癌

The positive rate and density of CEA in carcinomas of simplex, invasive ductal, and scirrhus types were significantly higher than those in papillary, medullary and medullary with abundant lymphoid infiltration carcinomas.

结果表明：单纯癌、浸润性导管癌、硬癌等癌组织中，CEA阳性率及平均CEA强度均明显高于乳头状癌、髓样癌、髓样癌伴大量淋巴细胞浸润。

Results For the first primary lesions,most of them were stage IIa, including 12 invasive ductal caicinoma, 5DCIS, 2 invasive lobular caicinoma, a invasive carcinoma with cribriform pattern and 1 case mixed-cell carcinoma. On FFDM, 5 had microcalcification,13 were mass, 1 showed focal high attenuation and 2 were not detected. For the second primary lesions, most of them were stage 0, including 7 invasive ductal carcinoma, 12 DCIS ,1 invasive lobular carcinoma, 1 mixed-cell carcinoma.

结果；第一原发癌以Ⅱa期为主，浸润性导管癌12例，导管原位癌5例，浸润性小叶癌2例，浸润性筛状癌1例，混合细胞癌1例；5例以微钙化为主要表现，13例肿块，局部密度曾浓1例，2例未见异常；第二原发性癌以0期为主，浸润性异常癌7例，导管原位癌12例，浸润性小叶癌1例，混合细胞癌1例；11例以微钙化为主要表现，肿块3例，结构不良4例，局部密度曾浓1例，2例未见异常。

Compared with control,①the mean tumor weight of H22 of SXKA Granules three dose groups were decreased significantly(P.01,P.05),and the mean inhibition rates of SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups were above 30%;②the mean tumor weight of S180 of SXKA Granules three dose groups were decreased significantly(P.01),and the mean inhibition rates of SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups were above 32%;③the mean tumor weight of EAC of SXKA Granules three dose groups were decreased significantly ( P.01, P.05),and the mean inhibition rates of SXKA Granules 20 g/kg dose groups were above 38%;④the mean tumor weight of Lewis carcinoma of SXKA Granules three dose groups were decreased significantly(P.01, P.05),and the mean inhibition rates of SXKA Granules 20、10、5 g/kg dose groups were above 36%;⑤the mean tumor weight of W256 of SXKA Granules three dose groups were decreased significantly ( P.01, P.05),and the mean inhibition rates of SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups were above 32%;⑵Compared with control,SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups had extended the survial time of the P388-bearing mice respectively(P.01),and the mean prolong rates of SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups were above 50%;⑶Compared with S180-bearing group, SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups could increase the weight of thymus and spleen, Spleen index and thymus index were increased, SXKA Granules 5 g/kg dose group could increase thymus index(P.05);⑷As Compared with control group, SXKA Granules 20、10 g/kg dose groups could improve mouse serum half hemolysis value depressed by transplanted tumor dramatically(P.01), which revealed the SXKA granules could improve the mouse humoral immunity system;⑸SXKA Granules 20 g/kg dose group could increase of englobe indexαon S180-bearing mice remarkably(P.01), which indicated the SXKA Granules could improve their cellular immunity system.

对荷W256大鼠，生兴克癌冲剂20、10、5 g / kg三组的平均瘤重明显低于对照组(P.01，P.05)，生兴克癌冲剂20、10 g / kg组的平均肿瘤抑制率均大于32 %；⑵与空白对照组相比，生兴克癌冲剂20、10 g/ kg能显著地延长移植小鼠白血病P388小鼠的存活天数(P.01)，生兴克癌冲剂20、10 g/ kg对荷白血病P388小鼠生命延长率均在50%以上；⑶与S180荷瘤组相比，生兴克癌冲剂对荷瘤鼠的免疫器官重量、胸腺指数和脾指数有一定的提高趋势，其中生兴克癌冲剂5 g / kg组对荷瘤小鼠的胸腺指数有一定的提高作用(P.05)；⑷与S180荷瘤组相比，生兴克癌冲剂20、10 g /kg组可提高由荷瘤引起的小鼠血清半数溶血素值的降低(P.01)，表明其可提高荷瘤小鼠体液免疫功能；⑸与对照组相比，生兴克癌冲剂20 g /kg组可提高荷S180肉瘤小鼠的免疫吞噬系数α值(P.01)，表明其可提高荷瘤小鼠细胞免疫功能。

