皮下的

Objective To investigate the application of anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous flap on abdominal chronic ulcer,and provide evidence for its clinical use. Methods From Oct 2005 to Dec 2008,5patients with abdominal ulcer caused by different reasons were repaired with anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous flap, the flap pedicled with rami descenden of lateral circumflex femoral artery was designed according to the size of abdominal defect,the vessel pedicle was dissociated adequately, the flap was transferred to the abdominal wound under appropriate tension through tunnel, the donor site was sutured directly or repaired with skin-grafting. Results The anterolateral thigh fasciocutaneous flap survived well in all 5 patients,there were no other complication such as skin necrosis.

目的：探讨股前外侧皮瓣在下腹部慢性溃疡中的作用，为其临床应用提供依据；方法：2005年10月～2008年12月间，对5例不同原因引起的下腹部慢性溃疡患者进行修复，术前根据腹部组织缺损的大小设计以旋股外侧动脉降支为血管蒂的岛状股前外侧皮瓣，充分游离血管蒂部，在合适张力下经过皮下或开放隧道将皮瓣带蒂转移至下腹部创面，供区直接缝合或植皮修复。

The transter and expression of endostatin gene was analyzed by PCR, the effects of inhibition on proliferation of endothelial cell by endostatin in vitro by MTT method, and the effects on the growth of LoVo、 SGC-7901 in vitro was surveyed, and the growth of expressing endostatin LoVo、SGC-7901 cell line_in subcutaneously of nude mice was also measured.

用MTT法检测内皮抑素对内皮细胞体外增殖的抑制作用，并观察其对LoVo细胞和SGC-7901细胞体外生长的影响，观察表达内皮抑素基因的LoVo和SGC-7901细胞在裸鼠皮下种植的生长。

To establish anaplasma artificial infection model in experimental animals which treated with dexamethasone to investigate the transmission route of the pathogen, mice were infected via intra-abdominal and subcutaneous inoculation with the blood from infected cattle, the homogenate of infected gadflies and viscera of infected mice, contacting infected mice, respectively, while rabbits were infected through co-feeding with affected cattle.

采用地塞米松注射液长期抑制试验动物的免疫力，通过小鼠腹腔、皮下接种含有无浆体病原的奶牛血液、阳性厩蝇内容物、脏器悬液，并进行阳性小鼠接触感染和兔子临床同层感染等试验，研究奶牛无浆体的感染和传播及在试验动物体内的消长规律，建立起无浆体人工感染模型，调查临床中病原体的实际传播途径。

All kind of structure changes do not occur at the same time, for example the epithelial desquamation occurring after exposure for 1 week and sub- epithelial fibrosis occurring after exposure for 8 weeks, and it is incomplete that the prevention of inhaled corticosteroids on airway remodeling. So inhaled corticosteroids should be introduced to treat asthma as early as it possible.

5哮喘气道重塑过程中，气道结构的各种改变是不同步的，气道上皮脱落在激发1w后即可发生，而上皮下纤维化在激发sw后出现，且ICS对气道结构改变的防治是不完全的，故临床上应及早使用ICS治疗，并结合其他抗炎剂如白三烯受体拮抗剂以最大程度地防治气道重塑的发生。

appropriately preoperational evaluation and correct operation during and after operation could decrease the incidence rate of flap necrosis and subcutaneous fluidify of the elderly breast cancer patients.

通过合理的术前评估和正确的术中术后操作可以降低老年乳腺癌患者术后皮瓣坏死和皮下积液的发生率，同时积极的术后治疗可以短期内取得良好疗效。

Gastric glands distributed in fundic regions at 5-8 DAH. At this stage, supranuclear vacuoles occurred in the anterior intestine and eosinophilic granules occurred in the posterior intestine. The volume of the liver increased. Zymogen granules were seen in the exocrine pancreas and the langerhans was obvious. From 21 DAH to 33 DAH, the digestive system developed to be perfect.

孵出后5-8 d的仔鱼，胃基底部的粘膜上皮下出现胃腺，前肠粘膜层中出现核上空泡，后肠粘膜层中出现嗜曙红颗粒，肝脏体积增大，在胰脏的腺泡中出现大量的嗜酸性酶原颗粒，胰岛明显。

Degradation test in vitro was carried out in phosphate buffer solution (0.1M, pH7. 4) at 37 ℃. The buffer solution was changed daily. Degradation test in vivo was implanted the sample to subdermal in adult ICH rat in the scapular area lateral to the dorsal midline. At suitable time the samples were recovered. Molecular weight changes in surface layer and bulk of polymer sample were measured by GPC and weight loss was determined gravimetrically. It was found that the degradation behavior can be regulated by changing the composition of copolymers. The critical compositions from surface to bulk degradation behavior for PGCA, PLCA, PLMCA, PLDCA systems were 15-20, 20-30, 30- 40, 40 of mol percent GA or LA unit in copolymers, respectively. The degradation behavior of PGCA, PLCA, PLMCA, PLDCA systems were compared and analysed. Some factors influencing the degradation character, such as copolymer composition, hydrophobicity, crystallinity and enzyme affect etc. played important role.

