病原体

The most common nosocomial pathogens may well survive or persist on surfaces for months and can thereby be a continuous source of transmission if no regular preventive surface disinfection is performed.

最常见的医院内病原体都能够很好的存活于物品表面长达数月，因此如果没有采取适当的常规性预防性物品消毒措施，这些病原体可以成为传播的持续传染源。

The phagosome is the organelle responsible for the destruction of infectious pathogens that cause such diseases as tuberculosis and salmonellosis, as well as pathogens that could be used in bioterrorism.

吞噬小体是一种细胞器，其功能是消灭侵入人体的传染性病原体，这些病原体能够引起诸如结核病和沙门氏菌病等，故能够被用作生物恐怖行动。

Aphids in the process of inhaling plant sap virus particles and auxiliary proteins also be inhaled, thus completing the process by poison, which also supports the field citrus aphid is non-persistent decline disease vector of disease, while the citrus Huanglongbing is phloem restricted by the bacteria caused the main pathogens present in the phloem, the fleas only by phloem feeding in diseased plants, pathogens in the body through the back to complete the salivary glands in the course of the next through the sieve tube feeding in the secretion of saliva the pathogens into the healthy tree, Citrus Huanglongbing different characteristics with aphid-borne diseases, Huanglongbing to persistent disease.

蚜虫在吸入植物汁液的过程中病毒粒子和辅蛋白同时也被吸入，从而完成获毒过程，这也支持了田间蚜虫是柑桔衰退病等非持久性病害传播介体，而柑桔黄龙病是由韧皮部限制性细菌类引起，病原体主要存在于韧皮部中，木虱只有通过在病株韧皮部取食，病原在体内完成循回到唾液腺中，在下一次取食过程中通过在筛管中分泌的唾液将病原体带到健树，柑桔黄龙病与蚜虫传病特点不同，黄龙病为持久性病害。

The major pathogens were fungus and staphylococci each accounted for 30.63% of all cases.

病原体检测显示，真菌和葡萄球菌属各占30.63%，为本组感染性眼内炎患者的主要病原体。

Of the four Shigella, S. flexneri is mainly responsible for the endemic form of bacillary dysentery in our country.

福氏志贺氏菌是一种兼性胞内细菌病原体，通过一种称为病原体诱导的胞饮过程侵袭人结肠上皮细胞。

In view of vagina exists avariety of microbacteria, once ecological balance of vagina is destroyedor ectogenic pathogen break in, it canlead inflammation, cervix excretionincreasing and humidity verdict for pathogen produce, and endocervixplica is very much, focus of infection is difficulty eliminated. Becauseof the vagina and cervix that internal environment and anatomicalstructure is particular, the chronic cervicitis is always manifestrepeatedly, difficult to recover.

由于阴道内本身存在各种微生物，一旦阴道生态平衡打破或外源病原体入侵，即可导致炎症，宫颈分泌物多，局部潮湿，也有利于病原体生长，加之宫颈内膜皱襞较多，感染灶不易清除，慢性宫颈炎常常反复发作，缠绵难愈。

The mice inoculated with Coxiella burnetii intrana- sally developed interstitial pneumonia,while the primary pathological changes of mice inoculated intraperitoneally are granulomas in spleen and liver.2.The pathological changes became more severe followed the dosage increasing.3.Coxiella burnetii can be detected in spleen and liver at day 2 after inoculation.the lesion became more and more serious from day 2 to day 12.The characteristic changes were observed at day 7,and recovered at day 14. 4.The reticuloendothelial system are main target of Coxiella burnetii.The pathogen was detected in cytoplasm of monocyte -macrophages of spleen, liver, lung, and endothelioid cells of blood vessel. 5. Coxiella burnetii can be found in macrophages lysosomes by electron microscopy. Most of them are round or rod, and polymorphic shape can also be observed in different size.

结果：1、通过不同感染途径的实验证实，滴鼻感染的小鼠主要表现为间质性肺炎，而腹腔注射感染小鼠则以脾脏、肝脏肉芽肿为主要病变。2、通过不同剂量的感染实验发现，随着感染Q热立克次体剂量的加大，动物病变愈加严重。3、通过感染后不同时间的动态病理学观察发现，在腹腔注射后第2d的脾和肝脏即可发现病原体，主要脏器的病理变化从第2d到第12d逐渐加重，第7d动物的病变最典型，至感染后14d动物的受损器官已开始出现修复性变化。4、 Q热立克次体主要侵害机体的网状内皮系统，在感染小鼠的肝、脾、肺和外周血管单核巨噬细胞以及血管内皮细胞胞浆中查见病原体。5、透射电镜观察可见Q热立克次体主要位于巨噬细胞吞噬溶酶体内，呈多形性，多见圆形和杆状，大小不一。

Results The infec- tious rate of out-patients was 82.63%（6939/8398）, including 18.83% monilia infections, 3.57% trichomonas Infections, 1.45% gonocoectrs infectious, 21.89% chlamydial trachomatis or mycoplasmas Infections, 28.6% bacterial vaginitis, 2.26% syphilis, 0.08%HIV infections.38.51% patients suffered from two kinds and more than two kinds infections,7 cases combining HIV infection; The infectious rate of health physical examinees was 19.93%（1656/8309）, including 7.7% monilia infections, 0.3% tri- chomonas Infections, 2.0% chlamydial trachomatis or mycoplasmas Infections,9.3% bacterial vaginitis, 0.05% gonococcus infections,4.28% persons suffered from two kinds and more than two kinds infections.

结果 门诊患者生殖道炎症为82.63%（6939/8398），霉菌感染18.83%、滴虫感染3.57%、淋球菌感染1.45%、衣原体/支原体感染21.89%、细菌性感染28.6%、梅毒感染2.26%、HIV0.08%，38.51%的人有两种或两种以上病原体感染，其中合并HIV感染7例；健康体检组生殖道炎症19.93%（1656/8309），霉菌感染7.7%、滴虫感染0.3%、淋球菌感染0.05%、衣原体/支原体感染2.0%、细菌性感染9.3%，4.28%的人有两种或两种以上病原体感染。

Toxoplasm gondii, which widely parasitizes both in human and animals. It is one of the main pathogen that can cause human TORCH syndrome. Infection of T.

刚地弓形虫是人兽共患的弓形虫病的病原体，也是人类TORCH综合症的病原体之一。

The kinds of pathogens responsible for waterborne diseases include bacteria , viruses , protozoans , and parasitic worms .

引起水传播疾病的病原体的种类包括细菌，滤过性病原体，原生动物和寄生虫。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。