Pathologic characteristic of supraglottic carcinoma spreading anterosuperiorly in l00 cas-es was investigated by whole-organ sections of the larynx. The results showed that 75%of supraglottic carcinomas were found to spread anterosuperiorly.In these cases, carcinoma in the epiglottis-ventricular fold accounted for 90%;epiglottic carcinoma 8l.8%; and carcinoma in the ventricular fold 33.3%.

采用喉连续切片技术重点观察100例声门上癌向前上发展的病理特点：声门上癌向前上发展平均为75％，其中会厌室带癌向前上发展的频度最高，为90％，会厌癌为81.8％，室带癌为33.3％，构会壁癌和构区癌未见向前上发展，声门上癌向前上发展以累及会厌前间隙为主，共6O例，其中累及会厌舌面为42例次，累及会厌谷为17例次，累及舌根为12例次，累及甲状软骨前上部为7例次。

These cancer cells might histogenetically be related to the transitional or metaplastic epithelium of prostate according to morphological analysis,(2) Mucinous adenocarcinoma, Xanthomatous carcinoma, ductal carcinoma, medullary carcinoma, endometrioid carcinoma, papillary carcinoma and signet-ring cell carcinoma were positive for PSA and 35βH11, these carcinomas might histogenetically be related to prostatic secretory epithelium,(3) Prostatic carcinoid showed positive to PSA, 35βH11, NSE and CgA, corresponded with endocrine cell originator,(4) Small cell carcinoma were negative for PSA, 35βH11, NSE and CgA, whether or not it originates from endocrine cells, storage cells or basal cell of prostate had yet to be proved,(5) 34βE12 marking was negative in cancerous areas of 27 cases, and the basal cells were absent in PPTC.

从形态分析，这两种癌可能同源于移行上皮或化生上皮：（2）粘液腺癌、黄色瘤样癌、导管癌、髓样癌、宫内膜样癌、乳头状癌及印戒细胞癌均显PSA及35βH11阳性，提示这几种癌可能来源于分泌上皮，（3）类癌对PSA、35βH11、NSE及CgA均显阳性，符合内分泌细胞来源，（4）小细胞癌无PSA、NSE及CgA表达，对c-erbB-2及35βH11显阳性，是否来源于前列腺内分泌细胞、储备细胞或基细胞有待证实，（5）27例癌区均无34βE12表达，提示PPTC中基细胞缺失。

The percentage of TGF-β〓 positive cell in the pancreatic cancer tissue (43.8±5.2)％ was significantly higher than that in adjacent pancreatic tissue (28.7±3.6)％, P＜0.05. The worse the cancer cells differentiated and lymphy node metastasis, the more over-expression of TGF-β〓. 2. The percentage of Tr positive cell in the pancreatic cancer tissue (41±4)％ was significantly higher than that in adjacent pancreatic tissue (23±3)％, P＜0.05. The worse the cancer cells differentiated and lymphy node metastasis, the more over-expression of Tr, but the expression of Tr protein was not correlated with lymphy node metastasis (P＞0.05). 3. The percentage of β-GCD positive cell in the pancreatic cancer tissue (62.5± 4.1)％ was significantly higher than that in adjacent pancreatic tissue (33.5±2.8)％, P＜0.05. The worse the cancer cells differentiated and lymphy node metastasis, the more over-expression of β-GCD in pancreatic cancer tissue, but the expression of β-GCD protein was not correlated with lymphy node metastasis. P＞0.05. 4. the expression of β-GCD was significantly correlated with TGF-β〓 and Tr in the pancreatic cancer tissue.

