监测

The severe seawater intrusion exists in certain eel farming factories within Changle, Fuzhou, in certain prawn farm within Jiuzhen county, Zhangzhou, and in certain saltern within Xiuyu district, Putian, all belonging to seawater intrusion in human activity areas. The maximum concentration of Cl and mineralization within those severe intrusion areas are 5629.00 mg/L and 33.16 g/L respectively. The slight seawater intrusion is monitored in Quangang district, Quanzhou, where natural conditions are kept. No seawater intrusion is monitored in Dongchong peninsula, Ningde. No soil salinization is monitored except Zhangzhou where the sand is slightly salinized.

在福州长乐市近岸某鳗鱼养殖片区、漳州漳浦县近岸某对虾养殖片区、莆田市秀屿区某盐田附近监测到严重海水入侵，均属人类开发活动影响区域内的海水入侵，严重入侵区域氯度最高达5629.00 mg/L，矿化度最高达33.16 g/L；在泉州市泉港区某自然村监测到轻度入侵，属自然状态下的海水入侵；在宁德东冲半岛外浒沙滩附近未监测到海水入侵；在漳州断面监测到土壤盐渍化，为轻度盐渍化土，其他断面为非土壤盐渍化土。

It has discussed the feasibility of establishing the dynamic inspection system of urban forest resources in GunagZhou. Also it pointed out the technological and management base in this system. And it has founded the frame of this system on the base of the present.

1论述了建立广州市城市森林资源动态监测体系的可行性，指出了动态监测体系的技术基础和管理基础，在现有监测体系的基础上，构建了广州市森林资源动态监测体系框架。

In this paper, summary to the current problems and design requirements of existing power telemechanics channel detecting and switching software, we realize visual management by developing such a powerful, effective software with object oriented development and database.

针对电力部门远动信道监测及故障倒换系统上位机监测软件的设计要求和现有系统所存在的问题，本文利用面向对象开发理论和数据库技术实现了对远动信道监测的可视化管理，开发一种强大、高效的电力远动信道监测及故障倒换系统上位机软件。

Material and method the 1.1 objects that monitor in January 2005 ~2007 year in December, nantong city disease accuses a center to monitor bar of hall of inn of the inn inside the area, communal bathroom, tonsorial hairdressing, song to wait public 771, every random and draw-out a certain number of the sample of public articles for use that the preparation after cleaning disinfection uses in all 4 960 portion. Crock of pool of the tea service of the 1.2 content that monitor and methodological inn, towel, bed sheet, face, bath, chamber pot undertakes group testing of bacterial gross, coliform measures; the towel of communal bathroom, bathrobe undertakes group testing of bacterial gross, coliform measure, slipper undertakes mould and microzyme detect the tea service of; public place of entertainment undertakes group testing of bacterial gross, coliform measures; the towel of tonsorial hairdressing place, scissors undertakes bacterial gross, coliform group detect with coccus of golden yellow grape.

梗概： 为了解南通市近几年公共场所卫生状况，客观评价公共场所卫生水平，为今后的卫生监督监测提供科学依据，对2005年~2007年南通市公共场所公共用品(茶杯、口杯、床上用品等)的细菌总数、大肠菌群等微生物检测进行了分析，结果报告如下。1材料和方法1.1监测对象2005年1月~2007年12月，南通市疾控中心监测区内的旅店、公共浴室、理发美容店、歌厅酒吧等公共场所771家，每家随机抽取若干件清洗消毒后预备使用的公共用品样品共4 960份。1.2监测内容和方法旅店的茶具、毛巾、被单、面池、浴缸、便桶进行细菌总数、大肠菌群检测；公共浴室的毛巾、浴衣进行细菌总数、大肠菌群检测，拖鞋进行霉菌和酵母菌检测；娱乐场所的茶具进行细菌总数、大肠菌群检测；理发美容场所的毛巾、剪刀进行细菌总数、大肠菌群和金黄色葡萄球菌检测。

Firstly, according to the operating features of tie-line, the key decision factors deciding the operating mode of tie-line are extracted, a rule base of definition of tie-line operating modes is established and a discriminative model of tie-line operating modes is proposed; then during the design of the interface with data of EMS, the flow sheet for tie-line power flow monitoring is optimized; finally, an on-line monitoring system for tie-line power flow, which possesses the functions such as definition of tie-line operating mode rule base, transmission line operating mode monitoring and tie-line power flow monitoring, is developed, and the developed system can provide report forms of statistical analysis on transfinite record of tie-line power flow.

