瘘

PEG tube maybe superior than covered-SEMS to treat intensive tracheoesophageal fistulas patients.

经PEG留置胃造瘘管对于治疗气管食管瘘显著优于行内镜下食管自膨式覆膜金属支架植入术。

it is feasible to choose properly to operate on transmural rupture of esophagus.

食管破裂通过选择适当时机行手术治疗是可行的；同时，带膜金属支架介入治疗食管破裂具有操作简单、封闭瘘口、创伤小、并发症少的优点。

Results Among of 6 cases of urachal anomalies,urachal fistula associated with infection 1 case,transitional cell carcinoma 1 case,urachal cyst 2 cases,urachal cyst associated with infection and adenocarcinoma 1 cases each.

结果 6例中1例脐尿管瘘伴感染，1例脐尿管移行细胞癌，2例脐尿管囊肿，1例脐尿管囊肿伴感染，1例脐尿管囊肿伴脐尿管腺癌。

If urethral obstruction occurs, congenital megaurethra is lethal without patent urachus or rectoesical fistula.

如果存在尿道梗阻，先天性巨尿道即便没有脐尿管未闭或直肠膀胱瘘也是致死性的。

objective: to investigate the value of minimally invasive perctaneous nephrolithotony in upper ureteric calculi.

目的：探讨经皮肾微造瘘输尿管肾镜取石术在输尿管上段结石的应用价值。

The complicated ureter stone-streets were cured by trascutaˉneous nephrocentesis and nephrostomy through ureterocystoscope,haemostatic and antibiotic.The12patients hadn't variation of nephrofunction and recurrence of stone for following3-24months.

经皮肾穿刺造瘘术和输尿管镜取石，止血，抗炎等治疗后，排尽石头，随访3个月～2年未见肾功能改变和结石复发。

The complications included one bladder injury, ureterovaginal fistula, intestinal injury, internal hemorrhage celiac abscess.

并发症包括膀胱损伤1例，输尿管阴道瘘1例，肠道损伤2例，内出血2例，盆腔脓肿1例。

Objective To summarize the clinical experience in urethral fistula repair after hypospadias urethroplasty.

目的 总结提高尿道下裂尿道成型术后尿瘘修复成功率的经验。

Objective: To Sum up the experience of urethral fistula repair after hypospadias urethroplasty.

目的：总结通过改进手术方法、缝合材料，提高尿瘘一次修补成功率的经验。

High thread-drawing drain can relieve post-operation pain, uroschesis and improve sphincter musle in treating high anal fistula.

结论］高位挂线引流术，既低位切开高位不挂线扩创旷置引流术治疗高位肛瘘能减轻术后疼痛、尿潴留，改善肛门括约功能。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。