结果如下：1、胰腺癌组织TGF-β〓阳性细胞百分率(43.8±5.2)％明显高于癌旁胰腺组织(28.7±3.6)％，P＜0.05；且癌细胞分化愈差或有淋巴结转移TGF-β〓过度表达愈多。2、胰腺癌组织Tr阳性细胞百分率(41±4)％，明显高于癌旁胰腺组织(23±3)％，P＜0.05；且不同分化程度胰腺癌组织Tr表达强度不同，分化程度愈低，表达强度愈高，P＜0.05；但胰腺癌Tr表达强度与淋巴结是否转移无关，P＞0.05.3、对于胰腺癌组织TGF-β〓和Tr表达，检测胰腺癌组织(32例)β-GCD阳性细胞百分率分别为(62.5±4.1)％或(62±4)％，分别明显高于癌旁胰腺组织β-GCD阳性细胞百分率(33.5±2.8)％或(43±3)％，P＜0.05；不同分化程度胰腺癌组织β-GCD表达强度不同，分化程度越低，表达强度越高，P＜0.05；但胰腺癌组织β-GCD表达强度与淋巴结是否转移无关，P＞0.05.4、TGF-β〓、Tr和β-GCD在胰腺癌组织中的表达随着分化程度的改变，呈现一致性的关系，而且TGF-β〓与淋巴结转移有关，Tr和β-GCD与淋巴结是否转移无关。

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI manifestations of oral carcinoma,and to evaluate the value of imaging technologies in the diagnosis of oral carcinoma,thus to explore the most reasonable imaging method Methods 46 cases with oral carcinoma,proved by surgery and pathology （2 lip tumors,8 carcinomas of the gingival ridge,5 carcinomas of the buccal mucosa,24 tongue carcinomas,5 carcinomas of the floor of the mouth,2 tumors of the hard palate）,were analysed retrospectively32 cases were examined with CT and 14 cases with MRIImaging presentations were compared with surgery and pathology Results Of the 46 cases with oral carcinoma,22 were ulcerative lesion of infiltrative growth,24 were masslike lesion of extruded trowthOf the 32 cases examined with CT scan,27 were detected,5 were missed,the 4 missed cases were confirmed to be superficial ulcers by surgery and pathologyOf the 10 cases with bone destruction examined with CT scan,8 were manifested,2 were missedAnd of the 14 cases with MRI scan,all 14 were detected Conclusion CT and MRI scan are valuable for diagnosis of oral carcinomasThey can manifest the morphology and size of primary tumor,contiguous structures,bone invasion and cervical lymph node metastasisMRI is the optimal imaging method for superficial ulcerative lesion of infiltratibe growth

徐 锋，罗德红，唐威，欧阳汉，周纯武目的分析口腔癌的CT及MRI表现，评价影像检查在口腔癌诊断中的应用价值，探索合理的影像学检查方法。方法回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的口腔癌46例（唇癌2例，牙龈癌8例，颊黏膜癌5例，舌癌24例，口底癌5例，硬腭癌2例），其中32例行CT扫描，14例行MRI扫描，将影像表现与手术所见及病理结果进行对照分析。结果 46例口腔癌中，呈浸润性生长的溃疡型病变22例，外生性生长的肿物型病变24例。CT扫描32例，明确显示病变27例，遗漏病变5例，其中4例为表浅溃疡型病变。CT扫描病例中，10例有骨质侵犯，CT扫描准确评价8例，遗漏2例。MRI扫描14例，均准确评价肿瘤及其与周围结构的关系。结论 CT、MRI对口腔癌原发肿瘤的形态、大小、周围结构侵犯、颈部淋巴结转移的评价有重要价值。对于较小及呈浸润性生长的表浅溃疡型肿瘤，CT扫描尤其是CT平扫难以准确显示，应首选MRI。

