白血病

The cytotoxicity of these compounds were valuated by MTT and SRB methods using three cancer cell lines: HL-60, A-549, P-388. Cyclo-shikonin, and cyclo-alkannin have high cytotoxicity against HL-60.The chiral center of side chain has no effect on their activity. 2- 1-(Acetyloxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl -5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (105) has strong inhibition effect on P-388 cells. 2- 1-(isooctyloxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl -5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (108) and 2- 1-(2-furoyloxy-4-methyl-3-pentenyl -5, 8-dihydroxy-1, 4-naphthoquinone (112) have high inhibition on A-549.Shikonin (1), alkannin (2), and their derivatives have the structural features of a planar chromophores and short side chain. We examined the ability to inhibit the telomerase.

抗肿瘤活性初步筛选测试采用小鼠白血病P-388肿瘤细胞和人肺癌A-549肿瘤细胞进行，结果表明侧链羟基的手性对抗肿瘤活性无明显影响；有数个化合物具有很好的体外抑制活性，特别是化合物2-（1-异辛酰氧基-4-甲基-3-戊烯基）-5，8-二羟基-1，4-萘醌（108）和2-[1-（2-呋喃甲酰氧基）-4-甲基-3-戊烯基]-5，8-二羟基-1，4-萘醌（112）体外显示对人肺癌A-549肿瘤细胞有强效；2-（1-乙酰氧基-4-甲基-3-戊烯基）-5，8-二羟基-1，4-萘醌（105）对小鼠白血病P-388肿瘤细胞有强效；环紫草素和环异紫草素对人白血病HL-60细胞有强烈抑制作用。

The theory is cell kinetics and mechanism of drugs.

主要是根据细胞动力学原理和药物的作用机理分析，如果把药物集中应用，一方面只是一过性的杀灭增殖期的白血病细胞，对静止期细胞影响不大，另一方面对正常细胞造成较大损伤，而如果药物作用于几个细胞增殖周期，对白血病细胞进行几个循环的打击，会清除更多白血病细胞，而对正常细胞损伤较小。

CML, among the most common forms of leukemia, affects about 4,500 people in the United States each year.

慢性粒细胞白血病是最常见的白血病之一。在美国，每年约有4500人罹患慢性粒细胞白血病。

The multi-drug resistant model of minimal residual leukemia was established by using P388/VCR-G cell line expressing enhanced green flourescent protein and DBA mice.

为了方便研究多药耐药微小残留白血病的病理生理和治疗，采用携带绿荧光蛋白基因标记的小鼠多药耐药白血病细胞系P388/VCR-G和DBA小鼠建立一个检测多药耐药微小残留白血病的动物模型。

Combining clinical, hematological and cytogenetical data, the 5 patients were diagnosed as acute myeloid leukemia with eosinophilia,chronic eosinophilic leukemia,8p11 myeloproliferative syndrome, chronic myeloid leukemia in acute phase and acute myeloid leukemia M4Eo respectively.

根据临床、血液学资料并结合染色体检出结果，5例患者最后分别被诊断为急性髓系白血病伴嗜酸性粒细胞增多、慢性嗜酸性粒细胞白血病、8p11骨髓增殖综合征、慢性髓系白血病急变、急性髓系白血病M4Eo。

WTHZ Results The telomerase activity and expression of telomerase rela ted genes were significantly higher in 42 leukemia patients in progress stage th an that in complete remission/chronic stage and in normal/anemia cases (P.01).The telomerase activity and expression of TP1,hTR gene in 14 cases of acute leuk emia complete remission/chronic myelogenous-chronic stage were h igher than that in normal/anemia cases (P.05). Low levels of telom erase activi ty and telomerase related genes expression could be detected in part of normal b one marrow cells. The levels of telomerase activity and telomerase related genes expression in 3 cases of anemia increased after short-term culture.

结果 42例白血病进展阶段标本的端粒酶活性和相关基因表达水平高于急性白血病完全缓解期、慢性粒细胞白血病慢性期、正常和贫血标本（P.01）；14例急性白血病完全缓解期和慢粒慢性期标本端粒酶活性和TP1、hTR基因表达水平高于正常和贫血标本（P.05）；在部分正常和贫血标本中检测到相对低水平的端粒酶活性和相关基因表达，3例贫血标本经短期常规培养后检测到端粒酶活性和基因表达增高。

In six cases of chronic myelocytic leukemia, 4 cases had MSI in more than 3 loci.

其中15例急性白血病中11例示1个以上位点有MSI；6例慢性粒细胞性白血病中4例患者在3个以上位点有MSI；15例急性白血病中2例有LOH，比其他白血病发生率高。

Methods A total of 37 leukemia patients treated with Allo-HSCT were included in the analysis, 11 with acute myeloid leukemia in first remission, 11 with acute lymphocytic leukemia in CR1 and the other 15 with chronic myelocytic leukemia in chronic phase.

1999年4月～2007年12月，应用Allo-HSCT治疗各类白血病患者37例，其中第1次完全缓解期急性髓细胞白血病和急性淋巴细胞白血病各11例，慢性期的慢性粒细胞性白血病15例。

In Chapter Two, some methods such as electron microscope, DNA ending label and MTT measurement were used to studied the changes of apoptosis, necroses and cell vigour of leukaemia K562 cell trunk and HL-60 cell trunk irradiated with millimeter wave. Different effects of millimeter wave to leukaemia cell trunks and human marrow cells were observed clearly. Human marrow cells were not so sensitive to millimeter wave radiation as leukaemia cells.

第二章，利用电镜技术、DNA末端标记、MTT活力测定等方法，研究了毫米波对红白血病K562细胞株、人类急性早幼粒白血病细胞株HL-60及正常人骨髓单核细胞的细胞超微结构、细胞凋亡、细胞活力的影响，结果发现毫米波辐射对正常人骨髓细胞及白血病细胞的影响明显不同，正常人骨髓细胞所受影响较小，特别是功率密度小的毫米波对其无影响；而白血病细胞受辐射后发生显著的凋亡或坏死，细胞活力显著下降，该效应具有明显的功率窗和时间窗。

A significant time-and-concentration-dependent inhibition of cell growth was found in all the cells treated with berbamine.

利用建立的人白血病裸鼠异种移植模型，在体外与体内研究小檗胺对多种类型白血病细胞的作用，明确小檗胺是否能诱导多种白血病细胞凋亡以及多种凋亡相关基因在其诱导细胞凋亡中的作用，为小檗胺有可能开发成为新型的抗白血病药物，并应用于临床治疗，提供实验和理论依据。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。