结合电网断面的运行特点提取了决定断面运行方式的关键因素，建立了断面运行方式定义规则库并提出了断面运行方式判别模型。在与EMS的数据接口设计中，对断面潮流监测流程进行了优化。在此基础上开发的电网断面潮流在线监测系统具有断面运行方式规则库定义、线路运行状态监测及断面潮流监测等功能，还可提供断面潮流超限记录的统计分析报表。

This paper represents the status of monitoring system in China and discusses on the main problems in the system. It is also deduced that the restricted factors unconformable with the demand of water management are the short capacity of on-line monitoring, low automatization of monitoring techniques, and lacks of qualitative analysis and wide-coverage monitoring means.

总结目前我国水质监控体系的基本状况，综合分析监控体系中存在的问题，指出了监控体系与水环境管理要求不相符的主要制约因素是：在线监测能力不足、监测方法自动化程度不高、缺乏定性监测和具有一定覆盖面的监测手段等。

At the same time, on the base of analysis of the present situation, the development trend and the leading edge technology, the necessity and feasibility about the exploitation of the full hydraulic bulldozer"s sate monitoring and fault diagnosis system is given; According to the structure, working feature and working environment, it works out system schema and system composition; The system is divided into display module, communication module and fault diagnosis module by means of block design, the implementation method and key parameter are also given; In light of the features of the full hydraulic bulldozer, the state monitoring and fault diagnosis platform composed of controller RC6-9 and display DI2/10 is designed based on CAN-Bus and the hardware design is completed; It lists the measured values and state of monitored parameters which should be real-time displayed in monitoring module as well as the data which will be transmitted; Furthermore, On the base of the study of, it gives 34 kinds of constant faults" diagnosis methods; Using BODAS software and DPS software, it compile the program code of the controller and the displayer; At last, this paper design and make the simulation test device of control system of construction machinery, through the experiment, the realizability, the categoricalness, the reliability, the stability and real-time are tested, in addition, the improved methods are given.

本文收集整理了国内外智能推土机研究的相关文献资料，综合分析了国内外智能推土机的研究现状、发展趋势和前沿技术，论证了开发全液压推土机智能系统的重要组成部分&全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统&的必要性和可行性；根据全液压推土机的结构、作业特点和作业环境，制定了全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统方案，确定了系统的结构组成；采用模块化设计方法，将整个系统分成了显示、通信和故障诊断三个模块，给出了各模块功能的实现方法，确定了各模块的关键技术参数：选用RC6-9和DI2／10作为系统的控制器和显示器，用CAN总线搭建了系统的通信平台，完成了系统的硬件设计；确定了系统监测参数和通信数据，对全液压推土机常见故障特征进行了分析，给出了34种常见故障的诊断方法；在BODAS软件和DPS软件的集成编程环境下，编写了控制器和显示器程序；设计并制作了工程机械控制系统模拟试验板，并在此基础上通过多次的程序调试与试验，对所设计的全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统功能的可实现性、完备性、可靠性、稳定性和实时性进行了检验，证实了此系统的可行性，并提出了进一步的改进方案和措施。

This thesis researches on the choices and fixing of the instruments, the H- ADCP' s velocity representation of observing, the control system software etc; taking the successful invent of the tidal discharge automatic observing system in Tianhe hydrometrical station in the Pearl river delta as an example, and expounds the constitutes, function and working process of the tidal discharge observing system in the tidal river.

本论文对潮流量监测系统中的仪器设备选型、仪器设备安装、H-ADCP监测的流速代表性、系统控制软件等方面进行研究分析；并以珠江三角洲天河水文站潮流量自动监测系统的成功研制为实例，阐述感潮河流潮流量监测系统各组成部分功能及其实现过程。

Band differencing is feasible in water and irrigable field, but it couldnt monitor the changes of whole land use and its precision is the lowest. For the mufti-temporal composite method, it is difficult to choose the exact regions for change detection. Based on the previous accurate classification result, the post classification comparison method gets the best result compared with the other two methods, but also with the hand-on mistakes.

图像差值法对河流水面和水浇地的监测效果比较好，但对所有地类监测结果不令人满意，精度较低；多时相波段复合分类法中，变化土地类型训练区的确定较困难；分类后比较法是在前面土地信息准确提取的基础上进行的分析，精度较高，监测结果图也一目了然，是土地利用动态监测的一种有效方法，但它是在自动识别分类基础上进行的比较，传递了分类产生的误差。

Syndromic surveillance is a method that combines the advantages of active and passive surveillance. It collects all kinds of non-typical health-related data prior to disease diagnoses and could achieve earlier detection of aberrations in public health emergencies.

症状监测结合主动监测和被动监测的优点，收集疾病诊断前的各种非传统的健康相关数据，有望比传统的公共卫生监测更及时地检测到突发公共卫生事件暴发时的异常现象。

I didn't watch TV last night, because it .

昨晚我没有看电视，因为电视机坏了。

Since this year, in a lot of villages of Beijing, TV of elevator liquid crystal was removed.

今年以来，在北京的很多小区里，电梯液晶电视被撤了下来。