Objective To analyze the CT and MRI manifestations of oral carcinoma,and to evaluate the value of imaging technologies in the diagnosis of oral carcinoma,thus to explore the most reasonable imaging method Methods 46 cases with oral carcinoma,proved by surgery and pathology （2 lip tumors,8 carcinomas of the gingival ridge,5 carcinomas of the buccal mucosa,24 tongue carcinomas,5 carcinomas of the floor of the mouth,2 tumors of the hard palate）,were analysed retrospectively32 cases were examined with CT and 14 cases with MRIImaging presentations were compared with surgery and pathology Results Of the 46 cases with oral carcinoma,22 were ulcerative lesion of infiltrative growth,24 were masslike lesion of extruded trowthOf the 32 cases examined with CT scan,27 were detected,5 were missed,the 4 missed cases were confirmed to be superficial ulcers by surgery and pathologyOf the 10 cases with bone destruction examined with CT scan,8 were manifested,2 were missedAnd of the 14 cases with MRI scan,all 14 were detected Conclusion CT and MRI scan are valuable for diagnosis of oral carcinomasThey can manifest the morphology and size of primary tumor,contiguous structures,bone invasion and cervical lymph node metastasisMRI is the optimal imaging method for superficial ulcerative lesion of infiltratibe growth

中华硕博网核心提示：徐锋，罗德红，唐威，欧阳汉，周纯武关键词：口腔肿瘤目的分析口腔癌的CT及MRI表现，评价影像检查在口腔癌诊断中的应用价值，探徐锋，罗德红，唐威，欧阳汉，周纯武目的分析口腔癌的CT及MRI表现，评价影像检查在口腔癌诊断中的应用价值，探索合理的影像学检查方法。方法回顾性分析经手术及病理证实的口腔癌46例（唇癌2例，牙龈癌8例，颊黏膜癌5例，舌癌24例，口底癌5例，硬腭癌2例），其中32例行CT扫描，14例行MRI扫描，将影像表现与手术所见及病理结果进行对照分析。结果46例口腔癌中，呈浸润性生长的溃疡型病变22例，外生性生长的肿物型病变24例。CT扫描32例，明确显示病变27例，遗漏病变5例，其中4例为表浅溃疡型病变。CT扫描病例中，10例有骨质侵犯，CT扫描准确评价8例，遗漏2例。MRI扫描14例，均准确评价肿瘤及其与四周结构的关系。结论 CT、MRI对口腔癌原发肿瘤的形态、大小、四周结构侵犯、颈部淋巴结转移的评价有重要价值。对于较小及呈浸润性生长的表浅溃疡型肿瘤，CT扫描尤其是CT平扫难以准确显示，应首选MRI。

Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect Tiam 1 expression in 89 cases of primary tumor and metastatic lymph node of thyroid carcinoma.

结果淋巴结转移癌组织中Tiam1的表达显著高于甲状腺癌原发灶中的表达(P.05)；伴发转移的甲状腺癌组织比未发生转移的甲状腺癌组织的Tiam1表达明显增强(P.05)；甲状腺髓样癌、未分化癌组织中Tiam1的表达显著高于乳头状癌、滤泡癌中的表达(P.05)；高临床分期甲状腺癌组织中的Tiam1表达明显高于低临床分期中的表达(P.05)。

Tissue Preparation: 159 cases of paraffin sections of lung carcinomascomprised of adenocarcinoma (84 cases), squamous cell carcinoma (42 cases), smallcell lung carcinoma (10 cases), large cell carcinoma (15 cases), pleomorphic carcinoma(4 cases), and metastatic colon carcinoma (4 cases), and 86 adenocarcinomas fromsome organs other than lung, including colon (15 specimens), stomach (5 specimens),prostate (5 specimens), breast (35 specimens), uterus body (11 specimens), ovary (10specimens) and thyroid (5 specimens) were chosen from the surgical files ofYamanashi University Hospital and Kofu City Hospital.

标本来源：159例肺癌及其癌旁组织标本包括84例腺癌、42例鳞癌、10例小细胞癌、15例大细胞癌、4例多形性癌和4例肺转移性结肠癌，以及86例全身其他组织腺癌及其癌旁组织标本包括15例结肠腺癌、5例胃腺癌、5例前列腺癌、35例乳腺癌、11例子宫内膜腺癌、10例卵巢癌及5例甲状腺癌，均来自日本山梨大学附属医院和甲府市立医院外科手术标本。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。