体外实验中材料降解环境为37℃，0.1M，pH7.4磷酸缓冲溶液，每天换液，定期取样；体内实验中将聚合物试样埋置于ICH小白鼠背部肩胛骨皮下部位，定期处死小鼠，取样，将体内体外样品进行重量损失及试样内外层分子量变化测定，分析各聚合物试样降解行为特性，实验结果证明，改变共聚物组成，可以调节各聚合体系降解行为特性，对PGCA，PLCA，PLMCA，PLDCA共聚体系，交酯摩尔百分含量15-20％，20-30％，30-40％，40％分别为各体系内降解行为特性由表面降解型向本体降解型过渡的临界转折点，交酯含量较低的聚合物不同程度地表现表面降解行为特性，论文对各共聚体系体内外降解行为作了分析对照，例如共聚物组成对材料降解速度与降解行为的影响；生物体内酶对降解行为的影响；材料亲疏水性，聚合物链段结晶行为及碳酸酯结构对材料降解行为的影响等，得出交酯/环碳酸酯共聚体系降解行为一些共性和规律。

Methods 38 patients with post herpetic neuralgia were treated with antivirotic and PCA of hypodermic with fentaly (10 μg/ml~12 μg/ml). The symptom of pain,life of quality and complication were assessed.

38例病人在抗病毒治疗的同时均使用10 μg/ml~12 μg/ml的芬太尼病人皮下自控镇痛，镇痛泵药物用完后按原配方重新配置，观察其对患者疼痛的缓解程度、生活质量的改善以及出现的并发症。

The PSCA_3 fragment was selected for its superior expression level in eukaryotic cells.Then the sig-PSCA_3-Fc-GPI genetic fragment was cloned into pVAX1-neo-IRES-GM/B7 vector to construct the final immunological inhanced DNA vaccine pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB. Immunofluorescence and flow cytometry were used to confirm the expression of PSCA_3 fragment by transfected into Cos7 cell.Finally,the anti-tumor effect of pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB was tested in murine prostate cancer model generated by RM-1 cell line.The animal was immunized with pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB DNA vaccine by intramuscular injection plus electroporation,pVAX1 and pVAX1-PSCA_1-FcGB plasmid were used as control.The inhibitory effect of tumor was investigated by observion of forming time,volume and inhibition ratio of tumor.Results:DNA sequencing conformed that the heterological PSCA fusion antigen fragment which was synchronized by overlapping-extending-PCR,was consistent to design.Enzyme digestion analysis showed that the 1 to 4 copies heterological PSCA fusion antigen fragments were constructed successfully.

方法(1)检索GenBank，选择包含人主要T细胞抗原表位序列的人PSCA基因片段，应用异种化抗原设计技术，保留人T细胞抗原表位，设计异种化PSCA融合抗原片段；(2)根据核酸序列按中心模板法设计引物，应用重叠延伸PCR技术拼接合成异种化PSCA融合抗原片段基因，以PCR、限制性酶切和DNA序列测定法进行鉴定：(3)利用DNA限制性内切酶BssHⅡ和MluⅠ酶切后粘端互补的特点，采用同尾酶法构建1—4拷贝异种化PSCA融合抗原片段(PNCA_1-PSCA_4)，并将上述片段分别插入真核表达载体pCI-neo-Fc-GPI中，转染293T细胞，借助免疫荧光+流式细胞术考察插入片段表达效率，最终选定PSCA_3片段进行下一步研究；(4)将sig-PSCA_3-Fc-GPI基因片段自pCI-PSCA_3-Fc-GPI质粒上切下，插入pVAX1-neo-IRES—GM/B7载体中，构建免疫增效DNA疫苗pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB，并应用转染Cos7细胞+免疫荧光/流式细胞术方法鉴定其在真核细胞中的表达情况；(5)给8周龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠皮下种植RM-1细胞，制备小鼠前列腺癌模型，并采用股四头肌肌肉注射+电脉冲法(Electroporation，EP)接种DNA疫苗质粒pVAX1-PSCA_3-FcGB，同时接种pVAX1空载体质粒和pVAX1-PSCA_1-FcGB质粒作为对照，通过观察计算免疫动物的成瘤时间、肿瘤体积和抑瘤率，来评价该DNA疫苗在小鼠体内的抑瘤效果。

Hemangioma model established in nude mice by hypodermically injection with human hemangioma endothelial cells retains all the biological characteristics of the human hemangioma and can be a good model for research on hemangioma.

皮下植入人血管瘤内皮细胞的裸鼠动物模型建模方法可靠，能较真实地反映人血管瘤的发展过程，是研究血管瘤的较理想的平台。

She gently rebuff ed him, but agreed that they could be friends

她婉言拒绝了，但同意作为朋友相处。

If in the penal farm, you were sure to be criticized.

要是在劳改农场，你等着挨绳子吧！