盐

During the process of long-time adaptive evolution, wetland plants adopted a series of special strategies to acclimate to salt stress. The main strategies are: 1 life history adjustment, e. g., to adjust seed germination time, implement seed dormancy and viviparity, and change reproductive manner to escape from direct salt stress, 2 morphological adjustment, e. g., to adjust biomass allocation pattern, age stem, defoliate, and carnify vegetative organs to isolate the redundant Na(superscript +) to the inactive-metabolism shoots or exclude the Na(superscript +)from tissues; 3 anatomic adjustment, e. g., to sink stoma, develop aerenchyma, and thicken cuticle and phellogen to maintain normal photosynthesis and respiration; 4 physiological and biochemical adjustment, e. g., to exclude and excrete salt, compartmentalize ions, adjust osmosis, do selective absorption, regulate hormones, and induce antioxidative enzymes to maintain the osmotic equilibrium and eliminate the active oxygen in cell; and 5 molecular level adjustment, e. g., to start up many salt-induced genes to regulate the metabolic responses to salt stress.

在长期的适应进化过程中，湿地植物形成了多种适应盐胁迫的策略，主要有：1生活史方面，植物可通过种子萌发时间的调整、种子体眠、胎生、繁殖方式的改变等逃避盐度的直接伤害；2形态学方面，植物可通过生物量分配模式的调整、茎的老化、落叶及营养器官的肉质化等将多余的Na隔离到代谢不活跃的茎中或将其排出体外；3解剖学方面，植物可通过气孔下陷、发达的通气组织、增加细胞木栓层、角质层及栅栏组织的厚度等以维持植物正常的光合作用和呼吸作用；4生理生化方面，植物可通过离子区隔化、拒盐、泌盐、选择性吸收、渗透调节、激素调节及抗氧化物酶的诱导等来维持细胞内正常的渗透压，清除胞内活性氧分子；5分子水平方面，植物可通过多种与盐胁迫相关的基因来调控细胞内的多种代谢反应。

Methods: A total of 21 young swines were randomly divided into untreated group, low-dose salvianolate group and high-dose salvianolate group (7 in each group). AMI was induced by ligaturing left anterior descending coronary artery. After the operation, 400 or 200 mg salvianolate dissolved in 250 mL 5% glucose saline was administered by intravenous drip to swines in the HS group and the LS group respectively for 7 days. The swines in the untreated group were administered with 250 mL 5% glucose saline.

苏中幼猪21只，随机分为模型组和低、高剂量丹参多酚酸盐组。3组均经开胸结扎冠状动脉左前降支制作心肌梗死模型，造模成功后当日，高剂量丹参多酚酸盐组给予400mg丹参多酚酸盐加250mL 5%写葡萄糖生理盐水静脉滴注；低剂量丹参多酚酸盐组给予200mg丹参多酚酸盐加250mL 5%葡萄糖生理盐水静脉滴注；模型组给予等体积的5%葡萄糖生理盐水静脉滴注。1次／d，连续给药7d。

The investigation of the complex flows and the associated solute transport in marsh soils is made in order to improve our understanding of these wetland systems, particularly the relation to the important hypotheses in the marsh ecology: the nutrient outwelling and the plant zonation.

目前国际上存在关于盐沼的两大假设：盐沼系统输出养分和盐沼植物带状分布。为验证这两大假设，增强对盐沼湿地的了解，盐沼孔隙水流动及溶质运移研究至关重要。

DM the three-phase embedded electrode salt bath is the rectangular structure, the outer covering welds by the angle steel and the steel plate, in puts in gallbladder which the steel plate makes, in the gallbladder is uses sets up the salt bath which the brick and the standard brick compose, in the gallbladder is mainly uses in preventing outside the fused salt permeating heat insulating layer and the salt bath, when salt bath damage is advantageous hangs the repair.

DM型三相埋入电极盐浴炉系长方形结构，外壳由角钢及钢板焊成，内放钢板制成的内胆，内胆中是采用立砖及标准砖组成的盐槽，内胆主要是用于防止熔盐渗入保温层及盐槽外，当盐槽损坏时便于吊出修理。

The company introduced the United States over 150 years of history, technology, captured from around the world, more than 20 kinds of pure natural spices such as garlic, celery seed, black pepper, parsley, red pepper, etc., the initial launch of Morton stew BBQ salt, garlic salt, Morton, Morton fragrance that is salt, the United States also introduced low-sodium formula refined Morton, Morton Kang salt, to guide a healthy diet, opening up new markets for varieties of salt.

