瘘的

The conservative therapy should be employed in cases with a maximal production of chyle below 500 ml a day. Operative should be done early in cases with a maximal production exceeding 500 ml a day and with conservative treatment failure for a few days.

对乳糜量每日少于500 ml的早期乳糜瘘可采用保守治疗；对保守治疗短期内无效及乳糜量每日超过500 ml 的乳糜瘘，应及时采用手术治疗。

METHODS: In fifty consecutive patients with a bridge graft we measured graft flow and venous drip chamber pressure at a dialyzer blood flow of 200 ml/min.

我们测量了50位建有人工内瘘患者的内瘘流量和静脉壶压，测量时透析机的血流量均设定在200ml/min。

the top digit complex anus fistula is refers tothe multi- pipelines many moves towards complex outside,内口 the position passed through includes a e myo- in-depth anal tube on clinical awkwardly to govern.

高位复杂性肛瘘是指多外口、多管道走向复杂，内口位置穿过外括的肌深层的肛管直肠瘘，临床上较为难治。

BACKGROUND ＆ OBJECTIVE: A special kind of fistula will be formed when cervical gastroesophageal anastomotic fistula occurs and its contents contaminate mediastinum or pleural cavity after esophagogastrostomy. The diagnosis and treatment are difficult to made. It is very dangerous if the treatment is incorrect.

背景与目的：食管癌术后胃食管颈部吻合口内瘘入纵隔、胸腔时形成特殊类型的吻合口瘘，诊治均较困难，处理不当则易危及生命。

Methods: Fifty rabbits underwent left tube ureterocutaneostomy as a method of urinary diversion, all rabbits were divided randomly into five groups: the flushing group perfused immediately after ureterocutaneostomy, and the intrapelvic pressure is 60, 80, 100, 120 cmH2O, but the sham operated group didn't flush. Urinary albumin were examined every day after operation, we also got pathological examination of nephridial tissue continually.

分别建立左侧输尿管皮肤造口的动物模型：健康家兔50只，随机分为5组（每组10只），假手术组只造瘘不灌注，灌注组输尿管造瘘后立即行逆行灌注，灌注压力分别为60、80、100、120 cmH2O(1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa)，术后每天留取尿标本定量测定尿白蛋白，连续取肾组织行病理检查监测兔肾形态学改变。

objective:to explore the possibility and indication of surgical treatment of anastomotic recurrence following resection of cardiac carcinoma.method:reoperation was performed in 16 patients with anastomotic recurrence from 1992 to 2004.secondary resection was in 9(56.3%) and jejunostomy in 3.result:in 9 patients,pneumonia occurred in 3 and hydrothorax in 1 after secondary resection.

目的：探讨贲门癌术后吻合口复法癌再手术的可能和适应症。方法：回顾1992年至2004年我科尝试性行该手术16例，再次手术采用左胸切口和胸腹联合切口，手术切除9例（56.3%）；术中经胃造瘘术4例；行空肠造瘘术3例。结果：术后并发肺部感染3例；胸腔积液1例。

Results: All of 19 patients who received simple insertion and regular change of ureter stents experienced consistent improved renal function. Of 5 patients treated with antegrache or retrograde endoscopic ureterotomy/dilation and long-term indwelling of Di stent, 4 showed recovered and stable renal function, and 1 changed to nephrostomy because of unsatisfying outcomes. Three patients received permenant nephrostomy after unsuccessful endoscopic attempts and remained functionally uneventful.

结果：19例单纯输尿管内插入内支架管并定期更换，肾功能改善并基本保持稳定。5例采用顺行或逆行的输尿管镜内切开和／或扩张治疗，并长期停留双J管，4例肾功能有所恢复并稳定，1例效果不理想，改行肾造瘘。3例试行窥镜处理失败，改行长期肾造瘘，肾功能保持稳定。

Objective The influence of experimental perilymphatic fistula on inner ear morphology was investigated to establish an experimental model which could offer a warranty for cinical treatment.

目的：建立动物模型观察实验性外淋巴瘘对内耳形态学的影响，为临床治疗外淋巴瘘提供实验性依据。

Results CT scan indicated that cancer relapsed 3 to 84 months after surgery.For patients with colostomy,the CT scan showed nodular or lobulated mass in the areas of perineum and presacralis,as well as loss of presacral fat space.For patients without colostomy.CT finding included thickened rectal wall with unregular proximal tumor,rectal obliteration,rectostenosis and ddisplacement of perirectal fat space.

结果 肿瘤复发的CT表现：造瘘术后CT表现为会阴及骶前区肿块，呈结节状或分叶状，骶前脂肪间隙消失；无造瘘术后CT表现新直肠壁增厚伴不规则偏心性肿块，管腔狭窄及闭塞，直肠周围脂肪间隙狭窄移位。

Methods:46 case severy kind of anal fistula patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:treatment group (23 cases) Were treated with acellular extracellular matrix.Control group (23 cases) were treated with operations of anal fistula amputate.

将北京朝阳医院2007年1~8月门诊收治的46例肛瘘随机分为2组，治疗组（23例）采用脱细胞真皮基质材料填塞进行治疗，对照组（23例）采用肛瘘切除手术治疗。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。