痘苗

Because these viruses abortively infect human and most mamralian cells yet still effecfivelypresent encoded forgein genes to the host inmune system Compared with the replication-compentent vaccinin virus,the MVA modified vaccinia Ankara ,all a highly attenuated vaccinia virus,lost hte ability to replicate in human and most mamralian cells except BHK-21 and CEF cells.

痘苗病毒做为一种载体在外源抗原蛋白的递呈方面有着很大的潜力。因为这类病毒不能感染人和大多数哺乳动物细胞，却可以有效地将外源基因编码的蛋白递呈给宿主免疫系统。

These two types construct the basis of codon usage on the function and expression stage, respectively.

痘苗病毒以基因的功能构筑密码子使用类型的基础，而腺病毒则以表达的时相构筑密码子使用类型的基础。

For constructing strong combined promoter to enhance the foreign gene expression in Fowlpox virus vector, four oligonucleotides were synthesized according to the essential structure of the vaccinia virus nature promoter P7.5 and were used for generating early and late promoters.

要提高外源基因在鸡痘病毒载体的表达量，必须使用强启动子来控制表达。为构建较强的启动子组合，根据痘苗病毒天然启动子P7.5的结构，人工合成4条寡核苷酸，形成一个早期启动子和一个晚期启动子，其首尾可相互连接。

The recombinant RSV vaccinia virus VMS11G75F was constructed strictly according to the rules of biological products and all tests for contamination by bacteria, Chicken leucosis virus and mycoplasma gave negative results, so that vaccinia recombinant VMS11G75F could be a candidate of recombinant RSV live vaccine for human test.

HSV重组痘苗病毒VMS11G75F是严格按照人用疫苗株程序构建而成，并对多种外源因子污染(包括：细菌、鸡白血病病毒、支原体等)进行了检查，均为阴性，因此是一株可供人体实验观察的RSV基因工程活疫苗候选株。

These results supply the important theory and practice base to develop safer and more effective multivalent vaccine and anti-tumor immunotherapeutic area using vaccinia virus vector.

这些结果为进一步研究与开发更安全有效的以痘苗病毒为载体的多价疫苗以及痘苗病毒在肿瘤免疫治疗中的应用提供了重要的理论和实验基础。

Challenge was made after one month of immunization by vein. Re sults:The parasitemia of recombinant virus immunized monkey was 0.0 1%in first tw o days of post-challenge. No parasites were determined from third to 12th day. W hereas the parasitemia of control virus immunized-monkey and blank control monk ey rose progressively,went to 2.5%～6.0% at 6th～8th days of post-challenge, an d the t ime of parasitemia was 12～13 days.

结果： 在免疫后1个月攻虫，重组痘苗病毒免疫猴从第3天一直到第12 d的采血检查中均未发现疟原虫；非重组痘苗病毒免疫猴第3天后原虫感染率上升，第6天原虫感染率最高达到6.0%，而后原虫感染率逐渐下降，原虫持续时间为13天；空白对照猴第3天后原虫感染率也上升，第8天原虫感染率最高达到2.5%，而后原虫感染率逐渐下降，原虫持续出现时间为12 d。

Tilter of the recombinant vaccinia virus is 1×109 pfu/ml.Conclusion This experiment provides a new approach to study the function of CD20 which will also lay a foundation of preparation for the mAb against CD20. human CD20;recombinant vaccinia virus;gene expression

本实验将编码人CD20的cDNA重组到痘苗病毒载体pJSA1175中，构建含人CD20编码cDNA的重组痘苗病毒，希望获得能够表达CD20的重组病毒，用于CD20分子的功能研究及单抗或多抗研制。

They discovered that vaccinia produces two proteins right after it infects a cell.

他们发现，痘苗感染一个细胞之后立即产生两种蛋白质，两种蛋白质结合在一起在细胞表面形成一种复合物，这种复合物能够阻止其他的痘苗病毒微粒进入细胞（病毒再次侵入细胞的过程叫做"重叠感染"）。

We adopted the codon usage of vaccinia virus to modified the codon usage of nef and expression them in two prokaryotic expression vector.

我们采用痘苗病毒总体密码子使用频率改造HIV的nef基因后，提高基因的AT含量，其对痘苗总体的CAI指数提高到0.9以上。

These results suggested that the function of each function domain in HIV 1 LTR exhibited distinct characteristics on gag gene expression in vaccinia virus:(1) The function of intact LTR on gag gene expression varied with the upstream poxvirus promoter;(2) NR sequence neither decreased nor increased the Gag protein exprssion level;(3) Enhancer sequence might not be recognized by recombinant vaccinia virus expression system;(4) TAR sequence enhanced Gag protein expression effectively;(5) U5 region and its downstream non translated sequence had little effect on

免疫印迹和免疫酶试验检测均表明，6株重组病毒的Gag蛋白表达量因LTR不同而有明显差异，表明HIV1的LTR及其下游基因置于痘病毒启动子控制下，在痘苗病毒中表达时有下述特点：（1）不同的痘苗病毒启动子与全长LTR相互作用，对gag基因表达有显著不同的调控效果；（2）NR序列对Gag蛋白表达没有明显影响；（3）EN序列不能被重组痘苗病毒表达系统识别；（4）TAR序列可提高Gag蛋白的表达量；（5）U5区及下游非翻译序列不影响Gag蛋白的表达。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。