瘘

Results: This group included 31 TCCF patients with the characteristics: the incidence rate of this disease for male is higher than that for female; the average age is 38.2 year-old, the male average age is lower than that of female. The common clinical symptoms are pulsatile intracranial bruit, pulsating exophthalmos and congested and edema conjunctiva, which usually appeared in 7 days after the trauma. These symptoms even appeared two months after the trauma in exceptional patients. Among the 31 patients, 13 patients didn't get timely diagnosis and treatment when they had presented typical symptoms.

临床症状主要表现为搏动性突眼、颅内杂音和结膜充血水肿，症状出现时间主要在外伤后7天内（25/31），个别患者在伤后近两个月出现症状。31例患者中，13例患者出现首发症状后没有得到及时诊断和治疗。31例患者均行DSA确诊，其中29例患者采用球囊栓塞瘘口，1例行弹簧圈填塞海绵窦，1例行覆膜支架封闭瘘口。

The conservative therapy should be employed in cases with a maximal production of chyle below 500 ml a day. Operative should be done early in cases with a maximal production exceeding 500 ml a day and with conservative treatment failure for a few days.

对乳糜量每日少于500 ml的早期乳糜瘘可采用保守治疗；对保守治疗短期内无效及乳糜量每日超过500 ml 的乳糜瘘，应及时采用手术治疗。

The rational nutritive cure can improve the nutritive status of the patient and advance the concrescence of the fistula, and play an important affection in the drop of the amalgamative symptom and the death rate.

合理的营养治疗是保证肠瘘病人不出现营养衰竭的根本条件，可以改善病人营养状况，促进瘘口的愈合，在降低并发症和死亡率方面有特别重要的作用。

Objective To observe the effects of allogenic acellular dermal matrix in the treatment of anal fistula.

目的 寻求一种微创治疗肛瘘的新方法，研究脱细胞真皮基质材料治疗肛瘘的临床效果。

METHODS: In fifty consecutive patients with a bridge graft we measured graft flow and venous drip chamber pressure at a dialyzer blood flow of 200 ml/min.

我们测量了50位建有人工内瘘患者的内瘘流量和静脉壶压，测量时透析机的血流量均设定在200ml/min。

Objective: To discuss the method of percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy and percutaneous endoscopic jejunostomy to set up the way of enteral nutrition.

目的：探讨经皮内镜胃造瘘术和经皮内镜小肠造瘘术建立肠内营养的方法。

Objective To assess the effects of self-expandable metallic stents (covered-SEMS) and percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy in the treatment of tracheoesophageal fistulas.

目的 评估内镜下食管覆膜自膨式金属支架植入术与经皮内镜下胃造瘘术在气管食管瘘治疗中的应用价值。

Pancreatic and biliary duct fistula are the most severe and common complication following pancreatoduodenectomy. To prevent this complication, anastomosis should be appropriately performed and drainage of the pancreatic and bile duct is crucial.

胰瘘和胆瘘是胰十二指肠切除术后最常见和最严重的并发症，为预防其发生，除吻合方法的不断改进外，胰液及胆汁的引流是预防胰、胆瘘的关键。

Purpose: To explore further improvement of method in treating anus fistula, by observing curative effect of incision thread-drawing adding hemostasis by compression and sutura in anus fistula, and comparing the cure effect of treatment group with control group, so that the cure effect of incision thread-drawing adding hemostasis by compression and satura was verified and was affirmed.

目的：通过观察切开或切开挂线加缝压止血法治疗肛瘘的疗效，并将切开或切开挂线加缝压止血法与切开或切开挂线法的疗效进行对照比较，对临床治疗肛瘘的方法进一步改进进行初步的探索，验证从而肯定切开或切开挂线加缝压止血法在肛瘘治疗中的作用。

According to the type of surgery, the patients were divided into five groups: fenestration for sylvian arachnoid cysts group, intraventricular arachnoid cyst resection group, septum pellucidum fistulization group, third ventriculostomy group, and choroid plexus coagulation group. the characteristics of postoperative febrile response in all the groups were summarized and analyzed.

将病人按手术方式分为5组：外侧裂蛛网膜囊肿造瘘组、脑室内蛛网膜囊肿切除组、透明膈造瘘组、第三脑室底造瘘组、脉络丛烧灼术组，分别总结各组病人的术后发热反应特点。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。