationship between market orientation and technological alliance.

这一结论说明：企业战略导向会直接影响企业联盟方式的选择，而且不同的战略导向会要求企业建立不同的联盟方式，因此本文的这一结论在一定程度上弥补了以往研究对于联盟方式选择的影响因素关注不足的问题。

Whether directly involved in the outside economy or not, most of the Iroquois economy is now greatly influenced by national and world economies.

无论是否受到外来经济的直接影响，现在大多数易洛魁经济都受到国家和世界经济的巨大影响。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。