白血病

Expression of mutant tumor suppressor gene p53 in egg-type chicken with avian leukosis subgroup J was detected to study cancericidally molecular mechanism of ALV-J. Using immunohistochemistry method of strep avidin-biotin complex, many organs of illed egg-type chickens, involved liver, kidney, ventriculus glandularis, tumor, heart, pancreas, bone marrow, spleen, oviduct, lung, duodenum, thymus and bursa of fabricius were studied.

为了探讨J亚群禽白血病病毒的致癌分子机理，观察蛋用型鸡发生J亚群禽白血病时p53抑癌基因在各脏器中的表达，应用链霉亲和素-生物素-过氧化物酶复合物免疫组化法，研究了蛋用型鸡J亚群禽白血病自然病例的肝脏、肾脏、腺胃、肿瘤、输卵管、心脏、胰脏、骨髓、脾脏、肺脏、十二指肠、胸腺和法氏囊。

The cancers studied here were throat cancer, aute non- lymphoblas He leukem ia and acut lymphoblastic leukemia. The result s indicated that,(1)the levels of Leu, Lys, Ser Asn,Ile,Gly,and Thr were obviously decreased whea lse the levels of orn, Trp evidently increased in cultural liquid of throat can cer cell line indicating that the growth of HepⅡ cell consumed 7 amino acids and releaced 2 amino acids into cultural liquid.(2)the levels of Glu, Gls, Leu, Phe, Tyr and Trp were evidently increased while the levels of Thr , His, Ala decreased in plasma from patient with ANLL. These r esults were consistent with the previous report.(3)the levels of Gly, Trp and Phe in plasma from patients with ANLL evidently de creased and the levels of Ala, His increased after therapy indicating that cance r cells were growing in an anaerobic catabolism state.

这些癌肿包括喉癌HepⅡ细胞，急性非淋巴细胞白血病和急性淋巴细胞白血病，结果表明：(1)喉癌细胞株培养过程中亮氨酸、赖氨酸、丝氨酸、天冬酰胺、异亮氨酸、甘氨酸以及苏氨酸等水平明显降低，而色氨酸水平明显增加，说明喉癌细胞的生长繁殖必须依赖以上7种氨基酸同时释放了色氨酸；(2)急性非淋巴细胞白血病患者血浆中的谷氨酸、甘氨酸、亮氨酸、苯丙氨酸、酪氨酸和色氨酸等水平明显升高，而苏氨酸、组氨酸、丙氨酸等水平明显降低，这些结果与国际报道相一致；(3)经治疗后，ANLL患者血浆中甘氨酸、色氨酸和苯丙氨酸等水平明显降低，而丙氨酸、组氨酸等水平明显升高，表明肿瘤细胞处在无氧代谢。

Results The positive rate of binucleated granulocytes was 0%in normal contrast group. It was 53.0%in acute myeloid leukemia, 46.2%in chronic myeloid leukemia, 41.7%in reactive granulocytosis, and 38.4%in myelodysplastic syndrome. they were significantly higher than 8.2%in common anemia, 12.5%in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, and 0%in lymphocytic leukemia.

结果 双核粒细胞阳性率，27例正常对照组为0，急性髓细胞白血病53.0%(80/151)、慢性髓细胞白血病46.2%(18/39)、反应性粒细胞增多症41.7%(20/48)、骨髓增生异常综合征38.4%(33/86)，明显高于一般贫血8.2%(8/98)、特发性血小板减少症12.5%(4/32)和急性淋巴细胞白血病为0。

In addition, DNA methylation profiles segregated patients with CEBPA aberrations from other subtypes of leukemia, defined four epigenetically distinct forms of AML with NPM1 mutations, and showed that established AML1-ETO, CBFb-MYH11, and PML-RARA leukemia entities are associated with specific methylation profiles.

此外，根据DNA甲基化的不同可将CEBPA基因畸变与其他亚型的白血病区分开来，并定义出四个不同表型的伴NPM1基因突变的急性髓系白血病，并且表明AML1-ETO， CBFb-MYH11，和 PML-RARA 三种白血病类型与特定的甲基化有关。

SHI-1 cells can be engrafted in the pretreated nu/nu mice, and this model provides a useful experimental system for the research of leukemic extramedullary infiltration.

