直接影响

The CdS thin films in CdS/CdTe solar cells are used not only for n-type materials but also for window materials, the quality of thin films deposited will limit the efficiency and lifetime of solar cells.

其中，CdS薄膜既作为CdS/CdTe多晶薄膜太阳能电池p-n结的n型材料，也作为电池的窗口层，其质量直接影响CdTe薄膜的制备，更重要的是影响电池的光电转换效率及其寿命。

The investigation could help us to take some measures to meliorate our teaching methods and improve the quality of English teaching so as to help more students in our school to pass the Practical English Test for Colleges successfully.

从对调查结果的分析中，找出对英语学习有直接影响或间接影响的因素，并采取一些尝试措施，改进教学方法，加强对学生学习能力的培养，提高了我校的英语教学质量，也提高了英语应用能力考试的通过率，取得了较好的效果。

Since language attitude does not occur in a social vacuum, it is greatly affected by the social milieu.

学习者对第二语言的态度直接影响学习的动机，进而影响他们语言学习的结果。

BACKGROUND: Myelination following axonal regeneration is a key factor affecting the recovery of spinal cord injury.

背景：轴突再生后髓鞘化是影响脊髓损伤后恢复的一个关键性因素，而少突胶质细胞存活的多少直接影响轴突再生后髓鞘化。

"As a direct impact of the economic downturn over the last year we have observed significant fluctuations in most of the world's currencies, which have had a profound impact on this year's ranking," said Nathalie Constantin-Metral, senior researcher at the consulting and investment services company.

"由于受去年经济衰退的直接影响，我们可以觉察到世界上大多数货币都经历了大幅度的波动，这极大地影响了今年的排名，"咨询和投资服务公司的资深研究员纳萨莉·康斯坦丁-梅特拉尔说。

At present, competition in manufacturing is growing tougher and tougher. There are all kinds of complicated scheduling problem in operations of manufacturing companies. How to solve the scheduling problem will affect the efficiency and the customer's satisfaction, and the power and response ability of the company.

目前，制造业的竞争日益激烈，在企业的日常运作过程中，会经常遇到各种各样的复杂的调度问题，车间生产调度问题解决的好坏直接影响着企业的运作效率和最终的客户满意程度，最终影响着企业对市场的反应能力和竞争力。

In the test,acompressive load was applied to individual fibers oriented normal to a polished surface untildebonding occured.

因此，界面结合强度直接影响到这种应力传递的效果，从而影响着复合材料的宏观力学性能。

Base on above studies, some conclusions were obtained as follows:(1) ore-forming background of the studied ferromanganese crusts are mainly controlled by intensity of Antarctic Bottom Waters and variations of material source;(2) it is confirmed that the ferromanganese crusts are mainly hydrogenetic and their composition are affected by volcanic and continental material simultaneously; there are no obvious phosphatization reconstruction and element reaction occurred in them, so they have important paleoceanological significance;(3) from researches on element occurrence modes in the new-type ferromanganese crusts and the lying sediments, it is proposed that there is no great biological affection on the crusts formation and their composition mainly came from the adsorptive action of the ferromanganese oxides in them;(4) two major types of ore-controlling factors are identified through compilation of ore-controlling factors, which are geological and oceanic factors;(5) considering the long-term variation trends of the crusts composition, combing the U-series and 10Be isotope dating results, it is proposed that the ore-forming processes of ferromanganese crusts in the studied areas can be divided into three major stages (5.6~2.8 Ma, 2.8~2.7 Ma and since 2.7 Ma), and then the activities of AABW since the Late Miocene, changes of input flux coming from volcanic and continental material are confirmed.

通过研究，得出如下结论：(1)研究区铁锰结壳的成矿背景主要受控于南极底流强弱及物源供给的变化；(2)证实铁锰结壳主要为水成成因，同时其物质组成也受一定程度的火山和陆源物质的影响；结壳自形成以来没有遭受到明显的磷酸盐化等成岩后期改造和元素再迁移，具有重要的古海洋学意义；(3)通过新型铁锰结壳及下伏沉积物元素赋存状态的研究，认为生物作用对研究区结壳的形成并没有很大的直接影响，其物质成分主要来自于结壳中铁锰氧化物的吸附作用；(4)在控矿要素的研究中，归纳出了地质与海洋两大类结壳控矿要素；(5)根据结壳成分长周期变化趋势，结合铀系和10Be测年结果，将研究区结壳的形成过程划分为三个主要阶段(5.6~2.8 Ma，2.8~2.7 Ma和2.7 Ma以来)，并确定了晚中新世以来研究区南极底流的活动情况、火山和大陆来源物质输入量的变化。

Diapause induced zeitgebers affect the expression of circadian genes per and tim in parental eggs directly during their incubation period but have no significant effect on the expression of the two genes in polypide and offspring egg.

家蚕卵孵化期诱导滞育的授时因子温度和光制的变化，能够直接影响近日节律基因per和tim的表达，但对胚后虫体及子代卵中的per和tim的表达没有明显影响。

This article analyzes some basic surveys of our country red tourist resources and some elementary of sustainable development, analyzes the present situation of the red tourist development and the problem exists in the red tourist resources'development which some are worth taking: Many Red Holy Land rushes headlong into mass action in abundance, starts blindly, excessively and even in predacity develops the red tourist resources, to the tourist environment pollution, the red cultural atmosphere serious destruction, finally causes the red tourist resources politics, the economy and the cultural function is weakening, the negative effect also appears day by day, directly affected the red tourist resources sustainable development and use, also threatens the red tourist the sustainable development.

本文阐述了我国红色旅游资源的一些基本概况和可持续开发的一些基本理论，分析了红色旅游资源开发的现状和开发中出现的一些值得重视的问题：许多红色圣地纷纷一哄而上，盲目上马，对红色旅游资源过度甚至是掠夺性开发过程中，出现了旅游环境受到污染、红色文化呈现庸俗化、收益分配不均等问题，这不仅减弱了红色旅游资源的政治、经济和文化作用，消极影响日益显现，而且直接影响了红色旅游资源的可持续开发利用，也威胁到红色旅游的可持续发展。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。