白血病的

Expression of WT1 gene was revealed in all kinds of leukemia patients and associated with quantity of leukemic cells.

WT1基因在各类型白血病中均能表达，表达水平与体内白血病细胞的数量有关，亦与白血病的病程进展等相关。

Down-regulation of bcl-2 expression appears to play an important role in apoptosis of the differentiated leukemia cells induced by realgar.

雄黄通过影响白血病细胞bcl-2蛋白的表达，从而导致白血病细胞发生凋亡，这是其治疗白血病的重要分子机制。

Acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia are subtypes of AML that need different treatment than other subtypes of AML.

急性早幼粒细胞性白血病和急性单核细胞白血病是急性髓细胞性白血病的两个亚型，对这两个亚型的治疗不同于其他亚型。

Acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia are subtypes of AML that need different treatment than other subtypes of AML.

急性早幼粒细胞白血病和急性单核细胞白血病是急性髓细胞白血病的两个亚型，其治疗方法不同于其他亚型。

Acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia are subtypes of AML that need different treatment than other subtypes of AML.

急性早幼粒细胞白血病和急性单核细胞白血病是急性髓细胞白血病的其中两个亚型，治疗方法不同于其他亚型。

Results among the 104 primary acute leukemia patients, the number of patients with t lymphocyte leukemia,b lymphocyte leukemia,acute myeloblastic leukemia,mixed phenotype acute leukemia and umclassified leukemia were 4(3.8％),38(36.5％),58(55.8％),2(1.9％),and 2(1.9％),respectively.conclusion detecting immune marker on leukemic cell by abc-ap two step immune method is very simple which can be finished with a light microscope,and it can provide a reliable basis for the diagnosis and classification of leukemia and even the targeting therapy for leukemia.

结果 104例初发急性白血病中，t淋巴细胞白血病4例(3.8％)，b淋巴细胞白血病38例(36.5％)，急性髓细胞白血病58例(55.8％)，急性混合性白血病2例(1.9％)，未行明确分类的2例(1.9％)。结论 abc-ap免疫二步法检测白血病细胞免疫标记方法简单，只须普通光学显微镜就能开展实验，可为白血病的诊断、分型、分类乃至白血病靶向治疗提供可靠依据。

Majority of acute leukemias in infant, either acute lymphoblastic leukemia or acute myeloblastic leukemia, posses a chromosomal translocation affecting the 11q23 chromosome region which specifically inoles the mixed-lineage leukemia gene.1-3 Most pediatric leukemias with MLL rearrangement clearly hae a remarkably short latency.1,4 MLL gene rearrangement is also associated with secondary leukemias of patients preiously treated with the topoisomerase II inhibitors.4 The latency of these secondary leukemias is similarly ery short.4 Of note, the concordance rate of leukemia with MLL rearrangement in infant monozygotic twins approximates to 100%,1,4 and identical breakpoint in the MLL gene was shared in these pairs of identical twin infants with concordant ALL.1,4 Moreoer, the unique and clonotypic MLL fusion gene was detectable in neonatal blood spots for Guthrie cards from non-twined indiiduals who subsequently deeloped ALL.1,4 These obserations indicate not only that MLL fusion is generated in utero but also that MLL fusion proteins could be capable of inducing leukemic transformation with few, if any, secondary mutations.2,3,4 Greaes et al speculate that an MLL fusion protein somehow promotes rapid transition to full-blown disease in patients ia ery rapid clonal expansion, genetic instability, or inhibition of DNA damage repair.4 In general, for clonal expansion of malignancies, tumor cells often hae acquired strategies that escape immune sureillance of the hosts.5,6 Immune escape mechanisms also contribute to the failure of graft-ersus-leukemia effect after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.7 Therefore, leukemia cells could acquire some immune escape mechanisms during leukemogenesis.

绪论 绝大多数的婴儿白血病，不管是急性淋巴性白血病或是急性骨髓性白血病，在染色体11q23部位有染色体易位的情况；这个部位的染色体易位牵连了混合谱系白血病基因。大多数具有MLL基因重排的儿童白血病潜伏期明显短很多。MLL基因重排也和经拓扑异构酶II抑制剂治疗后的继发性白血病有关。这些继发性白血病的潜伏期类似地都非常的短。很重要的是，单卵双胞胎婴儿同时患有或同时免于MLL基因重排阳性的白血病的一致性接近100%；并且同样患有ALL的同卵双胞胎的MLL基因的断裂点是一致的。而且，这种独特的克隆特异性的MLL融合基因能够从那些得ALL的非双生个体出生时的血斑标本中检测到。这些发现表明MLL融合基因产生在胎儿还在子宫的是后，而且MLL融合蛋白能过和其他的基因突变一起诱导白血病的产生。Greaes 等推测MLL融合蛋白在某种情况下同过快速克隆增殖，遗传的不稳定性或是DNA损伤修复的抑制促使疾病迅速地全面爆发。恶性肿瘤细胞的克隆增殖通常已经获得了逃避机体免疫监视的能力。免疫逃避机制也归因于异体外周血干细胞移植后移植物抗白血病作用的失效。所以，白血病细胞在白血病的产生过程中可能获得了某些免疫逃脱机制。

Skin manifestations of leukemia are varied and include leukemia cutis (direct cutaneous infiltration by leukemic cells), Sweet's syndrome, erythema multiforme, erythema nodosum, pyoderma gangrenosum, and bullous pemphigoid.

白血病的皮肤表现比较多样，包括皮肤白血病（白血病细胞直接渗入皮下）、斯威特氏综合征、多形性红斑、结节性红斑、坏疽性脓皮症以及大疱性类天疱疮。

A retrospective analysis of 42 cases of leukemia with t(8;21) translocation was undertaken by us.

为了解t（8；21）白血病的特征及在急性白血病分型中的地位，对42例t（8；21）白血病患者作了回顾性分析。

In AML,monocytic leukemia is easier to become into HAL than other leukemias. In ALL,T-lineage antigens of HAL group are more easily expressed than those of NHAL group; the leukemia cells of HAL group are naiver than those of NHAL group,meanwhile the prognosis of HAL is poor. http://www.44dx.com

HAL比NHAL骨髓受抑程度更重，AML中单核细胞性白血病发生高白细胞性白血病的可能性高，ALL中HAL比NHAL更易于表达T系抗原，HAL的白血病细胞较NHAL处于更早分化阶段，同时HAL预后不佳。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。