公司引进美国已有150多年历史的工艺技术，撷取来自世界各地的20余种纯天然植物香辛料，如大蒜、芹菜籽、黑糊椒、欧芹、红辣椒等，先期推出莫顿炖肉烧烤盐、莫顿蒜香盐、莫顿清香即食盐，同时推出美国配方的莫顿精制低钠盐、莫顿康健盐，引导健康饮食，开拓品种盐新市场。

The industrialized situation, problems and solving ways of heavy alkylbenzene sulfonate and petroleum sulfonate were mainly, such introduced, and the research developments and industrialized prospect of arylalkyl sulfonate, alkylated diphenyl ether sulfonate and fatty alcohol ether sulfonate were discussed at the same time.

介绍了重烷基苯磺酸盐和石油磺酸盐工业化生产的现状、存在的问题以及解决的途径，并探讨了芳基烷基磺酸盐、烷基二苯醚磺酸盐和脂肪醇醚磺酸盐的研究现状与工业化前景。

As one of the most important osmoregulation actor, firstly,Proline plays a keyrole in the osmotic potential adjustment in plant cells. Secondly, Proline can preventNaCl from damaging the structure of biomacromolecule in cells. Thirdly, the highdissolubility and non-rejection capability of Proline can enlarge the solution volumnof the cell, so the concentration of salt will be diminished in cytoplasm and the saltstress will be relieved. Forthly, the accumulation of Proline could prevent thedehydrolysis from sap cavity in cytoplasm. Fifthly, the synthesis of plant chlorophyllwill be diminished under the salt stress, but the Proline can provide request ofchlorophyll synthesis.

脯氨酸作为渗透调节剂对植物体细胞渗透势的变化起重要作用：一，在盐胁迫下，脯氨酸在植物体内是一种重要的渗透调节剂，它是一些高等植物和绿藻抗盐和抗旱的主要渗透剂之一；二，脯氨酸可以保护细胞中的生物大分子的结构，使之不被NaCl破坏，并能维持其完整的水合范围；三，脯氨酸的高度溶解性以及其对植物各种酶活性不抑制性，可以扩大细胞的溶解容积，从而降低细胞质液中盐的浓度，减轻盐的胁迫作用；四，细胞质中积累的大量脯氨酸可以防止液泡对细胞质的脱水作用；五，在盐胁迫下，植物叶绿素的合成受到抑制，叶绿素的合成需要脯氨酸。

Measurement of some physiological factors related to salt-tolerance in wheat cultivars SW12 Using HPLC-ESI-MS technique, Glycinebetaine, proline and malondialdehyde in leaves, which collected from wheat cultivars SW12, Ningchun 4 and Chinese Spring exposed to salt treatments with concentration ranges of NaCl s of 0, 100, 200, 300, 400 and 500 mmol/L and sampling for 1, 3, 5, 10, 20 and 30 days, respectively, were measured.

小麦SW12耐盐种质生理指标测定 HPLC-ESI-MS分析表明，SW12和两个对照品种宁春4号和中国春在6个不同盐浓度（0、100、200、300、400和500mmol/L NaCl）和6个不同的盐胁迫时段中（1、3、5、10、20和30d），随着盐胁迫强度的增加，它们叶片组织中甜菜碱、脯氨酸和丙二醛的含量均有不同程度的增加，3个品种在5种不同盐浓度下，甜菜碱和丙二醛的含量存在很大差异。

Thus the five groups were:(1) low salt only,(2) low salt plus grape powder,(3) high salt only,(4) high salt plus grape powder, and (5) high salt plus vasodilator hydralazine.

这五组是：（1）单纯低盐组，（2）低盐+葡萄粉组，（3）单纯高盐组，（4）高盐组+葡萄粉组，（5）高盐组+扩管药肼苯哒嗪组。

New formula of drilling mud density of the control wellbore closed rate in salt bed .;2. Application of ternary copolymer salt-resisting fluid loss reducer in salt bed of Carboniferous system in Tahe oilfield.;3. The components of amphoteric polymer salt tolerance mud have been introduced, and the field operation technology drilling through thick salt bed by using amphoteric polymer mud system has been summarized.

论述了盐对泥浆胶体性质的影响机理，介绍了两性离子聚合物抗盐泥浆的组成，总结了两性离子聚合物泥浆体系钻穿大段盐层的施工工艺及现场应用中常见的问题，指出抗盐泥浆的基础是保证处理剂对粘土颗粒足够的护胶能力，而手段是提高抗盐处理剂在泥浆中的含量。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。