病毒

The protocol for the detections of all the AIV isolates, the H5-subtype and the optimization of reactions were studied with a H5-subtype reference isolate BSG1. A 229bp-band of AIV specific and a 380bp-band of H5 subtype specific were amplified individually with the designed primers of AIV specific and H5-subtype specific respectively by the developed RT-PCR technique from isolate BSG1. A double-PCR was also developed which can detect all the AIVs and identify the H5-subtype AIVs. The results of specificity experiment showed that there was no specific band could be amplified with the samples of Newcastle disease virus, infectious bronchitis virus, infectious laryngotracheitis virus, egg drop syndrome virus and infectious bursal disease virus.

结果应用通用引物可从BSG1毒株扩增到与预计大小相符的229bp AIV特异性片段，应用H5亚型鉴定引物则可从BSG1毒株扩增到与预计大小相符的380bp H5亚型特异性片段；在此基础上建立了可检测所有AIV毒株以及可同时进行H5亚型毒株鉴定的二重RT-PCR方法；检测方法的特异性试验结果表明，该方法对新城疫病毒、传染性支气管炎病毒、传染性喉气管炎病毒、产蛋下降综合症、传染性法氏囊病毒无交叉反应；检测方法的敏感性试验结果表明，通用引物扩增、H5亚型特异性引物扩增以及二重PCR扩增反应的组织样品总RNA的最低检出量分别为0.0217μg、0.0217μg和2.17μg；对20份临床样品检测中，有10份为AIV阳性，其中有5份为H5亚型病毒阳性。

Marburg virus from Germany, Lassa virus from Yale, HIV from France, polio virus isolates from everywhere.

来自德国的马尔堡病毒，来自耶鲁大学的拉沙病毒，来自法国的人免疫缺陷病毒，来自到处的脊髓灰质炎病毒分离物等。

Marburg virus from Germany, Lassa virus from Yale, HIV from France, poliovirus isolates from everywhere .

来自德国的马尔堡病毒，来自耶鲁大学的拉沙病毒，来自法国的人免疫缺陷病毒，来自到处的脊髓灰质炎病毒分离物等。

Now certain is that the Ebola virus, Marburg virus, Lassa fever virus and Rift Valley fever virus has been excluded, not the cause of the causes of death.

现在可以确定是，埃博拉病毒、马尔堡病毒、拉沙热病毒以及裂谷热病毒已经被排除在外，不是导致死亡的原因。

Phylogenetic tree derived from all known EPVs spheroidin gene indicates that the order of the EPV host is in relationship with the genus of corresponding EPV, which agrees with a recent point that "Lepidopteran EPVs and Orthopteran EPVs should be divided into two distinct genus".

对已知的几种昆虫痘病毒球状体蛋白基因做系统进化树，结果显示，以病毒寄主的昆虫分类目作为昆虫痘病毒的分属依据，更符合分子水平的分析结果，也与近年来许多学者所提出的"将鳞翅目与直翅目昆虫痘病毒分为2个不同的属"的观点相一致。

Results Fifty-eight chronic liverish patients and 13 ASC persons were detected, in which HBV DNA levels with A83 mutations (log10) were (5.37±0.60),(4.02±0.51) copiesml^(-1) respectively. Ten blood donors were not found HBV A83 mutations.

结果 有HBV DNA前C区A83位点突变的58例慢性肝病患者血清中病毒变异株DNA水平为(5.37±0.60)copiesml^(-1)，13例无症状病毒携带者血清中病毒变异株DNA水平为(4.02±0.51)copiesml^(-1)，两者比较，t=7.54，P.001，差异有高度显著性；10例献血员血清中未检测到A83病毒变异株。

Future efforts will monitor the microevolution and macroevolution of influenza viruses in human, avian and swine obtained in the same and different areas over years for better understandings in the mechanisms that emerging novel human flu viruses might have public health significance.

未来及早建立完善的人/禽/猪流感病毒「整合性」侦测系统与流感病毒基因库，对於我国防范新型流感病毒的入侵与研究不同宿主的流感病毒在生态上的微观与巨观演化趋变必有助益。

The team, led by Eric Kremer of the University of Montpellier in France, examined why people participating in the STEP vaccine trial who had previously been exposed to a cold virus, adenovirus 5, seemed more likely to become infected with HIV-1 than those who hadn't been exposed to the virus (see ' HIV vaccine may raise risk ').

法国的蒙特利尔大学里的EK和他的带领的团队做了这样的一个"分步疫苗试验"的研究，试验为什么那些曾经暴露于被冷冻腺病毒5的受试者比那些从未没有接触过这些病毒的人更加容易感染艾滋病病毒。（见文章《人类免疫缺陷病毒疫苗有可能引发灾难》）。

In order to diagnose disease caused by muscovy duck parvovirus rapidly and accurately, and at same time, further study the taxonomic relationship between muscovy duck parivovirus and goose parvovirus, two pairs of PCR primers (LHMP1/LHMP2 and LHGP1/LHGP2) were designed respectively base on complete nucleotide sequences of Muscovy duck and Goose parvoviruses registered in the GenBank, The LHMP1 for the upper one and the LHMP2 for the lower one, corresponding to the specific nucleotides sequence 454-472 and 1173-1155 respectively in MDPV, and the LHGP1 for the the upper one and the LHGP2 for the lower one, corresponding to the specific nucleotides sequence 454-472 and 1173-1155 respectively in GPV.

为了能快速、准确地对番鸭细小病毒病进行诊断，同时为了能进一步弄清番鸭细小病毒与鹅细小病毒在分类学上是一种怎样的关系，比较GenBank中MDPV和GPV的基因序列，针对这两种病毒左阅读框编码非结构蛋白基因序列的相同区段，分别构建两对PCR引物。第一对引物LHMP1／LHMP2是根据MDPV的基因序列设计的，上游引物针对MDPV基因序列的454～472；下游引物针对基因序列的1173～1155，为19个碱基，扩增跨幅为719bp。

The N protein concentration in the supernatants of virus-infected cells were reduced at different levels in all ER and cytoplasma localized intracellular antibody expressing cell lines, however, the intracellular N protein synthesis in above cell lines was not significantly affected.

利用病毒微量滴定免疫荧光方法，对细胞内抗体与病毒的增殖关系进行了研究，证实无论在内质网还是在胞质，抗核蛋白细胞内抗体都能够抑制病毒的增殖，具有抗病毒活性。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。