目标函数

Firstly, this paper discusses the development actuality of the research on double-front axle steering system and power-train of automobile. Based on the structure of the design experiences from others, the kinematics formula of double-front axle steering system is fetched, and the mathematical model of optimization design of double rocking arms mechanism and steering trapezium mechanism is established by space geometry method. Considering the difference between the real steering angle from wheels and the ideal steering angle from the ideal formula as the objective function, the optimization design method of double-front axle steering system is presented.

本文首先论述了国内外对汽车双前桥转向系统和动力传动系统研究的发展状况，在总结前人研究设计经验的基础上推导出汽车双前桥转向系统运动学关系，运用空间几何法建立了双前桥双摇臂机构及转向梯形机构优化的数学模型，以转向轮实际转角值与理想公式求出的理想转角值之间的误差达到最小为目标函数，提出了双前桥转向系统参数的优化设计方法。

The ADAMS software and kinematics theory are applied to design the hydraulic steering mechanism of the SGA3550 track, with bottom angle of steering trapezoid and the trapezoid arm length as design parameters, minimum error between theoretical steering angle and practical one as objective function.

利用动力学分析软件ADAMS，从汽车转向运动学出发，对SGA3550自卸式汽车全液压转向机构进行设计。以汽车转向时实际转角与理论转角的误差最小为目标函数，以转向梯形底角和梯形臂长为设计参数，对转向机构进行了优化设计。

For improving the maneuver stability,safety and decreasing the tire wear,the combination of the optimization software,modefrontier and msc.adams,is applied to design the steering mechanism,with bottom angle of steering trapezoid,arm length,kingpins distance and axles distance as design parameters,transmit angle as constraint,minimum error between theoretical and practical steering angle as objective function,and simulated annealing as the optimization algorithm.

为了提高汽车操纵稳定性、安全性及减少轮胎磨损，将数值优化软件modefrontier同机械动力学仿真分析软件m sc.adam s集成，以转向梯形底角、转向臂长度、主销中心距和轴距为设计参数，传动角为约束，以转向时内轮实际转角与理论转角的误差最小为目标函数，采用模拟退火算法对转向机构进行最优化设计。

A robust mathematical design model based on the response surface method was established for steering trapezoid mechanism. In the model, movement precision during steering course was chosen as the objective function; kingpins distance, axles distance, trapezoid mechanism's bottom angle and steering arm length were defined as the design variables; minimum transmission angle and maximum angle error were considered as the restraint condition.

对于转向梯形机构，以转向过程的运动精度为目标函数，以主销中心距、轴距、转向梯形底角和转向梯形臂长度四个参数作为设计变量，以最小传动角及最大角度误差作为约束，建立了基于响应面方法的稳健设计数学模型。

The optimization design model of 2-stage star gear transmission is established.

建立了两级内外啮合星型齿轮传动优化设计的数学模型，分析了系统的传动方案和约束条件，以中心距最小为目标函数，确定了主要优化设计参数。

The mathematical model of optimum design with the objective function of gauge's speed at paper arrival was established,and its solution method was analyzed and discussed.

将优化设计概念引入偏心齿轮变速输纸机构设计，建立了纸张到达前规时的速度作为目标函数优化设计的数学模型，分析和讨论了其求解方法。

On the foundation that to smooth-going county existing state of affairs of economic forest development analyses, use method of linear programming maths, studied with economic benefits most greatly target function, the economy that investment of social labour force is a tie forest expand scope.

在对平顺县经济林发展现状分析的基础上，采用线性规划数学方法，研究了以经济效益最大为目标函数，社会劳动力投入为约束的经济林发展规模。

The genetic algorithm is a kind of self-adapting optimization method based on the mechanics of natural selection and evolution.

本文在总结常用的电力系统无功电压优化方法的基础上，建立了以网损、电压质量和无功潮流分布为目标函数的数学模型。

The boundary of analytical model and statistical model is clearly divided in this performance model, and evaluation accuracy is improved. Secondly, based on embedded SRAM performance hybrid model, this article adopts bionics algorithm-ant algorithm to optimize hierarchical embedded SRAM structure. This method which adjusts memory system structure improves memory system performance. Finally, considering the factors such as memory cell area, power, delay and reliability, this article establishes static 6-T memory cell area, power, delay and static noise margin equations, analyzes 6-T memory cell device dimension constraints under "read upset" and "write upset", then proposes a method to enhance embedded SRAM performance by optimizing 6-T memory cell size. In order to realize embedded SRAM design and verify proposed optimization methods, this article takes the Garfield202 system chip as the platform, which embeds A720T processor and 20KB Scratch-Pad memory.

首先针对嵌入式SRAM结构，采用多元线性回归方法分析SRAM宏单元性能指标，采用解析方法分析控制电路延时，结合以上这两种方法建立嵌入式SRAM性能混合模型，该模型清晰划分两种建模方法的各自适用范围，提高了模型精度；其次以该混合模型为基础建立存储体性能目标函数，采用仿生优化算法—蚂蚁算法优化嵌入式SRAM结构，使之达到最优设计；最后综合考虑面积、功耗、速度以及可靠性等因素，建立静态6-T存储单元面积、功耗、延时以及静态噪声容限方程，分析了&读破坏&和&写破坏&的晶体管尺寸约束，优化了6-T存储单元尺寸，提高了嵌入式SRAM性能。

We find that,the relative efficien-cies of GSA to CSA and FSA increase with the number of variables.

我们发现，GSA相对于FSA和CSA的相对效率随目标函数变量数增加而增加。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。