皮层的

Mycorrhizal fungi enter the velamen and exodermis through root hair, invade the cortical tissue by the exodermal passage cells and then form pelotons.

独花兰具有典型的兰科植物菌根构造，在光学显微镜下可以观察到菌根真菌从根毛进入根被和外皮层，通过通道细胞侵入到皮层薄壁组织，在皮层薄壁细胞内形成菌丝团。

The cortical cells had thin walls and mitochondrium, and nucleus wassurrounded by chloroplasts, and vesicles were next to cell plasmalemma. However, cellwalls of velamen, cortex and exodermis in the mycorrhiza of D. nobile had ring orpapillary thickenings in many cases. The hyphae were surrounded by moremitochondria and vesicles of plant, and the hyphae were digested and their structure waschanged at last. The cell wall of endodermis also had typical ring thickenings, and manysieve orifices in sieve tube elements of phloem were covered by callose, while therewere liaison cords in a few sieve orifices.

金钗石斛菌根的根被细胞的细胞壁多处出现环形圈，外皮层细胞壁加厚，木质化，也有环形圈存在，皮层细胞细胞壁多角形明显，加厚，皮层细胞中存在被消化、失去结构的真菌菌丝，在菌丝周围有较多的线粒体、小泡，内皮层细胞的细胞壁呈现的典型的加厚及木质化环形圈，韧皮部筛管的筛板结构，绝大多数筛孔已为胼胝质所覆盖，仅个别筛孔中还存在连络索。

Results In images of OCT in 45 eyes of CSC,42 eyes showed serous neurosensory detachement,2 eyes appeared retinal pigment epithelial detachement and 1 eyes combined neurosensory detachement with pigment epithelial detachement.Monitoring images of OCT in 9 eyes revealed absorption of serous fluid and decrease of neurosensory detachment.

结果 45眼中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的OCT 图像，42眼表现单纯神经上皮层脱离，2眼为单纯色素上皮层脱离，1眼同时存在神经上皮层脱离和色素上皮层脱离。9眼复查的OCT通过测量脱离高度的降低可观察到液体的不同程度吸收。

Abstract］ objective to assess a new imaging technique,optical coherence tomography,for the diagnosis of central serous choroidoretinopathy.methods forty-five cases (45 eyes) of csc were examined by ophthalmoscopy,binocular indirect ophthalmoscopy and oct.some patients were monitored by oct.results in images of oct in 45 eyes of csc,42 eyes showed serous neurosensory detachement,2 eyes appeared retinal pigment epithelial detachement and 1 eyes combined neurosensory detachement with pigment epithelial detachement.monitoring images of oct in 9 eyes revealed absorption of serous fluid and decrease of neurosensory detachment.conclusion oct is potentially useful as a new and noninvasive diagnostic technique for quantitative examination of patients with csc and objectively monitoring the clinical course of the serous retinal detachement in this disease.

摘要］ 目的评价光学相干断层成像(optical coherence tomography，oct )对中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的临床诊断价值。方法对45例(45眼)中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变患者散瞳后分别进行直接检眼镜、双目间接检眼镜、oct 检查。9例复查时再次进行oct检查。结果 45眼中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的oct 图像，42眼表现为单纯神经上皮层脱离，2眼为单纯色素上皮层脱离，1眼同时存在神经上皮层脱离和色素上皮层脱离。9眼复查的oct通过测量脱离高度的降低可观察到液体的不同程度吸收。结论 oct 是一种新的、无损伤性的、非接触性的、并能定量的检查方法，能明确中心性浆液性脉络膜视网膜病变的脱离部位，并能进行定量的追踪观察。

The result indicates that the intracortical synaptic input was unchanged, but the thalamocortical synaptic input was depressed by sensory stimulation and this depression recovered with a time course that matched that of the recovery of sensory responsiveness.

结果表明，电刺激诱导出的皮层—皮层突触反应不受持续的触须刺激的影响，而电刺激诱导出的丘脑—皮层突触反应则由于持续的触须刺激而减小，而且突触反应的恢复时程与皮层细胞适应恢复的时程类似。

The area of secondary motor cortex that is located in the ventral frontal lobe, just anterior to the precentral gyrus; in addition to its input from posterior parietal cortex, it receives substantial input from visual cortex.

次要运动皮层区是在背侧腹额叶及前中部脑回，除了从后部脑皮层输入之外，还大量接收从视觉皮层来的讯号。

The area of secondary motor cortex that is located in the dorsal frontal lobe, just anterior to the precentral gyrus; in addition to its input from posterior parietal cortex, it receives substantial input from somatosensory cortex.

次要运动皮层区是在背侧前额叶及前中部脑回，除了从后部脑皮层输入之外，还大量接收从身体感知皮层来的讯号。

To understand the basic properties, underlying mechanisms and functions of the short-term synaptic plasticity of thalamocortical visual pathway, we combined in vivo field potential recording, focal drug application technique and neuron models, to explore the short-tem synaptic plasticity of rat major thalamocortical visual pathway (from lateral geniculate nucleus to primary visual cortex) and extrageniculate pathway (from lateral posterior nucleus to primary visual cortex), as well as the role of short-term depression in the neuronal correlated firing detection.

我们结合在位场电位记录、局部加药和神经模型等方法，对不同刺激模式下大鼠丘脑皮层主要视觉通路（外侧膝状体到初级视皮层）和非主要视觉通路（膝体外通路：丘脑侧后核到初级视皮层）的短时程突触可塑性，以及短时程抑制作用对神经元同步活动检测的作用做了研究，试图了解视觉丘脑皮层突触传递短时程可塑性的基本特性、神经机制和功能。

The pattern of aerenchyma formation could originate by the combination of cortical cell autolysis and enlarged intercellular space. The process occurred in some stages: cortical cells stopped expansion and the intercellular space became larger at the initial stage. Cortical cells to collapse and autolysis were found with the disintegration of cell contents. After the evacuation of cell contents, cortical cells became shrinking and invaginated.

形成过程大体分为：皮层细胞生长停止，细胞间隙增大；皮层细胞衰老，并发生自溶，内含物解体；解体物逐渐撤走，皮层细胞开始收缩、内陷，当细胞内含物全部撤走，相邻细胞的残留细胞壁叠合即在两侧形成通气空腔；径向上相邻的皮层细胞逐步发生凹陷和细胞壁叠合，结合方形的细胞间隙一起构成通气组织。

In particular, the researchers found that regions in the cerebral cortex, including the somatosensory cortex, the insular cortex and the cingulate cortex, all behaved similarly for both toothaches.

研究人员发现，大脑皮层内的区域——包括体感觉皮层、岛叶皮层和扣带皮层——对两种牙痛作出类似反应。

I can still vividly recall the impressive scenes you gave. You were among my friends and relatives who accompanied me from my house to the seaport and when the porters were slow to show up, you obligingly carried my suitcase for me.

你对我的种种感人情意，使我记忆犹新，那天你随着我的亲友从家里送我上轮船，搬运工迟迟不来，你毅然替我提着皮箱上船。

St. Nicholas became the patron saint of Russia, where he was famous for his red cape, flowing white beard, and bishop's mitre.

圣尼古拉成了俄罗斯人的守护神，在那里，他以身披红斗篷，留着飘逸的白胡须，戴着主教法冠而闻名。