瘘

Methods Nutrient canal was indwelt through the nasal-intestinal tube or by jejunum fistulation in the operation of 157 cases with carcinoma of esophagus or with cardiac cancer; after operation, Fresubin was given through the indwelt canal.

对378例食管、贲门癌患者在术中留置鼻肠管或行空肠造瘘留置营养管，术后经鼻肠管或空肠造瘘管给予瑞素营养治疗。

Methods :Nutrient canal was indwelt through the nasal-intestinal tube or by jejunum fistulation in the operation of 157 cases with carcinoma of esophagus or with cardiac cancer;after operation,Fresubin was given through the indwelt canal.

方法对157例食管、贲门癌患者在术中行鼻肠管留置或行空肠造瘘留置营养管，术后经鼻肠管或空肠造瘘管给予瑞素营养治疗。

Results The nutrient canals were smoothly indwelt in all the patients; the complications such as anastomotic leakage, lung infection, infection in chest cavity, infection of incisional wound and obstacles in chest cavity and stomach evacuation in the patients receiving early enteral nutrition were much less than those in the patients receiving routine fluid infusion, no death occurred; the time for bowel sound recovery, anus aerofluxus and defecation after operation was much shorter.

结果 所有食管、贲门癌术中均顺利留置鼻肠管或营养管，早期肠内营养患者吻合口瘘、肺部感染、胸腔感染、切口感染、术后胸胃排空障碍等并发症发生率较传统常规补液组明显减少，无一例死亡发生。术后肠鸣音恢复时间、肛门排气和排便时间明显缩短。

Methods Four patients with occluded dialysis fistula were taken in this study.

目的 讨论使已闭塞的血透内瘘恢复功能的介入治疗方法。

It is reported that the covered stent effectively occludes aneurysm, dissecting aneurysm and arteriovenous fistula, keeps patency of the parent artery.

已有报道说明应用带膜支架可有效的闭塞动脉瘤、夹层动脉瘤、动静脉瘘等病变，且能保持载瘤动脉通畅。

Once common in Europe and the United States, cases of obstetric fistula now occur almost entirely in the developing world where poor nutrition and girls giving birth before their pelvises fully developed contribute to the risks.

在欧洲和美国，产科瘘一度非常普遍，如今这种疾病几乎遍及所有发展中地区--营养缺乏以及女性在骨盆发育成熟之前生育都增加了罹患此病的风险。

Methods: Two patients with a prenatal diagnosis of intrahepatic arteriovenous shunts were treated at our institution in the last 2 years.

2年来，2例产前诊断为肝内动静脉瘘的患儿在院接受治疗。

Selective coronary arteriography is of first choice for diagnosing coronary-to pulmonary artery shunts.

选择性冠状动脉造影是诊断冠状动脉-肺动脉瘘的最佳方法。

The blood supply of tumor and normal liver tissue and the appearances of venous thrombosis and arteriovenous shunts were analyzed.

分析肝脏及癌肿血供系统MSCTA表现，以及静脉癌栓、动静脉瘘的MSCTA表现。

Results All the patients showed sputum negative conversion and were cured without anastomotic fistulae, stenoses and other complications.

结果46例结核性支气管狭窄患者得到治愈，无残端和吻合口瘘；痰菌全部转阴；无狭窄复发。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。