人单核细胞白血病细胞株SHI-1能在经SCI预处理的裸鼠体内形成白血病及多器官浸润模型，可作为研究白血病及髓外浸润的一种有用工具。

To investigate the clonal rearrangements of immunoglobulin heavy chain gene and T-cell receptor γ gene in peripheral blood cells of patients with hemapoietic malignancies and their significance, the clonal rearrangements of IgH and TCRγ genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction in peripheral blood cells of patients with hemapoietic malignancies, including 32 cases of non-Hodgkin lymphoma, 18 cases of acute myeloid leukemia, 24 cases of multiple myeloma, 8 cases of acute lymphoblastic leukemia and 6 cases of chronic lymphoblastic leukemia.

检测各种血液系统肿瘤患者外周血细胞免疫球蛋白重链基因和T细胞受体γ基因克隆性重排并探讨其意义。通过多聚酶链式反应方法检测32例非霍奇金淋巴瘤、18例急性髓性白血病、24例多发性骨髓瘤、8例急性淋巴细胞白血病及6例慢性淋巴细胞白血病患者外周血细胞IgH及TCRγ克隆性基因重排。

The transforming growth factor-β superfamily, a large group of highly conserved growth factors including TGF-βs, activins and BMPs, regulate a wide variety of cellular functions such as proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis and migration. Signals from these growth factors are transduced by a group of Smad proteins. To date, there are nine vertebrate Smads, including the receptor-activated Smads , Smadsl-3, 5 and 8, the common mediator Smad4 and Smad4β, and the inhibitory Smads, Smad6 and 7. Signaling is initiated when the ligand induces assembly of a heteromeric complex of type Ⅱ and type Ⅰ TGFβ receptors. Then R-Smads are directly phosphorylated by activated type I TGF-β receptors.

在多种SMADS中，SMAD5令我们产生兴趣，基于三个原因：1、Smad5基因敲除胚胎中发现卵黄囊的异位造血以及CFU-GM祖细胞数目增加，表明SMAD5可能是早期造血发育的负向调控基因。；2、应用反义核酸封闭Smad5可以逆转TGF-β对祖细胞增殖的抑制效应，表明它可能介导TGF-β信号转导，后者的异常，包括某些SMADS的功能异常，和白血病紧密相关；3、Smad5基因定位在人染色体5q21，此区域的缺失和急性髓系白血病和骨髓增生异常综合症相关，因此，Smad5被怀疑为白血病抑制基因。

E studied expression levels of WAVE1 in six leukemia cell lines (the human Jurkat T leukemia cells, U937 histiocytic lymphoma cells, Burkitts lymphoma cell Raji, acute promyelocytic leukemia cell HL-60, chronic myelogenous leukemia cell K562 and K562/A02) by Western blotting analysis. Levels of WAVE1 expression were high in all six human leukemia cancer cell lines. In contrast, the constitutive expression levels of WAVE1 were noticeably lower in normal human peripheral blood mononuclear cells, or non-blood cancer cell-lines, including human lung A549 cancer cells, Hela cervical cancer cells, MG-63 osteosarcoma cells, CNE2 nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells, human umbilical vein endothelial cell, QSG7701 hepatocarcinoma cells, and WI-38 lung fibroblastoma cells.

AVE1在人类血液肿瘤细胞系(人T细胞白血病细胞系Jurkat、人组织细胞淋巴瘤细胞系U937、人Burkitts淋巴瘤细胞系Raji、人原髓细胞白血病细胞系HL-60、人慢性髓原白血病细胞系K562和K562／A02)中高表达，在非血液肿瘤细胞系(人肺腺癌细胞系A549、人宫颈癌细胞系Hela、人成骨肉瘤细胞系MG-63、人鼻咽癌细胞系CNE2、人脐静脉内皮细胞系HUVEC、人肺成纤维细胞系WI-38、人肝上皮细胞系QSG7701)以及正常人外周血单个核细胞中低表达或不表达。

College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine,Shandong Agricultural University, Taian,Shandong , 271018, China Abstract:Avian leukosis virus Subgroup J is a retrovirus that infects meat-type chickens.

J亚群禽白血病病毒（Subgroup J of Avian leukosis virus，ALV-J）是90年代初由英国鉴定出来的禽白血病病毒新的亚群，主要引起肉鸡的骨髓瘤白血病。

Acute promyelocytic leukemia and acute monocytic leukemia are subtypes of AML that need different treatment than other subtypes of AML.

急性早幼粒细胞性白血病和急性单核细胞白血病是急性髓细胞性白血病的两个亚型，对这两个亚型的治疗不同于其他亚型。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。